Adipose tissue lipid metabolism: lipolysis

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 102114 - 102114

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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microRNA-33 controls hunger signaling in hypothalamic AgRP neurons

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 8, 2024

Abstract AgRP neurons drive hunger, and excessive nutrient intake is the primary driver of obesity associated metabolic disorders. While many factors impacting central regulation feeding behavior have been established, role microRNAs in this process poorly understood. Utilizing unique mouse models, we demonstrate that miR-33 plays a critical neurons, loss leads to increased feeding, obesity, dysfunction mice. These effects include multiple target genes involved mitochondrial biogenesis fatty acid metabolism. Our findings elucidate key regulatory pathway regulated by non-coding RNA impacts hunger controlling bioenergetic processes with activation providing alternative therapeutic approaches modulate diseases.

Language: Английский

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Sarcopenia and cachexia: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions

MedComm, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Sarcopenia is defined as a muscle‐wasting syndrome that occurs with accelerated aging, while cachexia severe wasting associated conditions such cancer and immunodeficiency disorders, which cannot be fully addressed through conventional nutritional supplementation. can considered component of cachexia, the bidirectional interplay between adipose tissue skeletal muscle potentially serving molecular mechanism for both conditions. However, underlying mechanisms differ. Recognizing distinctions these disorders essential advancing basic translational research in this area, enhancing diagnostic accuracy ultimately achieving effective therapeutic solutions affected patients. This review discusses microenvironment's changes contributing to conditions, recent approaches like lifestyle modifications, small molecules, interventions, emerging strategies gene editing, stem cell therapy, gut microbiome modulation. We also address challenges opportunities multimodal aiming provide insights into pathogenesis sarcopenia aiding innovative strategy development improved treatments.

Language: Английский

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Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Colorectal Cancer: Could miRNA Dysregulation Play a Role?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. 2922 - 2922

Published: June 14, 2019

Obesity is associated with insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation. Insulin a risk factor for cancer. A recent chapter in epigenetics represented by microRNAs (miRNAs), which post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Dysregulated miRNA profiles have been diseases including obesity Herein we report dysregulated miRNAs both animal models humans, also document colorectal cancer (CRC), as example of an obesity-related Some the described are found to be similarly obesity, (IR), CRC. Thus, present potential molecular link between CRC onset development, giving new perspective on role obesity-associated cancers.

Language: Английский

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Regulatory microRNAs in Brown, Brite and White Adipose Tissue

Cells, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 2489 - 2489

Published: Nov. 16, 2020

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a class of short noncoding RNAs which regulate gene expression by targeting messenger RNA, inducing translational repression and RNA degradation. This regulation miRNAs in adipose tissue (AT) can impact on the metabolism energy homeostasis, particularly considering different types adipocytes exist mammals, i.e., white (white AT; WAT), brown (brown BAT), inducible WAT (beige or brite brown-in-white adipocytes). Indeed, an increasing number has been identified to key signaling pathways adipogenesis BAT, AT, acting transcription factors that promote inhibit adipocyte differentiation. For example, MiR-328, MiR-378, MiR-30b/c, MiR-455, MiR-32, MiR-193b-365 activate adipogenesis, whereas MiR-34a, MiR-133, MiR-155, MiR-27b are inhibitors. Given mainly stores as lipids, whilst BAT dissipates heat, clarifying effects AT recently attracted significant research interest, aiming also develop novel miRNA-based therapies against obesity, diabetes, other obesity-related diseases. Therefore, this review presents up-to-date comprehensive overview role regulatory WAT.

Language: Английский

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High Fructose Intake and Adipogenesis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(11), P. 2787 - 2787

Published: June 7, 2019

In modern societies, high fructose intake from sugar-sweetened beverages has contributed to obesity development. the diet, sucrose and corn syrup are main sources of can be metabolized in intestine transported into systemic circulation. The liver metabolize around 70% intake, while remaining is by other tissues. Several tissues including adipose tissue express transporter GLUT5. vivo, chronic promotes white accumulation through activating adipogenesis. vitro experiments have also demonstrated that alone induces adipogenesis several mechanisms, (1) triglycerides very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) production metabolism, (2) stimulation glucocorticoid activation increasing 11β-HSD1 activity, (3) promotion reactive oxygen species (ROS) uric acid, NOX XOR expression, mTORC1 signaling Ang II induction. Moreover, it been observed increased ACE2 which Ang-(1-7) levels, inhibition thermogenic program regulating Sirt1 UCP1. Finally, microRNAs may involved conditions. this paper, we propose further directions for research participation

Language: Английский

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Specific Disruption of Abca1 Targeting Largely Mimics the Effects of miR-33 Knockout on Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux and Atherosclerotic Plaque Development

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 124(6), P. 874 - 880

Published: Feb. 1, 2019

Rationale: Inhibition of miR-33 reduces atherosclerotic plaque burden, but deficient mice are predisposed to the development obesity and metabolic dysfunction. The proatherogenic effects thought be in large part because its repression macrophage cholesterol efflux, through targeting Abca1 (ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1). However, other factors may also required for beneficial miR-33, currently available approaches have not allowed researchers determine specific impact individual miRNA target interactions vivo. Objective: In this work, we sought how disruption by impacts efflux formation Methods Results: We generated a novel mouse model with point mutations binding sites 3’untranslated region, which prevents miR-33. s ite mutant ( BSM ) had increased hepatic ABCA1 expression did show any differences body weight or function after high fat diet feeding. Macrophages from expression, as well enhanced reduced foam cell formation. Moreover, LDLR (low-density lipoprotein receptor) animals transplanted bone marrow formation, similar knockout mice. Conclusion: Although more pronounced phenotype suggests that targets play an important role, our data clearly demonstrate is primarily responsible This work shows first time single miRNA/target interaction can sufficient mimic deficiency on complex physiological phenotypes vivo provides approach assess targets.

Language: Английский

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Connecting the dots in the associations between diet, obesity, cancer, and microRNAs

Seminars in Cancer Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 93, P. 52 - 69

Published: May 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Effects of miR-33 Deficiency on Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases: Implications for Therapeutic Intervention

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(13), P. 10777 - 10777

Published: June 28, 2023

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally inhibit gene expression. These molecules involved in several biological conditions such as inflammation, cell growth and proliferation, regulation of energy metabolism. In the context metabolic cardiovascular diseases, miR-33 is particular interest it has been implicated lipid glucose This miRNA located introns harboured genes encoding sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1 SREBP-2, which key transcription factors biosynthesis cholesterol efflux. review outlines role a range pathologies, dyslipidaemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), provides discussion about effectiveness deficiency possible therapeutic strategy to prevent development these diseases.

Language: Английский

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A New Insight into the Roles of MiRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome

BioMed Research International, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 2018, P. 1 - 15

Published: Dec. 17, 2018

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which includes several clinical components such as abdominal obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, microalbuminuria, hypertension, proinflammatory state, and oxidative stress (OS), has become a global epidemic health issue contributing to high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), used noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis therapy, have aroused interest in complex processes diseases, including MetS its components. MiRNAs can exist stably serum, liver, skeletal muscle (SM), heart muscle, adipose tissue (AT), β cells, because their ability escape the digestion RNase. Here we first present an overall review on findings relationship between miRNAs main MetS, IR, diabetes, lipid metabolism, hyperuricemia, stress, illustrate targeting proteins or relevant pathways that are involved progress also help us find promising novel diagnostic therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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