Sex differences in the inflammation-depression link: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121, P. 257 - 268

Published: July 30, 2024

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous disorder that affects twice as many women than men. Precluding advances in more tailored and efficacious treatments for depression the lack of reliable biomarkers. While linked to elevations inflammatory immune system functioning, this relationship not evident among all individuals with may vary based on symptom subtypes and/or sex. This systematic review meta-analysis examined whether peripheral markers are sex-specific. PRISMA guidelines were followed review, comprehensive search strategy identified studies from PubMed PsycInfo was applied. Studies included if they reported C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α IL-1β males females depressed healthy adults. We 23 satisfied these inclusion criteria. Random-effects models fit, measures association summarized between levels circulating inflammation females. Sex-based analyses revealed elevated CRP (Cohen's d = 0.19) relative their counterparts (p 0.02), an effect apparent -0.01). Similarly, IL-6 increased compared controls 0.51; p 0.04), but once again found 0.16). TNF-α 0.01), no statistically significant sex differences found. The resulted only three articles, thus, results presented supplemental section. our understanding unique involvement biomarkers men women, which help inform sex-specific treatment approaches future.

Language: Английский

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The Balance in the Head: How Developmental Factors Explain Relationships Between Brain Asymmetries and Mental Diseases

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 169 - 169

Published: Feb. 9, 2025

Cerebral lateralisation is a core organising principle of the brain that characterised by complex pattern hemispheric specialisations and interhemispheric interactions. In various mental disorders, functional and/or structural asymmetries are changed compared to healthy controls, these alterations may contribute primary symptoms cognitive impairments specific disorder. Since multiple genetic epigenetic factors influence both pathogenesis illness development asymmetries, it likely neural developmental pathways overlap or even causally intertwined, although timing, magnitude, direction interactions vary depending on However, underlying steps neuronal mechanisms still unclear. this review article, we briefly summarise what know about structural, functional, relationships outline hypothetical connections, which could be investigated in appropriate animal models. Altered cerebral features disorder, as trigger neuropathogenesis embedded asymmetrical organisation developing brain. Therefore, occurrence severity processing cognition probably cannot understood independently lateralised intra- networks. Conversely, impaired cellular processes can also hinder favourable asymmetry lead deficits particular.

Language: Английский

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The missing hallmark of health: psychosocial adaptation

Cell Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 21 - 50

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The eight biological hallmarks of health that we initially postulated (Cell. 2021 Jan 7;184(1):33-63) include features spatial compartmentalization (integrity barriers, containment local perturbations), maintenance homeostasis over time (recycling & turnover, integration circuitries, rhythmic oscillations) and an array adequate responses to stress (homeostatic resilience, hormetic regulation, repair regeneration). These affect all somatic strata the human body (molecules, organelles, cells, supracellular units, organs, organ systems, systemic circuitries meta-organism). Here postulate mental socioeconomic factors must be added this 8×8 matrix as additional hallmark (“psychosocial adaptation”) stratum interactions”), hence building a 9×9 matrix. Potentially, perturbation each affects psychosocial vice versa. Finally, discuss (patho)physiological bases these interactions their implications for improvement.

Language: Английский

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Clinical pharmacological innovation in the treatment of depression

Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 349 - 362

Published: March 31, 2023

Deficiencies in standard of care antidepressants are driving novel drug discovery. A new age antidepressant medications has emerged with the introduction rapid-acting efficacy treatment-resistant patients.The newly approved medicines and those clinical development for major depressive disorder (MDD) documented this scoping review emerging antidepressants. Compounds evaluated efficacy, tolerability, safety compared to medicines.A discovery relies heavily on glutamatergic mechanisms. New based upon model ketamine have been delivered development. Rapid onset ability impact depression, raises question best first-line patients. Drugs improvements tolerability being investigated (e.g. mGlu2/3 receptor antagonists, AMPA potentiators, NMDA modulators). Multiple companies working toward identification psychedelic drugs where requirement activity is not fully known. Gaps still exist - methods matching patients specific needed, prevention MDD its disease progression need research attention.

Language: Английский

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Stress: Influences and Determinants of Psychopathology

Encyclopedia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 1026 - 1043

Published: June 20, 2024

The stress response is a natural physiological reaction of the organism, elicited to maintain internal environment and evoke adaptive behaviors, ultimately leading survival. However, at turn century, stress-related disorders gained increasing significance. aim entry explore fundamental question when system changes from beneficial detrimental system, contributing higher risk development and/or diseases. To develop context, here, we different concepts reveal complexities, perspectives, multiple relationships between neurochemistry, cerebral functional network, associated pathologies. According literature, affects nearly every biological through close interactions physiological, nervous, endocrine, immune systems faced with real or perceived threat. Considering today’s challenging times, where people are facing unavoidable adversities in their lives level uncertainty never before seen, this review emphasizes importance understanding potential consequences being unable cope stressful events. Susceptibility resilience have recognition as important areas study. literature presented here enhances our identifies causes various psychopathologies, mental health conditions, disabilities, even mortality that closely linked vulnerability stress. Experimental studies recent decades demonstrated many factors affecting ability stress, including differences individuals due genetic background, epigenetic regulation, gender, early-life experiences. Finally, there an urgent need change paradigm modern lifestyles strategy prevent spread “health epidemic 21st century”, which Therefore, acknowledge approaches enhance resilience, focusing on perception, tolerance, positive lifestyle behaviors.

Language: Английский

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Challenges with embedding an integrated sex and gender perspective into pain research: Recommendations and opportunities

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 117, P. 112 - 121

Published: Dec. 23, 2023

The focus of this article, within BBI horizons special issue, is on sex, gender, and pain. We summarise what currently known about sex- gender-related variations in pain, exploring intersectional biological psychosocial mechanisms, highlight gaps knowledge understanding. Five key challenges with the exploration sex gender pain research are presented, relating to: conceptual imprecision, bias, limitations binary descriptions, integrating timely adoption/implementation good practice. Guidance how to overcome such provided. Despite clear evidence for differences there methodological barriers overcome. Innovation methods approach can help develop more effective tailored treatment approaches men, women, boys, girls, gender-diverse people.

Language: Английский

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NAPE-PLD regulates specific baseline affective behaviors but is dispensable for inflammatory hyperalgesia

Neurobiology of Pain, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 100135 - 100135

Published: June 15, 2023

N-acyl-ethanolamine (NAEs) serve as key endogenous lipid mediators revealed by manipulation of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the primary enzyme responsible for metabolizing NAEs. Preclinical studies focused on FAAH or NAE receptors indicate an important role signaling in nociception and affective behaviors. However, there is limited information biosynthesis these same behavioral paradigms. Biosynthesis NAEs has been attributed largely to N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine Phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD), one three pathways capable producing bioactive lipids brain. In this report, we demonstrate that Nape-pld knockout (KO) mice displayed reduced sucrose preference consumption, but other baseline anxiety-like depression-like behaviors were unaltered. Additionally, observed sex-dependent responses thermal measures wildtype (WT) absent KO mice. Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) model inflammatory arthritis, WT exhibited changes paw edema lost was no effect deletion arthritic pain-like (grip force deficit tactile allodynia) either sex, indicating while NAPE-PLD may alter local inflammation, it does not contribute associated with arthritis. Collectively, findings chronic systemic inactivation will likely be well-tolerated, warranting further pharmacological evaluation target disease indications.

Language: Английский

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L-shaped association between leisure-time physical activity and depressive symptoms in individuals with chronic inflammatory airway disease: Data from the NHANES (2007–2018)

Heart & Lung, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 70, P. 263 - 270

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Chronic inflammatory airway diseases (CIAD) are well-known risk factors for depression symptoms. There exists a complex interplay between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and depressive However, the relationship LTPA duration symptoms in CIAD patients remains unclear. This study investigated NHANES data from 2007 to 2018 investigate patients. We collected National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018. Weighted logistic regression was employed analyze correlation Next, with information, similar method also examine association Finally, dose-response explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS) plot. Consistent previous research findings, more prone experiencing of (P < 0.0001). Compared without LTPA, who engage have lower probability Interestingly, we had discovered that there is an l-shaped prevalence (non-linear P = 0.001). threshold effect Within12 h/week, decreases increased LTPA. beyond 12 this no longer exists. Our indicates can increase And over period time negatively correlated symptoms, but only up total h/week.

Language: Английский

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Consumption of dopamine receptor 1 agonist SKF-38393 reduces constant-light-induced hyperactivity, depression-like, and anxiety-like behaviors in a sex specific manner in C57BL/6J mice

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: March 12, 2025

Artificial light exposure during nighttime, including constant (LL), is an increasingly prevalent environmental occurrence linked to impaired mood and cognitive impairments in both humans animal models. Dopamine dopamine 1 receptors are well known modulate circadian rhythms mood. This study investigated the effects of LL on anxiety-like, depressive-like, behaviors male female C57BL/6J mice assessed whether consumption SKF-38393, a receptor agonist, can mitigate these negative behavioral outcomes. Mice were exposed or standard 12:12 light:dark cycle (LD) for 6 weeks, with subgroups receiving either SKF-38393 water. All had their continuously monitored placed within tests that assayed learning memory behaviors. Behavioral assays revealed increased hyperactivity anxiety-like behaviors, which mitigated by sexes. In addition, exhibited anhedonia under LL, was alleviated whereas resistant LL-induced anhedonia. Sex differences emerged fluid independent lighting condition, females consuming more responses DA behavior, novel object recognition exploration. These results indicate low dose oral agonists ameliorate some exposure. highlights complex interplay between chronic light, dopamine, sex influencing suggesting potential modulatory roles regulating outcomes disturbances.

Language: Английский

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Sex-Specific Inflammatory Profiles Affect Neuropsychiatric Issues in COVID-19 Survivors

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 600 - 600

Published: April 18, 2025

Post-COVID syndrome has unveiled intricate connections between inflammation, depressive psychopathology, and cognitive impairment. This study investigates these relationships in 101 COVID-19 survivors, focusing on sex-specific variations. Utilizing path modelling techniques, we analyzed the interplay of a one-month 48-biomarker inflammatory panel, with three-months symptoms performance. The findings indicate that impairment is influenced by both inflammation depression overall cohort. However, prominent differences emerged. In females, lingering imbalance pro- anti-inflammatory responses-likely reflecting long-lasting immune alterations triggered COVID-19-significantly affects functioning shows marginal, though not statistically significant, association symptoms. suggests mixed profile may contribute to outcomes. Conversely, males, was inversely associated severity, protective effects from regulatory mediators (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-15, LIF, TNF-α, β-NGF) against depression. appeared be driven mainly symptoms, minimal influence markers. These results highlight distinct pathways responses post-COVID-19, potentially shaped endocrine mechanisms. suggest persistent foster long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae, possibly through its brain, underscore need for sex-tailored therapeutic strategies address lasting impact COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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