JiGuCao capsule formula alleviates metabolic fatty liver disease by regulating the gut–liver axis and lipid metabolism DOI Creative Commons
Wenying Qi, Xu Cao,

Yue Chen

et al.

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 140, P. 156559 - 156559

Published: March 5, 2025

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a prevalent chronic condition globally, characterized by suboptimal treatment outcomes. Traditional therapies often fail to address the multifaceted pathogenesis of MAFLD, which involves lipid metabolism, inflammation, and gut-liver axis dysregulation. JiGuCao Capsule formula (JCF), patented Chinese medicine, has demonstrated clinical efficacy in treatment, indicating its potential as new therapeutic option for MAFLD. This study aimed investigate effects underlying mechanisms JCF treating particularly focusing on impact pathology, intestinal health, gut microbiota composition. A MAFLD mouse model was developed administering high-fat diet 5% fructose water 16 weeks. At week 8, mice exhibited significant steatosis, insulin resistance. Fifty were allocated into two groups: normal (ND) group with 19 feed (HFD) 31 mice. Seven from each sacrificed at 8 serological histopathological assessments. The remaining ND (n = 6), HFD + JCFL (human equivalent dose,780 mg/kg, n JCFH (threefold human dose, 2340 Polyene Phosphatidylcholine (PPC) dose,177.84 6) ND+ groups. Daily gavage started 9. 16, after fasting, body weight recorded, euthanized pentobarbital sodium. Mouse tissues feces collected histopathological, molecular biological, multi-omics analyses. effectively slowed progression decreasing hepatic accumulation inflammation. Treatment significantly reduced triglycerides inflammatory markers, including TNF-α IL-6. enhanced repaired barrier, lowered cytokines intestines, indicated serum LPS restored tight junction proteins expression, such claudin-1 occludin. Fecal analysis that elevated Lactobacillus levels Colidextribacter levels, correlating metabolic profiles. primary bioactive compounds identified responsible these betulinic acid, cholic deoxycholic oleanolic pectolinarigenin. Transcriptomic showed regulated key pathways involved pparγ-cd36 modulation ox-LDL levels. results indicate mitigates influencing metabolism. alleviates modulating Its involve improving barrier function, regulating microbiota, targeting axis. Active like acid support potential. shows promise novel further studies needed.

Language: Английский

What defines a healthy gut microbiome? DOI
Matthias Van Hul, Patrice D. Cani, Camille Petitfils

et al.

Gut, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(11), P. 1893 - 1908

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

The understanding that changes in microbiome composition can influence chronic human diseases and the efficiency of therapies has driven efforts to develop microbiota-centred such as first next generation probiotics, prebiotics postbiotics, microbiota editing faecal transplantation. Central research is how disease impacts vice versa, yet there a problematic issue with term 'dysbiosis', which broadly links microbial imbalances various illnesses without precision or definition. Another significant discussions defining 'healthy individuals' ascertain what characterises healthy microbiome. This involves questioning who represents healthiest segment our population-whether it those free from illnesses, athletes at peak performance, individuals living healthily through regular exercise good nutrition even elderly adults centenarians have been tested by time achieved remarkable longevity.This review advocates for delineating 'what defines microbiome?' considering broader range factors related health environmental influences on microbiota. A undoubtedly linked gut health. Nevertheless, very difficult pinpoint universally accepted definition 'gut health' due complexities measuring functionality besides composition. We must take into account individual variabilities, diet, lifestyle, host factors. Moreover, challenge distinguishing causation correlation between overall presented.The also highlights resource-heavy nature comprehensive assessments, hinders their practicality broad application. Finally, we call continued nuanced approach better understand intricate evolving concept health, emphasising need more precise inclusive definitions methodologies studying

Language: Английский

Citations

43
Selective utilization of medicinal polysaccharides by human gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides species DOI Creative Commons
Zepeng Qu, Hongbin Liu,

Yang Ji

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Human gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides species play crucial roles in human health are known for their capacity to utilize diverse polysaccharides. Understanding how these bacteria medicinal polysaccharides is foundational developing polysaccharides-based prebiotics drugs. Here, we systematically mapped the utilization profiles of 20 different by 28 species. The growth exhibited substantial variation across bacterial Ginseng promoted multiple species; contrast, Dendrobium selectively uniformis. This distinct profile was associated with genomic carbohydrate-active enzymes, rather than monosaccharides composition among Through comparative transcriptomics genetical manipulation, validated that polysaccharide locus PUL34_Bu enabled uniformis (i.e. glucomannan). In addition, found GH26 enzyme allowed plant-derived mannan. Overall, our results revealed selective provided insights into use engineering microbiome. authors characterize species, revealing variability responses, which they link differences enzymes.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
The association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study DOI Creative Commons
Yangyang Zheng,

Jinhui Hou,

Shiqi Guo

et al.

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

The relationship between the gut microbiome and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has garnered increasing attention. However, association dietary index for microbiota (DI-GM), a measure of diversity, MAFLD yet to be fully explored. Data from 2017-2020 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed, including 7243 participants. DI-GM was investigated using weighted logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), subgroup analyses. A notable inverse identified prevalence MAFLD, with each 1-point increase in corresponding 6.1% reduction (OR = 0.939, 95% CI: 0.901-0.980). Individuals score 6 or higher had an adjusted OR 0.794 (95% 0.665-0.947) compared those 0-3. RCS analysis further revealed linear risk. Additionally, analyses suggested that race may modify (P interaction < 0.05). is inversely associated prevalence, appears significant modifier this relationship.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Gut–X axis DOI Creative Commons
Lin Xu, Yu Zhang, Xueyan Li

et al.

iMeta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Recent advances in understanding the modulatory functions of gut and microbiota on human diseases facilitated our focused attention contribution to pathophysiological alterations many extraintestinal organs, including liver, heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, bone, skin, reproductive, endocrine systems. In this review, we applied “gut–X axis” concept describe linkages between other organs discussed latest findings related axis,” underlying mechanisms potential clinical intervention strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The central role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology and management of type 2 diabetes DOI

Daniel P Baars,

Marcos F. Fondevila, Abraham S. Meijnikman

et al.

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(8), P. 1280 - 1300

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Bacteroides fragilis alleviates necrotizing enterocolitis through restoring bile acid metabolism balance using bile salt hydrolase and inhibiting FXR-NLRP3 signaling pathway DOI Creative Commons
Zhenhui Chen, Huijuan Chen,

Wanwen Huang

et al.

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: July 16, 2024

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants with no specific treatments available. We aimed to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying NEC investigate therapeutic effects Bacteroides fragilis on NEC. Clinical samples infant feces, bile acid-targeted metabolomics, pathological staining, bioinformatics analysis, rat model, co-immunoprecipitation were used explore pathogenesis Taxonomic characterization salt hydrolase (bsh) gene, enzyme activity assays, 16S rRNA sequencing, organoids B. NEC-related intestinal damage. samples, models, vitro experiments revealed that total acid increased blood but decreased feces. Moreover, levels FXR other metabolism-related genes abnormal, resulting disordered metabolism Taurochenodeoxycholic accelerated taurodeoxycholate alleviated displayed bsh damage by restoring gut microbiota dysbiosis abnormalities inhibiting FXR-NLRP3 signaling pathway. Our results provide valuable insights into role Administering may substantially alleviate

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Bacteroides uniformis degrades β-glucan to promote Lactobacillus johnsonii improving indole-3-lactic acid levels in alleviating colitis DOI Creative Commons

Shanshan Zhang,

Qixing Nie,

Yonggan Sun

et al.

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

12
The role of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in intestinal inflammation DOI
Wenwen Ma, Zhiqiang Huang, Kun Liu

et al.

Microbiological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 288, P. 127838 - 127838

Published: July 15, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Gut microbiota-derived fatty acid and sterol metabolites: biotransformation and immunomodulatory functions DOI Creative Commons

Haohao Zhang,

Yadong Xie, Fei Cao

et al.

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: July 24, 2024

Commensal microorganisms in the human gut produce numerous metabolites by using small molecules derived from host or diet as precursors. Host dietary lipid are involved energy metabolism and maintaining structural integrity of cell membranes. Notably, microbes can convert these lipids into bioactive signaling through their biotransformation synthesis pathways. These microbiota-derived affect physiology influencing body's immune metabolic processes. This review aims to summarize recent advances microbial transformation immunomodulatory functions metabolites, with a special focus on fatty acids steroids produced our microbiota.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Gut Microbiota at the Crossroad of Hepatic Oxidative Stress and MASLD DOI Creative Commons
Fabrizio Termite,

S. Archilei,

Francesca D’Ambrosio

et al.

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 56 - 56

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent chronic condition marked by excessive lipid accumulation in hepatic tissue. This disorder can lead to range of pathological outcomes, including metabolic steatohepatitis (MASH) and cirrhosis. Despite extensive research, the molecular mechanisms driving MASLD initiation progression remain incompletely understood. Oxidative stress peroxidation are pivotal "multiple parallel hit model", contributing cell death tissue damage. Gut microbiota plays substantial role modulating oxidative through multiple pathways: impairing intestinal barrier, which results bacterial translocation inflammation; modifying bile acid structure, impacts signaling cascades involved lipidic metabolism; influencing hepatocytes' ferroptosis, form programmed death; regulating trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) activating platelet function, both recently identified as pathogenetic factors MASH progression. Moreover, various exogenous impact gut its involvement MASLD-related stress, such air pollution, physical activity, cigarette smoke, alcohol, dietary patterns. manuscript aims provide state-of-the-art overview focused on intricate interplay between microbiota, peroxidation, pathogenesis, offering insights into potential strategies prevent associated complications.

Language: Английский

Citations

1