Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 23, 2023
Abstract
Objective
Gut
microbiome
(GM)
plays
an
important
role
in
a
variety
of
diseases,
and
renal
malignancies
have
been
shown
to
be
closely
associated
with
GM.
However,
the
GM
pathogenesis
has
not
fully
explored.
The
aim
this
study
was
investigate
potential
causal
association
between
intestinal
flora
possible
mechanisms
action.
Methods
We
collected
genome-wide
(GWAS)
data
on
applied
Mendelian
randomization
(MR)
analysis
explore
them.
Results
By
MR
analysis,
we
found
that
components
malignancies,
including
enterobacteria
certain
orders,
families,
genera,
may
negative
effects
pathogenesis,
while
other
genera
positive
associations
malignancies.
Conclusion
This
reveals
identifies
several
genetic
variants
involved
association.
These
findings
are
expected
provide
new
insights
into
theoretical
basis
for
development
therapeutic
strategies
targeting
future.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Oct. 9, 2023
Abstract
Individual
variability
in
drug
response
(IVDR)
can
be
a
major
cause
of
adverse
reactions
(ADRs)
and
prolonged
therapy,
resulting
substantial
health
economic
burden.
Despite
extensive
research
pharmacogenomics
regarding
the
impact
individual
genetic
background
on
pharmacokinetics
(PK)
pharmacodynamics
(PD),
diversity
explains
only
limited
proportion
IVDR.
The
role
gut
microbiota,
also
known
as
second
genome,
its
metabolites
modulating
therapeutic
outcomes
human
diseases
have
been
highlighted
by
recent
studies.
Consequently,
burgeoning
field
pharmacomicrobiomics
aims
to
explore
correlation
between
microbiota
variation
IVDR
or
ADRs.
This
review
presents
an
up-to-date
overview
intricate
interactions
classical
agents
for
systemic
diseases,
including
cancer,
cardiovascular
(CVDs),
endocrine
others.
We
summarise
how
directly
indirectly,
modify
absorption,
distribution,
metabolism,
excretion
(ADME)
drugs.
Conversely,
drugs
modulate
composition
function
leading
changes
microbial
metabolism
immune
response.
discuss
practical
challenges,
strategies,
opportunities
this
field,
emphasizing
critical
need
develop
innovative
approach
multi-omics,
integrate
various
data
types,
genomic
data,
well
translate
lab
into
clinical
practice.
To
sum
up,
represents
promising
avenue
address
improve
patient
outcomes,
further
is
imperative
unlock
full
potential
precision
medicine.
Frontiers in Oncology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
The
current
understanding
of
colorectal
carcinogenesis
is
based
on
the
adenoma-carcinoma
sequence,
where
genetics,
intestinal
microbiota
changes
and
local
immunity
shifts
seem
to
play
key
roles.
Despite
emerging
evidence
dysbiotic
state
immune-cell
infiltration
in
patients
with
adenocarcinoma,
early
advanced
adenoma
as
precursors
cancer,
carcinoma
situ
following
progression,
are
rather
less
studied.
newly
colon-site
adapted
AI-based
analysis
immune
infiltrates
able
predict
long-term
outcomes
colon
carcinoma.
Though
it
could
also
facilitate
pathologic
evaluation
precancerous
lesion's
potential
progress.
Therefore,
purpose
this
prospective
cohort
study
(MIMICA-1)
is,
firstly,
identify
patterns
around
normal
bowel
tissue,
adenoma,
situ,
secondly,
analyze
-
microbiome
interplay
along
steps
conventional
tumorigenesis.
This
aims
prospectively
recruit
40
(10
per
group)
confirmed
dysplasia
undergoing
endoscopic
polypectomy,
mucosal
resection
for
small
(≤1cm),
large
(>1cm)
or
biopsy
subsequent
invasive
10
healthy
screening
colonoscopy.
Stool
samples
will
be
collected
prior
preparation
fecal
(luminal)
composition.
Biopsy
specimens
taken
from
terminal
ileum,
right
colon,
left
a
pathological
lesion
(if
present)
assess
mucosa-associated
composition
response.
DNA
extracted
all
sequenced
using
Illumina
MiSeq
platform.
Unifrac
Bray-Curtis
methods
used
microbial
diversity.
system
response
examined
digital
image
primarily
immunohistochemistry
procedures
CD3,
CD8,
CD20
CD68
cell
markers
performed.
Thereafter,
count,
density
distribution
immunocompetent
cells
epithelial
stromal
tissue
compartments
evaluated
interaction
between
sequence
examined.
In
addition,
explored
gut
microbiota's
composition,
comparing
fecal-
tissue-derived
bacterial
sequence.
We
hypothesize
that
within
human
led
detectable
alterations
correlate
progression
mucosa
It
expectable
find
more
severe
at
site,
though
analyzing
cancer
we
expect
detect
broader
luminal
near-lesion
site
possibly
throughout
entire
colon.
believe
specific
compositional
differences
detected
premalignant
lesions
critically
important
its
primary
role
initiation
acceleration
carcinogenesis.
Thus,
these
potentially
supplement
immunohistochemical
tests
non-invasive
detection
adenoma.
Moreover,
become
additional
diagnostic
prognostic
tool
development
cancer.
registered
Australian
New
Zealand
Clinical
Trials
Registry
(ACTRN12624000976583)
https://www.anzctr.org.au/.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(17), P. 9463 - 9463
Published: Aug. 30, 2024
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
represents
a
significant
global
health
burden,
with
high
incidence
and
mortality
rates
worldwide.
Recent
progress
in
research
highlights
the
distinct
clinical
molecular
characteristics
of
colon
versus
rectal
cancers,
underscoring
tumor
location's
importance
treatment
approaches.
This
article
provides
comprehensive
review
our
current
understanding
CRC
epidemiology,
risk
factors,
pathogenesis,
management
strategies.
We
also
present
intricate
cellular
architecture
colonic
crypts
their
roles
intestinal
homeostasis.
carcinogenesis
multistep
processes
are
described,
covering
conventional
adenoma-carcinoma
sequence,
alternative
serrated
pathways,
influential
Vogelstein
model,
which
proposes
sequential
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(10), P. 1923 - 1923
Published: May 18, 2024
Background:
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
significantly
contributes
to
cancer-related
mortality,
necessitating
the
exploration
of
prognostic
factors
beyond
TNM
staging.
This
study
investigates
composition
gut
microbiome
and
microbial
DNA
fragments
in
stage
II/III
CRC.
Methods:
A
cohort
142
patients
with
CRC
91
healthy
controls
underwent
comprehensive
analysis.
Fecal
samples
were
collected
for
16S
rRNA
sequencing,
blood
tested
presence
fragments.
De
novo
clustering
analysis
categorized
individuals
based
on
their
profiles.
Alpha
beta
diversity
metrics
calculated,
taxonomic
profiling
was
conducted.
Results:
Patients
exhibited
distinct
compared
controls.
Beta
confirmed
CRC-specific
Taxonomic
revealed
unique
taxonomies
patient
cohort.
separated
into
groups,
specific
fragment
detection
associated
certain
clusters.
Conclusions:
The
microbiota
can
differentiate
from
individuals.
Detecting
bloodstream
may
be
linked
prognosis.
These
findings
suggest
that
could
serve
as
a
factor
Identifying
markers
prognosis
has
potential
clinical
implications,
including
personalized
treatment
strategies
reduced
healthcare
costs.
Further
research
is
needed
validate
these
uncover
underlying
mechanisms.
Frontiers in Oncology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: March 5, 2025
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
poses
a
significant
global
health
burden,
with
gut
microbiota
emerging
as
crucial
modulator
of
CRC
pathogenesis
and
therapeutic
outcomes.
This
review
synthesizes
current
evidence
on
the
influence
tumor
immune
surveillance
responses
to
immunotherapies
chemotherapy
in
CRC.
We
highlight
role
specific
microbial
taxa
promoting
or
inhibiting
growth
potential
microbiota-based
biomarkers
for
predicting
treatment
efficacy.
The
also
discusses
implications
modulation
strategies,
including
diet,
probiotics,
fecal
transplantation,
personalized
management.
By
critically
evaluating
literature,
we
aim
provide
comprehensive
understanding
microbiota’s
dual
inform
future
research
directions
this
field.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(8), P. 3733 - 3733
Published: April 15, 2025
The
gut
microbiome,
a
complex
community
of
microorganisms
residing
in
the
intestinal
tract,
plays
dual
role
colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
development,
acting
both
as
contributing
risk
factor
and
protective
element.
This
review
explores
mechanisms
by
which
microbiota
contribute
to
CRC,
emphasizing
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
immune
evasion,
production
genotoxins
microbial
metabolites.
Fusobacterium
nucleatum,
Escherichia
coli
(pks+),
Bacteroides
fragilis
promote
tumorigenesis
inducing
chronic
generating
reactive
oxygen
species,
producing
virulence
factors
that
damage
host
DNA.
These
can
also
evade
antitumor
response
suppressing
cytotoxic
T
cell
activity
increasing
regulatory
populations.
Additionally,
microbial-derived
metabolites
such
secondary
bile
acids
trimethylamine-N-oxide
(TMAO)
have
been
linked
carcinogenic
processes.
Conversely,
microbiota,
including
Lactobacillus,
Bifidobacterium,
Faecalibacterium
prausnitzii,
homeostasis
short-chain
fatty
(SCFAs)
like
butyrate,
exhibit
anti-inflammatory
anti-carcinogenic
properties.
beneficial
microbes
enhance
barrier
integrity,
modulate
responses,
inhibit
tumor
proliferation.
Understanding
dynamic
interplay
between
pathogenic
is
essential
for
developing
microbiome-based
interventions,
probiotics,
prebiotics,
fecal
transplantation,
prevent
or
treat
CRC.
Future
research
should
focus
on
identifying
biomarkers
early
CRC
detection
exploring
personalized
microbiome-targeted
therapies.
A
deeper
understanding
host–microbiota
interactions
may
lead
innovative
strategies
management
improved
patient
outcomes.
