Neuron,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
100(3), P. 651 - 668.e8
Published: Sept. 20, 2018
The
behavioral
response
to
a
sensory
stimulus
may
depend
on
both
learned
and
innate
neuronal
representations.
How
these
circuits
interact
produce
appropriate
behavior
is
unknown.
In
Drosophila,
the
lateral
horn
(LH)
mushroom
body
(MB)
are
thought
mediate
olfactory
behavior,
respectively,
although
LH
function
has
not
been
tested
directly.
Here
we
identify
two
cell
types
(PD2a1
PD2b1)
that
receive
input
from
an
MB
output
neuron
required
for
recall
of
aversive
memories.
These
neurons
memory
retrieval
modulated
by
training.
Connectomics
data
demonstrate
PD2a1
PD2b1
also
direct
food
odor-encoding
neurons.
Consistent
with
this,
necessary
unlearned
attraction
some
odors,
indicating
have
dual
role.
This
provides
circuit
mechanism
which
information
can
in
identified
behavior.
VIDEO
ABSTRACT.
Cell Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
26(5), P. 719 - 737.e6
Published: Sept. 29, 2017
Elevated
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
induce
the
formation
of
lipids
in
neurons
that
are
transferred
to
glia,
where
they
form
lipid
droplets
(LDs).
We
show
glial
and
neuronal
monocarboxylate
transporters
(MCTs),
fatty
acid
transport
proteins
(FATPs),
apolipoproteins
critical
for
LD
formation.
MCTs
enable
glia
secrete
absorb
lactate,
which
is
converted
pyruvate
acetyl-CoA
neurons.
Lactate
metabolites
provide
a
substrate
synthesis
acids,
processed
by
FATP
apolipoproteins.
In
presence
high
ROS,
inhibiting
lactate
transfer
or
lowering
apolipoprotein
levels
decreases
accumulation
flies
primary
mouse
glial-neuronal
cultures.
human
APOE
can
substitute
fly
APOE4,
an
Alzheimer's
disease
susceptibility
allele,
impaired
promotes
neurodegeneration,
providing
insights
into
mechanisms.
Here,
we
document
a
collection
of
∼7434
MiMIC
(Minos
Mediated
Integration
Cassette)
insertions
which
2854
are
inserted
in
coding
introns.
They
allowed
us
to
create
library
400
GFP-tagged
genes.
We
show
that
72%
internally
tagged
proteins
functional,
and
more
than
90%
can
be
imaged
unfixed
tissues.
Moreover,
the
mRNAs
knocked
down
by
RNAi
against
GFP
(iGFPi),
efficiently
deGradFP
technology.
The
phenotypes
associated
with
RNA
protein
knockdown
typically
correspond
severe
loss
function
or
null
mutant
phenotypes.
Finally,
demonstrate
reversible,
spatial,
temporal
larvae
adult
flies.
This
new
strategy
strains
allows
unprecedented
vivo
manipulations
flies
for
many
These
strategies
will
likely
extend
vertebrates.
We
generated
a
library
of
~1000
Drosophila
stocks
in
which
we
inserted
construct
the
intron
genes
allowing
expression
GAL4
under
control
endogenous
promoters
while
arresting
transcription
with
polyadenylation
signal
3'
GAL4.
This
allows
numerous
applications.
First,
~90%
insertions
essential
cause
severe
loss-of-function
phenotype,
an
effective
way
to
mutagenize
genes.
Interestingly,
12/14
chromosomes
engineered
through
CRISPR
do
not
carry
second-site
lethal
mutations.
Second,
26/36
(70%)
tested
are
rescued
single
UAS-cDNA
construct.
Third,
phenotypes
associated
many
can
be
reverted
by
excision
UAS-flippase.
Fourth,
driven
UAS-GFP/RFP
reports
tissue
and
cell-type
specificity
gene
high
sensitivity.
report
hundreds
previously
reported.
Finally,
cassettes
replaced
GFP
or
any
DNA.
These
comprise
powerful
resource
for
assessing
function.
The
anatomy
of
many
neural
circuits
is
being
characterized
with
increasing
resolution,
but
their
molecular
properties
remain
mostly
unknown.
Here,
we
characterize
gene
expression
patterns
in
distinct
cell
types
the
Drosophila
visual
system
using
genetic
lines
to
access
individual
types,
TAPIN-seq
method
measure
transcriptomes,
and
a
probabilistic
interpret
these
measurements.
We
used
tools
build
resource
high-resolution
transcriptomes
for
100
driver
covering
67
available
at
http://www.opticlobe.com.
Combining
recently
reported
connectomes
helps
how
information
transmitted
processed
across
range
scales,
from
synapses
circuit
pathways.
describe
examples
that
include
identifying
neurotransmitters,
including
cases
apparent
co-release,
generating
functional
hypotheses
based
on
receptor
expression,
as
well
strong
commonalities
between
different
types.
Genetics,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
209(1), P. 31 - 35
Published: March 13, 2018
Abstract
The
ability
to
reproducibly
target
expression
of
transgenes
small,
defined
subsets
cells
is
a
key
experimental
tool
for
understanding
many
biological
processes.
Drosophila
nervous
system
contains
thousands
distinct
cell
types
and
it
has
generally
not
been
possible
limit
one
or
few
when
using
single
segment
genomic
DNA
as
an
enhancer
drive
expression.
Intersectional
methods,
in
which
the
transgene
only
occurs
where
two
different
enhancers
overlap
their
patterns,
can
be
used
achieve
desired
specificity.
This
report
describes
set
over
2800
transgenic
lines
use
with
split-GAL4
intersectional
method.
Genetics,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
208(1), P. 1 - 18
Published: Jan. 1, 2018
Abstract
Drosophila
has
long
been
a
premier
model
for
the
development
and
application
of
cutting-edge
genetic
approaches.
The
CRISPR-Cas
system
now
adds
ability
to
manipulate
genome
with
ease
precision,
providing
rich
toolbox
interrogate
relationships
between
genotype
phenotype,
delineate
visualize
how
is
organized,
illuminate
RNA,
pioneer
new
gene
drive
technologies.
Myriad
transformative
approaches
have
already
originated
from
system,
which
will
likely
continue
spark
creation
tools
diverse
applications.
Here,
we
provide
an
overview
editing
revolutionized
analysis
in
highlight
key
areas
future
advances.
