Large stocks of peatland carbon and nitrogen are vulnerable to permafrost thaw

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(34), P. 20438 - 20446

Published: Aug. 10, 2020

Significance Over many millennia, northern peatlands have accumulated large amounts of carbon and nitrogen, thus cooling the global climate. shorter timescales, peatland disturbances can trigger losses peat release greenhouses gases. Despite their importance to climate, remain poorly mapped, vulnerability permafrost warming is uncertain. This study compiles over 7,000 field observations present a data-driven map nitrogen stocks. We use these maps model impact thaw on find that will likely shift greenhouse gas balance peatlands. At present, cool but anthropogenic them into net source warming.

Language: Английский

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Extensive global wetland loss over the past three centuries

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 614(7947), P. 281 - 286

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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Expert assessment of future vulnerability of the global peatland carbon sink

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 70 - 77

Published: Dec. 7, 2020

Language: Английский

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Widespread drying of European peatlands in recent centuries

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 922 - 928

Published: Oct. 21, 2019

Language: Английский

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Rapid expansion of northern peatlands and doubled estimate of carbon storage

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 917 - 921

Published: Oct. 21, 2019

Language: Английский

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Diagnosing spatial biases and uncertainties in global fire emissions inventories: Indonesia as regional case study

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 237, P. 111557 - 111557

Published: Dec. 9, 2019

Models of atmospheric composition rely on fire emissions inventories to reconstruct and project impacts biomass burning air quality, public health, climate, ecosystem dynamics, land-atmosphere exchanges. Many such global use satellite measurements active fires and/or burned area from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). However, differences across in interpretation imagery, factors assumed for different components smoke, adjustments made small obscured can result large regional estimates inventories. Using Google Earth Engine, we leverage 15 years (2003–2017) MODIS observations 6 (2012–2017) higher spatial resolution Visible Infrared Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensor develop metrics quantify five major sources bias or uncertainty inventories: (1) primary reliance versus area, (2) cloud/haze burden ability satellites "see" fires, (3) fragmentation (4) roughness topography, (5) which are challenging detect. Based all these uncertainties, devise comprehensive "relative confidence scores," mapped globally at 0.25° × over 2003–2017. We then focus activity Indonesia as a case study analyze how choice inventory affects model smoke-induced health Equatorial Asia. adjoint GEOS-Chem chemical transport apply particulate organic carbon black (OC + BC smoke) Global Fire Emissions Database (GFEDv4s), Inventory NCAR (FINNv1.5), Assimilation System (GFASv1.2), Quick Dataset (QFEDv2.5r1), Energetics Research (FEERv1.0-G1.2). find that modeled monthly smoke PM2.5 Singapore 2003 2016 correlates with observed PM2.5, r ranging 0.64–0.84 depending inventory. during season (July October) high intensity (e.g., 2006 2015), magnitude mean Jul-Oct differ by >20 μg m−3 (>500%). relative metrics, deduce uncertainties this region arise primarily small, fragmented landscape very poor observing conditions due clouds thick haze time year. Indeed, using GFASv1.2, adjusts accounts peatland emissions, is most consistent Singapore, well Malaysia Indonesia. Finally, an online app called FIRECAM end-users The diagnoses among gauges associated satellite-observed basis.

Language: Английский

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Increasing contribution of peatlands to boreal evapotranspiration in a warming climate

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 555 - 560

Published: May 11, 2020

Language: Английский

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Future impacts of climate change on inland Ramsar wetlands

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 45 - 51

Published: Nov. 2, 2020

Language: Английский

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Digital mapping of peatlands – A critical review

Earth-Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 196, P. 102870 - 102870

Published: May 30, 2019

Language: Английский

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Conversion of coastal wetlands, riparian wetlands, and peatlands increases greenhouse gas emissions: A global meta‐analysis

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1638 - 1653

Published: Nov. 22, 2019

Abstract Land‐use/land‐cover change (LULCC) often results in degradation of natural wetlands and affects the dynamics greenhouse gases (GHGs). However, magnitude changes GHG emissions from undergoing various LULCC types remains unclear. We conducted a global meta‐analysis with database 209 sites to examine effects constructed (CWs), croplands (CLs), aquaculture ponds (APs), drained (DWs), pastures (PASs) on variability CO 2 , CH 4 N O coastal wetlands, riparian peatlands. Our showed that were net sinks atmospheric sources O, exhibiting capacity mitigate due negative comprehensive warming potentials (GWPs; −0.9 −8.7 t ‐eq ha −1 year ). Relative all (except CWs wetlands) decreased uptake by 69.7%−456.6%, higher increase ecosystem respiration relative slight gross primary production. The APs significantly increased compared those wetlands. All associated emissions. When peatlands converted PASs, increased. CLs, as well DWs peatlands, As result, PASs led remarkably GWPs 65.4%−2,948.8%, fluxes was mainly sensitive soil water content, table, salinity, nitrogen pH, bulk density. This study highlights significant role increasing our are useful for improving future models manipulative experiments.

Language: Английский

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