Liquid biopsy at the frontier in renal cell carcinoma: recent analysis of techniques and clinical application

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

Abstract Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a major pathological type of kidney cancer and one the most common malignancies worldwide. The unremarkable symptoms early stages, proneness to postoperative metastasis or recurrence, low sensitivity radiotherapy chemotherapy pose challenge for diagnosis treatment RCC. Liquid biopsy an emerging test that measures patient biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNA/cell-free DNA, RNA, exosomes, tumor-derived metabolites proteins. Owing its non-invasiveness, liquid enables continuous real-time collection information diagnosis, prognostic assessment, monitoring, response evaluation. Therefore, selection appropriate biomarkers crucial identifying high-risk patients, developing personalized therapeutic plans, practicing precision medicine. In recent years, owing rapid development iteration extraction analysis technologies, has emerged as cost, high efficiency, accuracy clinical detection method. Here, we comprehensively review components their applications over past 5 years. Additionally, discuss limitations predict future prospects.

Language: Английский

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Exosomal circRNAs: Novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for urinary tumors

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 588, P. 216759 - 216759

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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A review of the biological role of miRNAs in prostate cancer suppression and progression

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 197, P. 141 - 156

Published: Dec. 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Associating Obesity to Bone Loss

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 521 - 521

Published: Feb. 5, 2023

Obesity is an alarming disease that favors the upset of other illnesses and enhances mortality. It spreading fast worldwide may affect more than 1 billion people by 2030. The imbalance between excessive food ingestion less energy expenditure leads to pathological adipose tissue expansion, characterized increased production proinflammatory mediators with harmful interferences in whole organism. Bone one those target tissues obesity. a mineralized connective constantly renewed maintain its mechanical properties. Osteoblasts are responsible for extracellular matrix synthesis, while osteoclasts resorb damaged bone, osteocytes have regulatory role this process, releasing growth factors proteins. A balanced activity among these actors necessary healthy bone remodeling. In obesity, several mechanisms trigger incorrect remodeling, increasing resorption detriment formation rates. Thus, weight gain represent higher fragility fracture risk. This review highlights recent insights on central related obesity-associated abnormal bone. Publications from last ten years shown main molecular associated obesity loss involve: adipokines osteokines production, oxidative stress, non-coding RNA interference, insulin resistance, changes gut microbiota. data collection unveils new targets prevention putative therapeutic tools against unbalancing metabolism during

Language: Английский

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Nanoarchitectonics-Assisted Simultaneous Fluorescence Detection of Urinary Dual miRNAs for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(19), P. 7676 - 7684

Published: May 2, 2023

Herein, we report a fluorescence strategy for the homogeneous and simultaneous analysis of urine miRNA-375 miRNA-148a. The target miRNAs in bonded devised dumbbell-shaped "C-Ag+-C" "T-Hg2+-T" hairpin structures that could trigger cascade enzyme-free amplification. Then, fluorescent CdTe quantum dots (QDs) carbon (CDs) selectively recognize Ag+ Hg2+, to quantify dual concurrently. Under optimized conditions, linear range was from 0.1 1000 fM limits detection (LOD) reached 30 25 aM, respectively. practicality further evaluated with 45 clinical samples including prostate cancer (PC) other patients, results were consistent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kit ultrasonic pathological findings. receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed estimates area under (AUC) 0.739 serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 0.941 0.946 sensitivity specificity 75 100% 71 94% miRNA-148a, respectively, which better than PSA. This constructed reliable system miRNA proposed new insights into rapid noninvasive diagnosis PC.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles, RNA sequencing, and bioinformatic analyses: Challenges, solutions, and recommendations

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous entities secreted by cells into their microenvironment and systemic circulation. Circulating EVs carry functional small RNAs other molecular footprints from cell of origin, thus have evident applications in liquid biopsy, therapeutics, intercellular communication. Yet, the complete transcriptomic landscape is poorly characterized due to critical limitations including variable protocols used for EV‐RNA extraction, quality control, cDNA library preparation, sequencing technologies, bioinformatic analyses. Consequently, there a gap knowledge need standardized approach delineating EV‐RNAs. Here, we address these gaps describing following points (1) focusing on large canopy particles (EVPs), which includes, but not limited – exosomes EVs, lipoproteins, exomeres/supermeres, mitochondrial‐derived vesicles, RNA binding proteins, cell‐free DNA/RNA/proteins; (2) examining potential roles biogenesis EVPs; (3) discussing various methods technologies uncovering cargoes (4) presenting comprehensive list subtypes reported (5) different databases resources specific species; (6) reviewing established bioinformatics pipelines novel strategies reproducible EV transcriptomics analyses; (7) emphasizing significant gold standard identifying EV‐RNAs across studies; (8) finally, highlight current challenges, discuss possible solutions, present recommendations robust analyses EVP‐associated RNAs. Overall, seek provide clarity landscape, EVP‐RNAs. Detailed portrayal state EVP will lead better understanding how cargo EVPs can be modern targeted diagnostics therapeutics. For inclusion discussed this article, use terms large/small non‐vesicular extracellular (NVEPs), EPs as defined MISEV guidelines International Society Vesicles (ISEV).

Language: Английский

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New techniques to identify the tissue of origin for cancer of unknown primary in the era of precision medicine: progress and challenges

Briefings in Bioinformatics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(2)

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Abstract Despite a standardized diagnostic examination, cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is rare metastatic malignancy with an unidentified tissue origin (TOO). Patients diagnosed CUP are typically treated empiric chemotherapy, although their prognosis worse than those known origin. TOO identification has been employed in precision medicine, and subsequent site-specific therapy clinically helpful. For example, molecular profiling, including genomic gene expression epigenetics proteins, facilitated identification. Moreover, machine learning improved accuracy, non-invasive methods, such as liquid biopsy image omics, gaining momentum. However, the heterogeneity prediction sample requirements technical fundamentals among various techniques noteworthy. Accordingly, we systematically reviewed development limitations novel compared pros cons assessed potential clinical usefulness. Our study may help patients shift from empirical to customized care improve prognoses.

Language: Английский

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Identification of a 9-gene signature to enhance biochemical recurrence prediction in primary prostate cancer: A benchmarking study using ten machine learning methods and twelve patient cohorts

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 588, P. 216739 - 216739

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Nurturing the marriages of urinary liquid biopsies and nano‐diagnostics for precision urinalysis of prostate cancer

Smart Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Prostate cancer remains the second-most common diagnosed in men, despite increasingly widespread use of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening. The controversial clinical implications and cost benefits PSA screening have been highlighted due to its poor specificity, resulting a high rate overdiagnosis underdiagnosis. Thus, development novel biomarkers for prostate detection an intriguing challenge. Urine is emerging as source biomarker discovery. Currently, new urine already outperform diagnosis. Meanwhile, advances nanotechnology provided suite diagnostic tools study more detail, sparking era discoveries. In this review, we envision that future diagnosis will probably integrate multiplex nano-diagnostic approaches detect urinary biomarkers. However, challenges remain differentiating indolent from aggressive cancers better inform treatment decisions, translation still needs be overcome.

Language: Английский

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From Omics to Multi-Omics Approaches for In-Depth Analysis of the Molecular Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(11), P. 6281 - 6281

Published: June 3, 2022

Cancer arises following alterations at different cellular levels, including genetic and epigenetic modifications, transcription translation dysregulation, as well metabolic variations. High-throughput omics technologies that allow one to identify quantify processes involved in these changes are now available have been instrumental generating a wealth of steadily increasing data from patient tumors, liquid biopsies, tumor models. Extensive investigation integration led new biological insights into the origin development multiple cancer types helped unravel molecular networks underlying this complex pathology. The comprehensive quantitative analysis molecule class sample is named large-scale studies addressing prostate stages performed recent years. Prostate tumors represent second leading type prevalent cause death men worldwide. It very heterogenous disease so evaluating inter- intra-tumor differences will be essential for precise insight plasticity, but also personalized therapies. There ample evidence key role androgen receptor, steroid hormone-activated factor, driving early late disease, approval drugs diverse targets along pathway. Early genomic transcriptomic allowed determine genes regulated by signaling or other tumor-relevant pathways. More recently, they supplemented epigenomic, cistromic, proteomic metabolomic analyses, thus, our knowledge on intricate mechanisms involved, various levels regulation their interplay. approaches multi-omics analyses much deeper understanding pathways progression, response resistance This brings hope novel vulnerabilities identified, existing therapies more beneficial targeting population likely respond best, bespoke treatments with increased efficacy soon.

Language: Английский

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