Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A Ecological and Integrative Physiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
341(1), P. 99 - 106
Published: Oct. 31, 2023
Abstract
Mitochondrial‐rich
cells
(MRCs)
are
one
of
the
most
significant
canceled
type
epithelial
cells.
Morphologically
these
totally
different
from
other
These
primarily
implicated
in
sea‐water
and
fresh‐water
adaptation,
acid–base
regulation.
However,
this
review
paper,
we
explored
some
intriguing
biological
immune‐related
functional
developmental
networks
MRCs.
The
main
pinpoint,
MRCs
perform
a
dynamic
osmoregulatory
immunological
role
gut
male
reproductive
system.
Na+/K+_ATPase
(NKA)
Na+/K+/2Cl
cotransporter
(NKCC)
key
acidifying
proteins
for
ion‐transporting
function
intestinal
homeostasis
maintenance
luminal
microenvironment
Further
more
importantly,
play
novel
through
exocrine
secretion
nano‐scale
exosomes
multivesicular
bodies
(MVBs)
pathway,
which
is
very
essential
sperm
maturation,
motility,
acrosome
reaction,
sex
hormones,
an
events
to
produce
gametes
with
optimal
fertilizing
ability.
This
effort
expected
promote
MRCs,
might
be
exosome
secretion.
Frontiers in Nanotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
6
Published: Jan. 22, 2025
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
natural
membrane-bound
structures
released
by
cells,
offer
a
promising
platform
for
precise
and
targeted
delivery
of
therapeutic
payloads,
including
drugs
nanoparticles.
This
comprehensive
review
explores
the
integration
engineered
nanomaterials
with
EVs
to
advance
drug
systems.
It
covers
various
aspects
this
integration,
techniques
synthesizing,
loading,
characterizing,
applying
within
EVs.
Methodologies
integrating
diverse
nanocarriers
like
nanoparticles,
liposomes,
quantum
dots
into
are
discussed,
along
characterization
methods
such
as
electron
microscopy
light
scattering.
Attention
is
also
given
considerations
biological
compatibility,
safety
assessments,
strategies
surface
modification
enhance
targeting
precision.
Highlighting
applications,
delivery,
cancer
therapy,
vaccine
development,
underscores
potential
EV-nanomaterial
hybrids
leverage
EVs’
innate
capabilities
versatility
nanomaterials.
However,
it
addresses
challenges
scalability,
standardization,
that
must
be
overcome
facilitate
clinical
translation
these
biomedical
solutions.
Biology of Reproduction,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
111(2), P. 242 - 268
Published: May 2, 2024
Abstract
The
field
of
Developmental
Origins
Health
and
Disease
has
primarily
focused
on
maternal
programming
offspring
health.
However,
emerging
evidence
suggests
that
paternal
factors,
including
the
seminal
microbiome,
could
potentially
play
important
roles
in
shaping
developmental
trajectory
long-term
health
outcomes.
Historically,
microbes
present
semen
were
regarded
as
inherently
pathogenic
agents.
this
dogma
recently
been
challenged
by
discovery
a
diverse
commensal
microbial
community
within
healthy
males.
In
addition,
recent
studies
suggest
transmission
semen-associated
into
female
reproductive
tract
during
mating
potentials
to
not
only
influence
fertility
embryo
development
but
also
contribute
offspring.
review,
we
summarize
current
knowledge
microbiota
both
humans
animals
followed
discussing
their
potential
involvement
We
propose
discuss
mechanisms
through
which
influences
are
transmitted
via
microbiome.
Overall,
review
provides
insights
microbiome-based
programing,
will
expand
our
understanding
currently
epigenetic
modifications,
oxidative
stresses,
cytokines.
Parkinson's
disease
(PD),
the
second
most
common
neurological
ailment
in
world
after
Alzheimer's
(AD),
affects
about
1%
of
those
over
65
years.
Exosomes
were
first
thought
to
be
useless
cell
debris.
It
has
been
discovered
that
exosomes
contain
a
variety
non-coding
RNAs,
including
microRNAs,
lncRNAs,
and
circRNAs,
as
well
other
bioactive
compounds.
A
few
these
compounds
are
functional
messenger
RNAs
(mRNAs),
certain
proteins,
lipids,
chemicals.
Our
understanding
exosome
function
body
improved
result
this
information.
physiological
activities
show
important
include
migration,
angiogenesis,
intercellular
communication,
anti-tumor
immunity.
can
help
nervous
system's
cells
communicate
with
one
another,
get
rid
waste,
keep
myelin
coating
place.
Similar
this,
it
is
possible
development
central
system
illnesses
like
influenced
by
brain
exosomes.
The
several
neurodegenerative
disorders
(NDD),
mostly
attributed
extracellular
vehicles
(EVs)
known
(EXOs).
As
result,
have
attracted
attention
EVs
pathophysiological
roles.
Because
their
shown
ability
transport
both
pathogenic
therapeutic
cargo,
researchers
altered
EXOs
for
use
drug
delivery.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(13), P. 7492 - 7492
Published: July 8, 2024
Seminal
plasma
contains
a
heterogeneous
population
of
extracellular
vesicles
(sEVs)
that
remains
poorly
characterized.
This
study
aimed
to
characterize
the
lipidomic
profile
two
subsets
differently
sized
sEVs,
small
(S-)
and
large
(L-),
isolated
from
porcine
seminal
by
size-exclusion
chromatography
characterized
an
orthogonal
approach.
High-performance
liquid
chromatography-high-resolution
mass
spectrometry
was
used
for
analysis.
A
total
157
lipid
species
14
classes
4
major
categories
(sphingolipids,
glycerophospholipids,
glycerolipids,
sterols)
were
identified.
Qualitative
differences
limited
cholesteryl
ester
present
only
in
S-sEVs.
L-sEVs
had
higher
levels
all
quantified
due
their
larger
membrane
surface
area.
The
distribution
pattern
different,
especially
sphingomyelins
(more
S-sEVs)
ceramides
L-sEVs).
In
conclusion,
this
reveals
suggesting
they
differ
biogenesis
functionality.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Jan. 29, 2025
Extracellular
membrane
vesicles
(EVs)
offer
promising
values
in
various
medical
fields,
e.g.,
as
biomarkers
liquid
biopsies
or
native
(or
bioengineered)
biological
nanocarriers
tissue
engineering,
regenerative
medicine
and
cancer
therapy.
Based
on
their
cellular
origin
EVs
can
vary
considerably
composition
diameter.
Cell
studies
mammalian
prominin-1,
a
cholesterol-binding
glycoprotein,
have
helped
to
reveal
new
donor
membranes
sources
of
EVs.
For
instance,
small
originate
from
microvilli
primary
cilia,
while
large
might
be
produced
by
transient
structures
such
retracting
extremities
cells
during
the
mitotic
rounding
process,
midbody
at
end
cytokinesis.
Here,
we
will
highlight
subcellular
origins
prominin-1+
EVs,
also
called
prominosomes,
potential
mechanism(s)
regulating
formation.
We
further
discuss
molecular
characteristics
notably
those
that
direct
effect
release
process
directly
implicated
cell
reprogramming
stem
cells.
Prominin-1+
mediate
intercellular
communication
embryonic
development
adult
homeostasis
healthy
individuals,
disseminating
information
diseases.
Pharmacological Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 107753 - 107753
Published: April 1, 2025
Chronic
refractory
wounds
(CRWs)
represent
a
common
and
challenging
issue
in
clinical
practice,
including
diabetic
foot
ulcers,
pressure
venous
arterial
ulcers.
These
significantly
impact
patients'
quality
of
life
may
lead
to
severe
consequences
such
as
amputation.
Their
treatment
requires
comprehensive
consideration
both
the
patient's
overall
physical
condition
local
wound
situation.
The
major
challenges
include
complex
pathogenesis,
long
cycle,
high
recurrence
rate,
heavy
economic
on
patients.
Exosomes
an
emerging
therapeutic
modality
with
characteristics
low
immunogenicity,
good
biostability,
targeting
efficiency
diseases.
derived
from
different
sources
exhibit
heterogeneity,
demonstrating
their
respective
advantages
unique
properties
treatment.
This
article
delves
into
potential
applications
mechanisms
action
exosomes
various
CRWs,
aiming
provide
new
perspectives
ideas
for
management
wounds.
Tissue Engineering Part B Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(3), P. 385 - 403
Published: April 12, 2024
Having
genetically
related
offspring
remains
an
unattainable
dream
for
couples
with
reproductive
failure.
Mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
are
multipotent
stromal
derived
from
various
human
tissues
and
organs.
As
critical
paracrine
effectors
of
MSCs,
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
can
carry
deliver
bioactive
content,
thereby
participating
in
intercellular
communication
determining
cell
fate.
cell-derived
(MSC-EVs)
have
shown
promising
therapeutic
effects,
including
repairing
injured
endometria,
restoration
ovarian
functions,
improving
sperm
quantity,
morphology,
motility,
owing
to
their
regenerative
potential,
abundant
sources,
high
proliferation
rates,
low
immunogenicity,
lack
ethical
issues.
However,
limited
knowledge
on
purification
isolation
MSC-EVs,
unpredictable
safety
caused
challenges
overcoming
female
male
infertility.
To
overcome
them,
future
studies
should
focus
modification/engineering
MSC-EVs
biomolecules
combining
attractive
biomaterials
MSC-EVs.
This
review
highlights
the
latest
therapies
infertility
major
that
must
be
before
clinical
translation.
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(7), P. e0303479 - e0303479
Published: July 3, 2024
Numerous
studies
confirm
the
involvement
of
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
in
regulation
physiological
processes
mammalian
sperm
cells.
It
has
been
proven
that
they
take
part
capacitation,
acrosonmal
reaction,
and
anti-oxidation.
Despite
growing
interest
biomedical
potential
(including
search
for
new
reproductive
biomarkers)
EVs,
role
seminal
maintaining
semen
quality
during
cryopreservation
not
yet
established.
Therefore,
objective
this
experiment
was
to
evaluate
effectiveness
use
mitochondrial
membrane
bovine
explain
mechanisms
EV
action
cell
cryopreservation.
Exosomes
were
isolated
from
bull
plasma,
measured,
used
extender
supplementation.
Semen
samples
collected
Simmental
bulls,
diluted,
pre-evaluated.
Then
divided
into
equal
fractions
did
contain
EVs
or
supplemented
with
0.75;
1.5
2.25
mg/ml
EVs.
The
test
frozen/thawed
potential,
DNA
integrity,
viability
evaluated.
have
established
a
positive
effect
on
cryopreserved
structures.
most
favourable
level
mg
/
ml,
which
can
be
successfully
improve
cryostability
freezing/thawing.
In
study,
exosomes
plasma
concentrated
dose
freezing
shown
significantly
cells
by
supporting
potentials
protecting
cytoplasmic
spermatozoa.
