Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Jan. 5, 2022
Osteoblasts
continuously
replenished
by
osteoblast
progenitor
cells
form
the
basis
of
bone
development,
maintenance,
and
regeneration.
Mesenchymal
stem
(MSCs)
from
various
tissues
can
differentiate
into
cell
osteogenic
lineage
serve
as
main
source
osteoblasts.
They
also
respond
flexibly
to
regenerative
anabolic
signals
emitted
surrounding
microenvironment,
thereby
maintaining
homeostasis
participating
in
remodeling.
However,
MSCs
exhibit
heterogeneity
at
multiple
levels
including
different
tissue
sources
subpopulations
which
diversified
gene
expression
differentiation
capacity,
surface
markers
used
predict
potential
remain
be
further
elucidated.
The
rapid
advancement
tracing
methods
single-cell
technology
has
made
substantial
progress
characterization
stem/progenitor
populations
MSCs.
Here,
we
reviewed
research
scRNA-seq
identification
pathways,
MSC-related
new
insights
drawn
combined
with
experimental
technology,
recent
findings
regarding
interaction
between
fate
niche
pathological
process.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
175, P. 116672 - 116672
Published: April 26, 2024
Diabetic
nephropathy
(DN)
is
one
of
the
most
common
microvascular
complications
in
diabetic
patients,
with
its
incidence
continuously
increasing
recent
years.
DN
causes
renal
tissue
damage
and
functional
decline,
expedites
aging
process
kidneys,
may
ultimately
progress
leading
to
end-stage
disease,
severely
impacting
patient's
quality
life
prognosis.
Mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
are
highly
valued
for
their
multipotent
differentiation,
paracrine
functions,
immunomodulatory
effects,
capacity
repair.
Particularly,
exosomes
(Exo)
derived
from
MSCs
(MSCs-Exo)
rich
bioactive
molecules
facilitate
intercellular
communication,
participating
various
physiological
pathological
processes.
MSCs-Exo,
particular,
have
been
demonstrated
therapeutic
effects
treatment
research
by
encouraging
repair,
fibrosis
inhibition,
inflammation
reduction.
Research
has
shown
that
MSCs-Exo
promoting
inhibiting
fibrosis,
reducing
inflammation.
Recent
studies
underscore
potential
highlighting
broad
applicability
treatment.
This
review
aims
provide
a
comprehensive
summary
scientific
developments
treating
using
diverse
sources,
while
also
exploring
future
possibilities
detail.
Military Medical Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: May 30, 2024
Abstract
Orthopedic
conditions
have
emerged
as
global
health
concerns,
impacting
approximately
1.7
billion
individuals
worldwide.
However,
the
limited
understanding
of
underlying
pathological
processes
at
cellular
and
molecular
level
has
hindered
development
comprehensive
treatment
options
for
these
disorders.
The
advent
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
(scRNA-seq)
technology
revolutionized
biomedical
research
by
enabling
detailed
examination
diversity.
Nevertheless,
investigating
mechanisms
in
highly
mineralized
skeletal
tissue
poses
technical
challenges.
In
this
review,
we
present
a
streamlined
approach
to
obtaining
high-quality
single
cells
from
provide
an
overview
existing
scRNA-seq
technologies
employed
studies
along
with
practical
bioinformatic
analysis
pipelines.
By
utilizing
methodologies,
crucial
insights
into
developmental
dynamics,
maintenance
homeostasis,
involved
spine,
joint,
bone,
muscle,
tendon
disorders
been
uncovered.
Specifically
focusing
on
joint
diseases
degenerative
disc
disease,
osteoarthritis,
rheumatoid
arthritis
using
provided
novel
more
nuanced
comprehension.
These
findings
paved
way
discovering
therapeutic
targets
that
offer
potential
benefits
patients
suffering
diverse
Declining
bone
mass
is
associated
with
aging
and
osteoporosis,
a
disease
characterized
by
progressive
weakening
of
the
skeleton
increased
fracture
incidence.
Growth
lifelong
homeostasis
rely
on
interactions
between
different
cell
types
including
vascular
cells
mesenchymal
stromal
(MSCs).
As
these
involve
Notch
signaling,
we
have
explored
whether
treatment
secreted
ligand
proteins
can
enhance
osteogenesis
in
adult
mice.
We
show
that
bone-targeting,
high
affinity
version
Delta-like
4,
termed
Dll4
(E12)
,
induces
formation
male
mice
without
causing
adverse
effects
other
organs,
which
are
known
to
intact
signaling.
Due
lower
surface
thereby
reduced
retention
same
approach
failed
promote
female
ovariectomized
but
strongly
enhanced
trabecular
combination
parathyroid
hormone.
Single
analysis
indicates
primarily
acts
MSCs
has
comparably
minor
osteoblasts,
endothelial
cells,
or
chondrocytes.
propose
activation
signaling
bone-targeted
fusion
might
be
therapeutically
useful
avoid
detrimental
Notch-dependent
processes
organs.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: March 14, 2022
Abstract
In
adult
mammalian
bone
marrow
(BM),
vascular
endothelial
cells
and
perivascular
reticular
control
the
function
of
haematopoietic
stem
progenitor
(HSPCs).
During
fetal
development,
mechanisms
regulating
de
novo
cell
colonization
BM
remain
largely
unknown.
Here,
we
show
that
exhibit
fundamental
differences
in
cellular
composition
molecular
interactions
by
single
RNA
sequencing.
While
femur
is
devoid
leptin
receptor-expressing
cells,
arterial
(AECs)
provide
Wnt
ligand
to
initial
HSPC
expansion.
Haematopoietic
c-Kit
+
HSPCs
are
reduced
when
secretion
AECs
genetically
blocked.
We
identify
Wnt2
as
AEC-derived
signal
activates
β-catenin-dependent
proliferation
HSPCs.
Treatment
with
promotes
their
improves
engraftment
after
transplantation.
Our
work
reveals
a
switch
organization
regulation
niches
embryonic
organism.
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
28(4)
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Blood
vessels
are
essential
for
bone
development
and
metabolism.
Type
H
in
bone,
named
after
their
high
expression
of
CD31
Endomucin
(Emcn),
have
recently
been
reported
to
locate
mainly
the
metaphysis,
exhibit
different
molecular
properties
couple
osteogenesis
angiogenesis.
A
strong
correlation
between
type
metabolism
is
now
well-recognized.
The
crosstalk
osteoprogenitor
cells
also
involved
metabolism-related
diseases
such
as
osteoporosis,
osteoarthritis,
fracture
healing
defects.
Targeting
vessel
formation
may
become
a
new
approach
managing
variety
diseases.
This
review
highlighted
roles
bone-related
summarized
research
attempts
develop
targeted
intervention,
which
will
help
us
gain
better
understanding
potential
value
clinical
application.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: Feb. 8, 2022
The
vasculature
is
an
essential,
physiological
element
in
virtually
all
human
tissues.
Formation
of
perfusable
therefore
crucial
for
reliable
tissue
modeling.
Three-dimensional
vascular
networks
can
be
formed
through
the
co-culture
endothelial
cells
(ECs)
with
stromal
embedded
hydrogel.
Mesenchymal
stem/stromal
(MSCs)
derived
from
bone
marrow
(BMSCs)
and
adipose
(ASCs)
are
attractive
choice
as
due
to
their
natural
perivascular
localization
ability
support
formation
mature
stable
microvessels
