Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 18, 2022
Abstract
Ventral
striatum
(VS)
processes
rewarding
and
punishing
stimuli.
Women
men
vary
in
externalizing
internalizing
traits,
which
may
influence
neural
responses
to
reward
punishment.
To
investigate
sex
differences
how
individual
traits
VS
punishment,
we
curated
the
data
of
Human
Connectome
Project
identified
981
(473
men)
subjects
evaluated
by
Achenbach
Adult
Self-Report
Syndrome
Scales.
We
processed
imaging
with
published
routines
extracted
reactivity
(β)
win
loss
vs.
baseline
a
gambling
task
for
correlation
symptom
severity.
Men
women
showed
more
severe
symptoms
higher
response
monetary
losses
(VS-loss
β)
but
not
wins.
significant,
positive
between
VS-loss
β
difference
was
confirmed
slope
test.
The
each
VS-win
differed
significantly
slope,
confirming
its
specificity,
men.
Further,
sex-specific
relationship
trait
did
extend
activities
during
exposure
negative
emotion
face
matching
task.
conclude,
their
rather
than
severity
young
adults.
findings
highlight
have
implications
psychological
models
behaviors
Cell Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
42(11), P. 113365 - 113365
Published: Nov. 1, 2023
The
insular
cortex
(IC)
has
been
linked
to
the
processing
of
interoceptive
and
exteroceptive
signals
associated
with
addictive
behavior.
However,
whether
IC
modulates
acquisition
drug-related
affective
states
by
direct
top-down
connectivity
ventral
tegmental
area
(VTA)
dopamine
neurons
is
unknown.
We
found
that
photostimulation
VTA
terminals
anterior
(aIC)
induces
rewarding
contextual
memory,
activity,
triggers
release
within
VTA.
Employing
neuronal
recordings
neurochemical
transsynaptic
tagging
techniques,
we
disclose
functional
organization
aIC
pre-synaptic
bodies
identifying
recipient
neurons.
Furthermore,
systemic
administration
amphetamine
altered
excitability
modulated
projection,
where
photoactivation
enhances,
whereas
photoinhibition
impairs,
a
Our
study
reveals
key
circuit
involved
in
developing
retaining
drug
reward-related
providing
insight
into
neurobiological
basis
behavior
helping
develop
therapeutic
addiction
strategies.
Addiction Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
7, P. 100089 - 100089
Published: April 8, 2023
Craving
reflects
the
subjective
urge
to
use
drugs
and
can
be
triggered
by
both
positive
negative
emotional
states.
No
studies
have
systematically
investigated
relative
roles
of
these
mechanisms
in
pathophysiology
substance
misuse.
Here,
we
performed
meta-analyses
drug
cue-elicited
reactivity
win
loss
processing
monetary
incentive
delay
task
identify
distinct
neural
correlates
appetitive
aversive
responses
cues.
We
then
characterized
cue
seventy-six
alcohol
drinkers
performing
a
craving
during
fMRI.
Imaging
data
were
processed
according
published
routines.
The
circuit
involved
medial
cortical
regions
ventral
striatum,
insula,
caudate
mid-cingulate
cortex.
observed
significant
correlation
activity
(
Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(7), P. 4972 - 4986
Published: June 29, 2024
Working
memory
refers
to
a
process
of
temporary
storage
and
manipulation
information
support
planning,
decision-making,
action.
Frequently
comorbid
alcohol
misuse
sleep
deficiency
have
both
been
associated
with
working
deficits.
However,
how
interact
impact
remains
unclear.
In
this
study,
we
aim
investigate
the
neural
processes
inter-relating
misuse,
memory.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 7, 2024
ABSTRACT
Background
Alcohol
misuse
is
associated
with
altered
punishment
and
reward
processing.
Here,
we
investigated
neural
network
responses
to
the
molecular
profiles
of
connectivity
features
predicting
alcohol
use
severity
in
young
adults.
Methods
We
curated
Human
Connectome
Project
data
employed
connectome-based
predictive
modeling
(CPM)
examine
how
functional
(FC)
during
wins
losses
981
was
quantified
by
first
principal
component
analysis
all
drinking
measures
Semi-Structured
Assessment
for
Genetics
Alcoholism.
combined
CPM
findings
JuSpace
toolbox
characterize
severity.
Results
The
connectomics
appeared
specific,
comprising
less
than
0.12%
features.
These
connectivities
featured
medial
frontal,
motor/sensory,
cerebellum/brainstem
networks
processing
fronto-parietal,
motor/sensory
Spatial
correlation
analyses
showed
that
these
were
predominantly
serotonergic
GABAa
signaling.
Conclusions
A
distinct
pattern
predicted
adult
drinkers.
“neural
fingerprints”
help
elucidating
impact
on
brain
providing
evidence
new
targets
future
intervention.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 27, 2024
Abstract
Introduction
The
hypothalamus
plays
a
pivotal
role
in
supporting
motivated
behavior,
including
aggression.
Previous
work
suggested
differential
roles
of
the
medial
(MH)
and
lateral
(LH)
aggressive
behaviors,
but
little
is
known
about
how
their
resting-state
functional
connectivity
(rsFC)
may
relate
to
aggression
humans.
Methods
We
employed
data
from
Human
Connectome
Project
(HCP)
examined
rsFC’s
LH
MH
745
young
adults
(393
women).
also
explored
sex
differences
rsFC’s.
processed
imaging
with
published
routines
evaluated
results
voxel-wise
regression
on
score,
as
obtained
Achenbach
Adult
Self
Report,
corrected
threshold.
Results
analysis
revealed
significant
rsFC
between
clusters
middle
temporal
occipital
gyri
across
all
subjects
thalamus
for
men,
both
negative
correlation
score.
Slope
test
confirmed
LH-thalamus
No
was
observed
MH.
Conclusions
These
findings
suggest
rsFCs
manifestation
highlight
need
further
research
into
sex-specific
neural
pathways
other
related
behavioral
traits
importance
mental
health.
Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
38(4), P. 171 - 176
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Abstract
Objective:
The
independent
rôle
of
impulsivity
in
alcoholism
patient’s
suicidality
is
less
elucidated.
In
this
study,
we
intended
to
investigate
how
and
depression
contribute
patients
with
alcohol
use
disorder
(AUD).
Methods:
We
recruited
27
adult
AUD
major
depressive
(AUD
MDD)
33
only
without
MDD).
assessed
suicidality,
severity,
impulsivity,
other
psychiatric
comorbidities.
Suicidality
was
quantified
for
the
frequency
previous
history
suicide
attempts
current
intent/tendency.
Impulsivity
measured
using
Barratt
Impulsiveness
Scale
(BIS).
addressed
contributed
both
indices
multiple
ordinal
regressions.
Results:
Patients
MDD
versus
those
showed
significantly
higher
(
p
<
0.001),
more
severe
0.01),
polysubstance
0.05),
anxiety
comorbidities
BIS
scores
0.001).
a
better-fitting
final
model
regression
stepwise
elimination,
total
score
independently
associated
tendency
0.05)
0.01).
contrast,
Hamilton
Depression
Rating
Scale-17
suicidal
tendencies
but
not
attempts.
Conclusion:
Depressed
relative
nondepressed
individuals
severity
use.
Across
groups,
found
predict
suicidality.
suggest
that
prevention
efforts
may
include
assessment
patients.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 2, 2022
Abstract
Craving
reflects
the
subjective
urge
to
use
drugs
and
can
be
triggered
by
both
positive
negative
emotional
states.
However,
no
studies
have
systematically
investigated
relative
roles
of
these
mechanisms
in
pathophysiology
substance
misuse
or
distinguished
individual
vulnerability
disorders.
In
current
study,
we
performed
meta-analyses
drug
cue-elicited
reactivity
win
loss
processing
monetary
incentive
delay
task
identify
distinct
neural
correlates
appetitive
aversive
responses
during
cue
exposure.
We
then
characterized
seventy-six
alcohol
drinkers
performing
a
craving
fMRI.
Imaging
data
were
processed
according
published
routines.
The
circuit
involved
medial
cortical
regions
ventral
striatum,
insula,
caudate
mid-cingulate
cortex.
observed
significant
correlation
β
estimates
activity
circuit.
individuals
varied
responses.
From
regression
(y)
vs.
(x)
,
identified
participants
top
1/3
each
those
with
(n
=
15)
11)
residuals
as
“approach”
“avoidance”
biotype,
others
“mixed”
biotype
50).
For
clinical
characteristics,
avoidance
showed
higher
sensitivity
punishment.
contrast,
approach
levels
sensation
seeking
expectancy
for
social
physical
pressure.
findings
highlighted
underpinnings
components
substantiated
importance
biotyping
misuse.