Brain Research Bulletin,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 111132 - 111132
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Autism
spectrum
disorder
(ASD)
is
a
neurodevelopmental
that
place
huge
economic
and
emotional
burden
on
society.
Salidroside
(Sal)
has
been
reported
to
have
therapeutic
effects
in
variety
of
neurological
disorders
such
as
Alzheimer's
disease
（AD）
Parkinson's
(PD),
however
no
studies
conducted
show
whether
salidroside
effective
ASD.
Pyroptosis
involved
the
pathology
disorders,
but
not
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(1), P. 210 - 210
Published: Jan. 17, 2024
Microglia,
as
one
of
the
main
types
glial
cells
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
are
widely
distributed
throughout
brain
and
spinal
cord.
The
normal
number
function
microglia
very
important
for
maintaining
homeostasis
CNS.
In
recent
years,
scientists
have
paid
widespread
attention
to
role
Autism
spectrum
disorder
(ASD)
is
a
highly
heterogeneous
neurodevelopmental
disorder,
patients
with
ASD
severe
deficits
behavior,
social
skills,
communication.
Most
previous
studies
on
focused
neuronal
pathological
changes,
such
increased
cell
proliferation,
accelerated
differentiation,
impaired
synaptic
development,
reduced
spontaneous
synchronous
activity.
Currently,
more
research
has
found
that
microglia,
immune
cells,
can
promote
neurogenesis
pruning
maintain
CNS
homeostasis.
They
usually
reduce
unnecessary
connections
early
life.
Some
researchers
proposed
many
phenotypes
may
be
caused
by
microglial
abnormalities.
Based
this,
we
summarize
ASD,
focusing
We
aim
clarify
essential
factors
influenced
explore
possibility
microglia-related
pathways
potential
targets
ASD.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 392 - 392
Published: March 25, 2024
Inflammation
is
a
physiological
condition
characterized
by
complex
interplay
between
different
cells
handled
metabolites
and
specific
inflammatory-related
molecules.
In
some
pathological
situations,
inflammation
persists
underlying
worsening
the
state.
Over
years,
two
membrane
transporters
namely
OCTN1
(SLC22A4)
OCTN2
(SLC22A5)
have
been
shown
to
play
roles
in
inflammation.
These
form
OCTN
subfamily
within
larger
SLC22
family.
The
link
these
proteins
has
proposed
based
on
their
chronic
inflammatory
diseases
such
as
asthma,
Crohn’s
disease
(CD),
rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA).
Moreover,
show
ability
mediate
transport
of
several
compounds
including
carnitine,
carnitine
derivatives,
acetylcholine,
ergothioneine,
gut
microbiota
by-products,
which
specifically
associated
with
for
anti-
or
proinflammatory
action.
Therefore,
absorption
distribution
molecules
rely
presence
OCTN2,
whose
expression
modulated
cytokines
transcription
factors
typically
activated
present
review,
we
wish
provide
state
art
function
regulation
relationships
focusing
metabolic
signature
collected
body
districts
gene
polymorphisms
related
diseases.
Aging and Disease,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 480 - 480
Published: Aug. 3, 2023
The
gut-brain
axis
is
a
communication
channel
that
mediates
complex
interplay
of
intestinal
flora
with
the
neural,
endocrine,
and
immune
systems,
linking
gut
brain
functions.
Gut
metabolites,
group
small
molecules
produced
or
consumed
by
biochemical
processes
in
gut,
are
involved
central
nervous
system
regulation
via
highly
interconnected
affecting
microglia
indirectly
influencing
structure
directly
function
activity.
Accordingly,
pathological
changes
connected
metabolite
levels
as
well
altered
activity,
which
may
contribute
to
process
each
neuroinflammatory
condition.
Here,
we
discuss
mechanisms
for
instance,
bile
acids,
short-chain
fatty
tryptophan
regulate
component
axis,
explore
important
roles
metabolites
from
perspective
microglia.
At
same
time,
highlight
pathogenesis
neurodegenerative
diseases
neurodevelopmental
disorders.
Understanding
relationship
between
microglia,
microbiota,
neuroinflammation,
disorders
will
help
us
identify
new
strategies
treating
neuropsychiatric
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: April 6, 2024
Abstract
Transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
(TMS)
is
a
neurostimulation
device
used
to
modulate
brain
cortex
activity.
Our
objective
was
enhance
the
therapeutic
effectiveness
of
low-frequency
repeated
TMS
(LF-rTMS)
in
rat
model
autism
spectrum
disorder
(ASD)
induced
by
prenatal
valproic
acid
(VPA)
exposure
through
injection
superparamagnetic
iron
oxide
nanoparticles
(SPIONs).
For
induction
ASD,
we
administered
VPA
(600
mg/kg,
I.P.)
on
12.5th
day
pregnancy.
At
postnatal
30,
SPIONs
were
injected
directly
into
lateral
ventricle
brain.
Subsequently,
LF-rTMS
treatment
applied
for
14
consecutive
days.
Following
period,
behavioral
analyses
conducted.
60,
tissue
extracted,
and
both
biochemical
histological
performed.
data
revealed
that
led
alterations,
including
changes
social
interactions,
increased
anxiety,
repetitive
behavior,
along
with
dysfunction
stress
coping
strategies.
Additionally,
observed
reduced
levels
SYN,
MAP2,
BDNF.
These
accompanied
decrease
dendritic
spine
density
hippocampal
CA1
area.
However,
combined
successfully
reversed
these
dysfunctions
at
behavioral,
biochemical,
levels,
introducing
successful
approach
ASD.
Journal of Neuroinflammation,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: Nov. 6, 2024
Chronic
ethanol
exposure
(CEE)
is
recognized
as
an
important
risk
factor
for
depression,
and
the
gut-brain
axis
has
emerged
a
key
mechanism
underlying
chronic
exposure-induced
anxiety
depression-like
behaviors.
Short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
which
are
metabolites
generated
by
gut
microbiota
from
insoluble
dietary
fiber,
exert
protective
roles
on
central
nervous
system,
including
reduction
of
neuroinflammation.
However,
link
between
microbial
disturbances
caused
exposure,
production
SCFAs,
behaviors
remains
unclear.
Initially,
90-day
model
was
established,
followed
fecal
transplantation
model,
supplemented
with
SCFAs
via
gavage.
Anxiety
were
determined
open
field
test,
forced
swim
elevated
plus-maze.
Serum
intestinal
levels
quantified
using
GC-MS.
Changes
in
related
indicators,
barrier,
inflammation,
neuroinflammation,
neurotrophy,
nerve
damage,
detected
Western
blotting,
immunofluorescence,
Nissl
staining.
disrupted
homeostasis,
reduced
led
to
Recipient
mice
transplanted
that
had
been
affected
exhibited
impaired
structure
function,
low
activation
compromised
blood-brain
neurotrophic
defects,
alterations
GABA
Notably,
negative
effects
observed
these
recipient
significantly
alleviated
through
supplementation
SCFAs.
not
only
mitigate
damage
function
but
also
alleviate
various
lesions
such
reduce
behaviors,
triggered
adding
more
support
serve
bridge
brain.
Gut Microbes,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(1)
Published: April 27, 2025
The
gut
microbiota
has
been
linked
to
a
number
of
neurological
disorders.
However,
it
is
unclear
whether
the
involved
in
genesis
chronic
itch,
refractory
condition
that
afflicts
patients
both
physically
and
mentally.
Here,
we
report
depletion
enhances
tolerance
itch
mice
orally
administered
with
antibiotics
(ABX)
free
germ.
Of
note,
oral
gavage
Bacteroides
fragilis
(B.
fragilis),
prominent
species
genus
most
differential
change,
corrected
ABX-induced
dysfunction
through
its
driven
metabolite
acetyl-l-carnitine
(ALC).
Mechanistically,
or
B.
caused
decrease
RNA
N6-methyladenosine
(m6A)
demethylase
FTO
expression
dorsal
horn
consequent
increase
m6A
sites
Mas-related
G
protein-coupled
receptor
F
(MrgprF)
mRNA,
leading
decreased
MRGPRF
protein.
downregulation
was
triggered
by
inactivation
ETS
proto-oncogene
1
(ETS1),
transcription
factor
binds
Fto
promoter.
These
findings
support
microbe
-
spinal
connection
modulation
sensation
epigenetic-dependent
manner
highlight
critical
role
ALC
linking
altered
dysfunction.
