Functional connectomics reveals general wiring rule in mouse visual cortex DOI Creative Commons
Zhuokun Ding, Paul G. Fahey, Stelios Papadopoulos

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 640(8058), P. 459 - 469

Published: April 9, 2025

Abstract Understanding the relationship between circuit connectivity and function is crucial for uncovering how brain computes. In mouse primary visual cortex, excitatory neurons with similar response properties are more likely to be synaptically connected 1–8 ; however, broader rules remain unknown. Here we leverage millimetre-scale MICrONS dataset analyse synaptic functional of across cortical layers areas. Our results reveal that preferentially within areas—including feedback connections—supporting universality ‘like-to-like’ hierarchy. Using a validated digital twin model, separated neuronal tuning into feature (what respond to) spatial (receptive field location) components. We found only component predicts fine-scale connections beyond what could explained by proximity axons dendrites. also discovered higher-order rule whereby postsynaptic neuron cohorts downstream presynaptic cells show greater similarity than predicted pairwise like-to-like rule. Recurrent neural networks trained on simple classification task develop patterns mirror both rules, magnitudes those in data. Ablation studies these recurrent disrupting impairs performance random connections. These findings suggest principles may have role sensory processing learning, highlighting shared biological artificial systems.

Language: Английский

Anipose: A toolkit for robust markerless 3D pose estimation DOI Creative Commons
Pierre Karashchuk, Katie L. Rupp, Evyn S Dickinson

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(13), P. 109730 - 109730

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Quantifying movement is critical for understanding animal behavior. Advances in computer vision now enable markerless tracking from 2D video, but most animals move 3D. Here, we introduce Anipose, an open-source toolkit robust 3D pose estimation. Anipose built on the method DeepLabCut, so users can expand their existing experimental setups to obtain accurate tracking. It consists of four components: (1) a calibration module, (2) filters resolve errors, (3) triangulation module that integrates temporal and spatial regularization, (4) pipeline structure processing large numbers videos. We evaluate board as well mice, flies, humans. By analyzing leg kinematics tracked with identify key role joint rotation motor control fly walking. To help get started tracking, provide tutorials documentation at http://anipose.org/.

Language: Английский

Citations

201
Neuronal wiring diagram of an adult brain DOI Creative Commons
Sven Dorkenwald, Arie Matsliah, Amy Sterling

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 634(8032), P. 124 - 138

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

139
Neuronal wiring diagram of an adult brain DOI Creative Commons
Sven Dorkenwald, Arie Matsliah, Amy Sterling

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 30, 2023

Abstract Connections between neurons can be mapped by acquiring and analyzing electron microscopic (EM) brain images. In recent years, this approach has been applied to chunks of brains reconstruct local connectivity maps that are highly informative, yet inadequate for understanding function more globally. Here, we present the first neuronal wiring diagram a whole adult brain, containing 5×10 7 chemical synapses ∼130,000 reconstructed from female Drosophila melanogaster . The resource also incorporates annotations cell classes types, nerves, hemilineages, predictions neurotransmitter identities. Data products available download, programmatic access, interactive browsing made interoperable with other fly data resources. We show how derive projectome, map projections regions, connectome. demonstrate tracing synaptic pathways analysis information flow inputs (sensory ascending neurons) outputs (motor, endocrine, descending neurons), across both hemispheres, central optic lobes. Tracing subset photoreceptors all way motor illustrates structure uncover putative circuit mechanisms underlying sensorimotor behaviors. technologies open ecosystem FlyWire Consortium set stage future large-scale connectome projects in species.

Language: Английский

Citations

134
Volume electron microscopy DOI
Christopher J. Peddie, Christel Genoud, Anna Kreshuk

et al.

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: July 7, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

124
Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster DOI Creative Commons
Nils Eckstein, Alexander Shakeel Bates, Andrew Champion

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(10), P. 2574 - 2594.e23

Published: May 1, 2024

High-resolution electron microscopy of nervous systems has enabled the reconstruction synaptic connectomes. However, we do not know sign for each connection (i.e., whether a is excitatory or inhibitory), which implied by released transmitter. We demonstrate that artificial neural networks can predict transmitter types presynapses from micrographs: network trained to six transmitters (acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, serotonin, dopamine, octopamine) achieves an accuracy 87% individual synapses, 94% neurons, and 91% known cell across D. melanogaster whole brain. visualize ultrastructural features used prediction, discovering subtle but significant differences between phenotypes. also analyze distributions brain find neurons develop together largely express only one fast-acting GABA). hope our publicly available predictions act as accelerant neuroscientific hypothesis generation fly.

Language: Английский

Citations

115
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells ingest axons in the mouse neocortex DOI Creative Commons
JoAnn Buchanan, Leila Elabbady, Forrest Collman

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(48)

Published: Nov. 23, 2022

Neurons in the developing brain undergo extensive structural refinement as nascent circuits adopt their mature form. This physical transformation of neurons is facilitated by engulfment and degradation axonal branches synapses surrounding glial cells, including microglia astrocytes. However, small size phagocytic organelles complex, highly ramified morphology glia have made it difficult to define contribution these other cell types this crucial process. Here, we used large-scale, serial section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with computational volume segmentation reconstruct complete 3D morphologies distinct mouse visual cortex, providing unprecedented resolution composition. Unexpectedly, discovered that fine processes oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), a population abundant, dynamic progenitors, frequently surrounded axons. Numerous phagosomes phagolysosomes (PLs) containing fragments axons vesicular structures were present inside processes, suggesting OPCs engage axon pruning. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing from cortex revealed express key genes at stage, well neuronal transcripts, consistent active engulfment. Although are thought be responsible for majority synaptic pruning refinement, PLs ten times more abundant than markedly less newly generated oligodendrocytes, contribute substantially during cortical development.

Language: Английский

Citations

104
A searchable image resource of Drosophila GAL4 driver expression patterns with single neuron resolution DOI Creative Commons
Geoffrey W. Meissner, Aljoscha Nern, Zachary Dorman

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Precise, repeatable genetic access to specific neurons via GAL4/UAS and related methods is a key advantage of

Language: Английский

Citations

85
Interactions of glial cells with neuronal synapses, from astrocytes to microglia and oligodendrocyte lineage cells DOI Creative Commons
Yao Liu, Xi Shen, Yuhan Zhang

et al.

Glia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 71(6), P. 1383 - 1401

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Abstract The mammalian brain is a complex organ comprising neurons, glia, and more than 1 × 10 14 synapses. Neurons are heterogeneous group of electrically active cells, which form the framework circuitry brain. However, glial primarily divided into astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes (OLs), oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), constitute approximately half all neural in central nervous system (CNS) mainly provide nutrition tropic support to neurons In last two decades, concept “tripartite synapses” has drawn great attention, emphasizes that astrocytes an integral part synapse regulate neuronal activity feedback manner after receiving signals. Since then, synaptic modulation by been extensively studied substantially revised. this review, we summarize latest significant findings on how particular, microglia OL lineage impact remodel structure function synapses Our review highlights cellular molecular aspects neuron‐glia crosstalk provides additional information aberrant communication between glia may contribute pathologies.

Language: Английский

Citations

73
Volume EM: a quiet revolution takes shape DOI Creative Commons
Lucy Collinson, Carles Bosch, Anwen Bullen

et al.

Nature Methods, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 777 - 782

Published: April 19, 2023

Volume electron microscopy (vEM) is a group of techniques that reveal the 3D ultrastructure cells and tissues through continuous depths at least 1 micrometer. A burgeoning grassroots community effort fast building profile revealing impact vEM technology in life sciences clinical research.

Language: Английский

Citations

65
Ascending neurons convey behavioral state to integrative sensory and action selection brain regions DOI Creative Commons
Chin‐Lin Chen, Florian Aymanns, Ryo Minegishi

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 682 - 695

Published: March 23, 2023

Knowing one's own behavioral state has long been theorized as critical for contextualizing dynamic sensory cues and identifying appropriate future behaviors. Ascending neurons (ANs) in the motor system that project to brain are well positioned provide such signals. However, what ANs encode where they convey these signals remains largely unknown. Here, through large-scale functional imaging behaving animals morphological quantification, we report encoding targeting of hundreds genetically identifiable adult fly, Drosophila melanogaster. We reveal states, specifically conveying self-motion anterior ventrolateral protocerebrum, an integrative hub, discrete actions gnathal ganglia, a locus action selection. Additionally, AN projection patterns within predictive their encoding. Thus, ascending populations poised inform distinct hubs ongoing behaviors may important substrate computations required adaptive behavior.

Language: Английский

Citations

45