Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
172(2), P. 295 - 312
Published: March 7, 2024
Abstract
Hyperactivation
of
the
cyclic‐GMP‐AMP
synthase
(cGAS)–stimulator
interferon
genes
(STING)
signalling
pathway
has
been
shown
to
be
associated
with
development
a
variety
inflammatory
diseases,
and
discovery
an
inhibitor
cGAS‐STING
holds
great
promise
in
therapeutic
interventions.
Epimedium
flavonoid
(EF),
major
active
ingredient
isolated
from
medicinal
plant
Epimedium,
reported
have
good
anti‐inflammatory
activity,
but
its
exact
mechanism
action
remains
unclear.
In
present
study,
we
found
that
EF
mouse
bone
marrow‐derived
macrophages
(BMDMs),
THP‐1
(Tohoku
Hospital
Pediatrics‐1)
as
well
human
peripheral
blood
mononuclear
cells
(hPBMC)
inhibited
activation
pathway,
which
subsequently
led
decrease
expression
type
I
(IFN‐β,
CXCL10
ISG15)
pro‐inflammatory
cytokines
(IL‐6
TNF‐α).
Mechanistically,
does
not
affect
STING
oligomerization,
inhibits
formation
functional
signalosome
by
attenuating
interaction
regulatory
factor
3
(IRF3)
TANK‐binding
kinase
1
(TBK1).
Importantly,
vivo
experiments,
promising
effects
on
diseases
mediated
include
agonist
model
induced
DMXAA
stimulation,
autoimmune
disease
three
prime
repair
exonuclease
(
Trex1
)
deficiency,
non‐alcoholic
steatohepatitis
(NASH)
pathogenic
amino
acid
choline
deficiency
diet
(MCD).
To
summarize,
our
study
suggests
is
potent
potential
component
for
treatment
pathway.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 628 - 628
Published: Feb. 13, 2023
Flavonoids
are
natural
compounds
that
attracting
great
interest
in
the
biomedical
field
thanks
to
wide
spectrum
of
their
biological
properties.
Their
employment
as
anticancer,
anti-inflammatory,
and
antidiabetic
drugs,
well
for
many
other
pharmacological
applications,
is
extensively
investigated.
One
most
successful
ways
increase
therapeutic
efficacy
encapsulate
them
into
a
polymeric
matrix
order
control
concentration
physiological
fluids
prolonged
time.
The
aim
this
article
provide
an
updated
overview
scientific
literature
on
systems
developed
so
far
controlled
release
flavonoids.
different
classes
flavonoids
described
together
with
polymers
commonly
employed
drug
delivery
applications.
Representative
discussed,
highlighting
common
techniques
preparation.
investigated
polymer
system
encapsulation
then
presented
main
source
extraction
Relevant
context
reviewed
relationship
targeted
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
29(7), P. 1487 - 1487
Published: March 27, 2024
Osteoarthritis
(OA)
is
a
chronic
joint
disease
that
causes
pathological
changes
in
articular
cartilage,
synovial
membrane,
or
subchondral
bone.
Conventional
treatments
for
OA
include
surgical
and
non-surgical
methods.
Surgical
treatment
suitable
patients
the
terminal
stage
of
OA.
It
often
last
choice
because
associated
risks
high
cost.
Medication
mainly
includes
non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory
drugs,
analgesics,
hyaluronic
acid,
cortico-steroid
drugs.
However,
these
drugs
have
severe
side
effects
cannot
meet
needs
patients.
Therefore,
safe
clinically
appropriate
long-term
are
urgently
needed.
Apoptosis
programmed
cell
death,
which
kind
physiologic
suicide
determined
by
heredity
conserved
evolution.
Inhibition
apoptosis-related
pathways
has
been
found
to
prevent
treat
variety
diseases.
Excessive
apoptosis
can
destroy
cartilage
homeostasis
aggravate
process
inhibition
factors
signaling
become
an
effective
means
Phytochemicals
active
ingredients
from
plants,
it
phytochemicals
play
important
role
prevention
inhibiting
apoptosis.
We
summarize
preclinical
clinical
studies
The
results
show
targeting
pathways.
On
basis
improving
some
with
low
bioavailability,
poor
water
solubility,
toxicity
nanotechnology-based
drug
delivery
systems,
at
same
time
undergoing
strict
pharmacological
tests,
be
used
as
potential
therapeutic
may
applied
settings.
Journal of Biological Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(1)
Published: April 22, 2024
Abstract
There
is
an
increasing
demand
for
innovative
strategies
that
effectively
promote
osteogenesis
and
enhance
bone
regeneration.
The
critical
process
of
regeneration
involves
the
transformation
mesenchymal
stromal
cells
into
osteoblasts
subsequent
mineralization
extracellular
matrix,
making
up
complex
mechanism
osteogenesis.
Icariin’s
diverse
pharmacological
properties,
such
as
anti-inflammatory,
anti-oxidant,
osteogenic
effects,
have
attracted
considerable
attention
in
biomedical
research.
Icariin,
known
its
ability
to
stimulate
formation,
has
been
found
encourage
improve
mineralization.
Several
studies
demonstrated
effects
icariin,
which
can
be
attributed
hormone-like
function.
It
induce
expression
BMP-2
BMP-4
mRNAs
significantly
upregulate
Osx
at
low
doses.
Additionally,
icariin
promotes
formation
by
stimulating
pre-osteoblastic
genes
like
Osx,
RUNX2,
collagen
type
I.
However,
needs
delivered
perform
promising
functions.
Encapsulating
within
nanoplatforms
holds
significant
promise
promoting
through
a
range
intricate
biological
effects.
When
encapsulated
nanofibers
or
nanoparticles,
exerts
directly
cellular
level.
Recalling
inflammation
factor
influencing
regeneration,
icariin's
anti-inflammatory
harnessed
amplified
when
nanoplatforms.
Also,
while
cell
adhesion
migration
are
pivotal
stages
tissue
icariin-loaded
contribute
these
processes
providing
supportive
matrix
attachment
movement.
This
review
comprehensively
discusses
used
osteogenesis,
further
presenting
where
field
go
before
clinically.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(7), P. 775 - 775
Published: June 27, 2024
Rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
is
a
persistent
autoimmune
disorder
that
characterized
by
joint
inflammation,
discomfort,
and
impairment.
Despite
the
existence
of
several
therapeutic
approaches,
their
effectiveness
often
restricted
may
be
linked
to
unfavorable
side
effects.
Consequently,
there
has
been
growing
interest
in
investigating
naturally
derived
compounds
as
plausible
agents
for
RA
disease.
The
objective
this
review
summarize
existing
preclinical
clinical
evidence
regarding
efficacy
extracted
plant
extracts
treatment
RA,
focusing
on
anti-inflammatory,
anti-oxidative,
immunomodulatory
properties.
Some
problems
with
using
natural
chemicals
are
uneven
quality
commercially
available
preparations
poor
bioavailability
these
compounds.
Future
investigations
should
focus
improving
formulations,
conducting
thorough
trials,
exploring
different
techniques
fully
utilize
intrinsic
potential
treating
RA.
European journal of medical research,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
27(1)
Published: Oct. 17, 2022
Abstract
Objectives
This
study
aims
to
investigate
the
effects
of
Icariin
(ICA)
on
interleukin-1β
(IL-1β)-induced
osteoarthritis
(OA)
and
its
potential
mechanism
action.
Methods
SW1353
chondrocytes
were
pretreated
with
ICA
for
2
h,
followed
by
stimulation
IL-1β
mimic
OA.
Expression
levels
matrix
metalloproteinases
(MMP-3)
collagen
II
determined
using
real-time
PCR
Western
blot
assays.
Autophagy
activation
(by
ICA)
or
inhibition
shRNA)
was
based
expression
ULK1,
Beclin-1,
LC3-II/I,
p62,
analysis.
The
phosphorylation
PI3K,
Akt,
mTOR,
ULK1
also
detected
Results
increased
MMP-3
overproduction,
induced
degradation,
reduced
level
autophagy-associated
proteins,
including
LC3-II/I.
In
contrast,
pretreatment
attenuated
IL-1β-induced
expression,
autophagy-related
proteins.
decreased
mTOR
phosphorylation,
production
autophagy.
Short
hairpin
RNA-mediated
knockdown
led
PI3K/Akt/mTOR
pathway,
which
reversed
protective
ICA.
Conclusions
Our
findings
indicate
that
can
induce
autophagy
regulating
PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ULK1
signaling
pathway.
suggests
may
be
effective
treating
