The epigenetic hallmarks of immune cells in cancer

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 5, 2025

Targeting the dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms in cancer has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Although significant rationale progress therapies blocking cells, how regulation shapes tumor microenvironment (TME) and establishes antitumor immunity remains less understood. Recent study focus been put on epigenetic-mediated changes fate immune including differentiation, expansion, recruitment, functionalization, exhaustion T natural killer (NK) tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells (DCs), myeloid-derived suppressor (MDSCs), B within TME. Here, we review latest molecular clinical insights into DNA modifications, histone modification, epitranscriptome-related regulations shape various cancers. We also discuss opportunities for leveraging to improve immunotherapies. This provides foundations proposes future direction combination therapies.

Language: Английский

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Functional tumor-derived exosomes in NSCLC progression and clinical implications

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 19, 2025

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all cases and remains one the leading causes cancer-related mortality worldwide. The high rate is primarily driven by delayed diagnosis, rapid metastasis, frequent recurrence. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) have emerged as critical mediators in NSCLC progression, offering valuable insights into tumor microenvironment. Exosomes are small membrane vesicles that facilitate intercellular communication transport bioactive molecules, including proteins, RNAs, DNAs, thereby reflecting genetic complexity tumors. These play a key role promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), neovascularization, drug resistance, immune evasion, which pivotal development NSCLC. This review explores diverse roles TEXs focusing on their involvement pre-metastatic niche formation, tissue modulation. Specifically, we discuss exosome-associated RNAs proteins NSCLC, contribute to growth metastasis. Furthermore, explore potential biomarkers emphasizing application prognosis, prediction resistance targeted therapies immunotherapies.

Language: Английский

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New Strategies for Macrophage Re-Education in Cancer: An Update

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3414 - 3414

Published: March 18, 2024

The association between cancer and inflammation is well established. Chronic represents a fundamental step in the development progression of some types cancer. Tumors are composed heterogeneous population infiltrating cells including macrophages, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, granulocytes, mast cells, which respond to signals from microenvironment and, turn, produce cytokines, chemokines, transcription factors, receptors, miRNAs. Recent data demonstrate that, addition classical (M1) alternative (M2) macrophage subtypes, there many intermediate subtypes that potentially play different roles response environmental stimuli. infiltrated by macrophages called TAMs mainly display an M2-like phenotype tumor growth-permissive activities. There bidirectional interaction tumor-infiltrating determines polarization ultimately or regression. These complex interactions still unclear but understanding them for new therapeutic strategies. Re-educating tumor-permissive into anti-tumor focus research. This review aims analyze most recent articles investigating interplay tumors, TAMs, strategies re-educating macrophages.

Language: Английский

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Interplay between JAK/STAT pathway and non-coding RNAs in Different Cancers

Non-coding RNA Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 1009 - 1022

Published: April 7, 2024

Progress in the identification of core multi-protein modules within JAK/STAT pathway has enabled researchers to develop a better understanding linchpin role deregulated signaling cascade carcinogenesis and metastasis. More excitingly, complex interplay between non-coding RNAs been shown reprogramme outcome modulate immunological responses tumor microenvironment. Wealth information comprehensively illustrated that most this complexity regulates re-shaping responses. Increasingly sophisticated mechanistic insights have illuminated fundamental STAT-signaling polarization macrophages M2 phenotype promotes disease aggressiveness. Overall, drives different stages cancer ranging from metastasis reshaping also found play regulation infiltration activity natural killer cells CD4/CD8 by PD-L1/PD-1 signaling. In review, we attempted set spotlight on microRNAs, long circular primary tumors metastasizing tumors. Therefore, existing knowledge gaps need be addressed propel fledgling field research forefront bring lncRNAs circRNAs frontline clinical practice. Leveraging growing momentum will enable interdisciplinary gain transition segmented view fairly detailed conceptual continuum.

Language: Английский

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LINC00330/CCL2 axis-mediated ESCC TAM reprogramming affects tumor progression

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: May 20, 2024

Abstract Background Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly influence the progression, metastasis, and recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aberrant expression long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ESCC has been established, yet role lncRNAs TAM reprogramming during progression remains largely unexplored. Methods TAM-related were identified by intersecting differentially expressed with immune-related performing immune infiltration analysis. profile clinical relevance LINC00330 examined using TCGA database samples. overexpression interference sequences constructed to evaluate effect on progression. Single-cell sequencing data, CIBERSORTx, GEPIA utilized analyze within tumor microenvironment assess correlation between infiltration. ESCC-macrophage coculture experiments conducted investigate its subsequent interaction C–C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) was confirmed through transcriptomic sequencing, subcellular localization analysis, RNA pulldown, silver staining, immunoprecipitation, other experiments. Results is downregulated tissues strongly associated poor patient outcomes. Overexpression inhibits including proliferation, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, tumorigenicity vivo. promotes reprogramming, LINC00330-mediated binds CCL2 protein downstream signaling pathways. critical for Conclusions inhibited disrupting CCL2/CCR2 axis pathways an autocrine fashion; impeding CCL2-mediated a paracrine manner. new mechanism mediated LINC00330/CCL2 may provide potential strategies targeted immunocombination therapies patients ESCC. Graphical

Language: Английский

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A review of molecular interplay between inflammation and cancer: The role of lncRNAs in pathogenesis and therapeutic potential

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 142824 - 142824

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Exosomes, autophagy, and cancer: A complex triad

International Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

Abstract Cancer remains one of the leading causes death worldwide. Despite remarkable progress in prevention, diagnosis, and therapy, incidence certain types cancer persists, urging identification clinically relevant biomarkers development novel therapeutic strategies to improve clinical outcomes overcome treatment resistance. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles released by diverse cells, have attracted interest biomedical research due their potential as carriers for different treatments. Moreover, exosomes play a pivotal role intercellular communication, modulating various cellular processes. One those is autophagy, pro‐survival pathway that essential human cells. Even though autophagy traditionally described catabolic route, its machinery intricately involved responses, including vesicle formation secretion. In this regard, link between complex, bidirectional, highly dependent on context. Interestingly, both processes been extensively implicated pathogenesis, highlighting targets. This review updates our understanding how can participate progression, with specific focus influence tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis. Additionally, interplay these minutely reviewed discussed, we hypothesize crosstalk may hold valuable clues biomarker discovery strategies.

Language: Английский

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SNHG16 suppression enhances M2 macrophage polarization and inhibits VSMC migration in atherosclerosis

Acta Histochemica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 127(2), P. 152248 - 152248

Published: May 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Nsclc-derived exosomal hsa_circ_0003026 promotes tumor growth through macrophage M2 polarization via hsa-miR-1183/XRN2 axis

Gene, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 149557 - 149557

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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LncRNAs as behind-the-scenes molecules in cancer progression through regulating tumor-associated innate immune system cells

Molecular Biology Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(1)

Published: May 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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