The molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance in aphid crop pests

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 103937 - 103937

Published: April 5, 2023

Aphids are a group of hemipteran insects that include some the world's most economically important agricultural pests. The control pest aphids has relied heavily on use chemical insecticides, however, evolution resistance poses serious threat to their sustainable control. Over 1000 cases have now been documented for involving remarkable diversity mechanisms that, individually or in combination, allow toxic effect insecticides be avoided overcome. In addition its applied importance as growing human food security, insecticide also offers an exceptional opportunity study under strong selection and gain insight into genetic variation fuelling rapid adaptation. this review we summarise biochemical molecular underlying aphid pests worldwide insights topic provided genomic architecture adaptive traits.

Language: Английский

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Genome Editing, Gene Drives, and Synthetic Biology: Will They Contribute to Disease-Resistant Crops, and Who Will Benefit?

Annual Review of Phytopathology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 57(1), P. 165 - 188

Published: May 31, 2019

Genetically engineered crops have been grown for more than 20 years, resulting in widespread albeit variable benefits farmers and consumers. We review current, likely, potential genetic engineering (GE) applications the development of disease-resistant crop cultivars. Gene editing, gene drives, synthetic biology offer novel opportunities to control viral, bacterial, fungal pathogens, parasitic weeds, insect vectors plant pathogens. conclude that there will be no shortage GE totackle disease resistance other farmer consumer priorities agricultural crops. Beyond reviewing scientific prospects genetically crops, we address social institutional forces are commonly overlooked by biological scientists. Intellectual property regimes, technology regulatory frameworks, balance funding between public- private-sector research, advocacy concerned civil society groups interact define who uses which technologies, on benefit whom. Ensuring equitable access requires affirmative policies, targeted investments, excellent science.

Language: Английский

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Topical dsRNA delivery induces gene silencing and mortality in the pea aphid

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 75(11), P. 2873 - 2881

Published: May 1, 2019

With the growing number of available aphid genomes and transcriptomes, an efficient easy-to-adapt tool for gene function study is urgently required. RNA interference (RNAi), as a post-transcriptional silencing mechanism, important research determining functions has potential novel insect control strategy. However, these applications have been hampered by lack effective dsRNA delivery approaches in aphids.Here, we developed convenient method, topical RNAi, aphids. An investigation its dose time-dependent RNAi efficiencies revealed that with little 60 ng per adult pea (Acyrthosiphon pisum), indicator gene, Aphunchback, could be significantly silenced within 2 h exposure. The method was further validated successfully other different genes, it also toward two species, Aphis citricidus Myzus persicae. Furthermore, noticeable mortality observed aphids using RNAi-mediated silencing, 4 days post-dsRNA application four out seven tested genes.Compared currently used methods aphids, microinjection ingestion, time- cost-effective, which greatly influence RNAi-based functional studies candidate selection developing strategies future. © 2019 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Target and non-target impact of systemic insecticides on a polyphagous aphid pest and its parasitoid

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 247, P. 125728 - 125728

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Language: Английский

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Nanocarrier‐delivered dsRNA suppresses wing development of green peach aphids

Insect Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 29(3), P. 669 - 682

Published: July 20, 2021

RNA interference (RNAi) has developed rapidly as a potential "green" pest management strategy. At present, most studies have focused on the screening of aphid lethal genes, whereas only few been conducted wing development, which is crucial for migration and plant-virus dissemination. Here, Myzus persicae genes vestigial (vg) Ultrabithorax (Ubx) related to were cloned. These two expressed in various tissues 3rd-instar winged aphids. The mRNA level vg was high nymphs, expression Ubx adults. nanocarrier-mediated delivery system delivered double-stranded RNAs RNAi using topical root applications. levels downregulated by 44.0% 36.5%, respectively, application. simultaneous target caused 63.3% 32.2% aberration rates applications, respectively. current study provided promising method controlling alleviate spread insect transmitted plant diseases.

Language: Английский

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Rapid Evolution of Invasive Weeds Under Climate Change: Present Evidence and Future Research Needs

Frontiers in Agronomy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: April 7, 2021

Although evolution has been often seen as a gradual process through Darwinian lens, far more rapid evolutionary change observed in recent times. Recent examples documenting the potential speed of invasive plant have included: latitudinal flowering clines, life history shifts, or abrupt changes morphology. The timescales for such observations range from centuries down to <5 years. Invasive weeds provide good models changes, partly because exhibit unique mechanisms integral their success. For example, purging genetic load may enable plants adapt rapidly. Other include plasticity an evolved trait, hybridization, polyploidy, epigenetics, and clonal division labor. It is well-demonstrated that anthropogenic stressors habitat disturbance herbicide use work synergistically with climate fostering weed evolution. Changing temperatures, moisture regimes extreme events operate universally, but species are generally better equipped than native adapt. Research on this critical developing proactive management approaches anticipate new ecotypes adapted changing climatic conditions.

Language: Английский

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Pesticide resistance in arthropods: Ecology matters too

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 1746 - 1759

Published: June 21, 2022

Pesticide resistance development is an example of rapid contemporary evolution that poses immense challenges for agriculture. It typically evolves due to the strong directional selection pesticide treatments exert on herbivorous arthropods. However, recent research suggests some species are more prone evolve than others their evolutionary history and standing genetic variation. Generalist might develop especially rapidly pre-adaptation handle a wide array plant allelochemicals. Moreover, has shown adaptation novel host plants could lead increased resistance. Exploring such cross-resistance between range from ecological perspective needed understand its causes consequences better. Much has, however, been devoted molecular mechanisms underlying while both contexts facilitate have under-studied. Here, we take eco-evolutionary approach discuss circumstances may in arthropods plant-arthropod interactions target non-target interactions. Furthermore, suggest future avenues practical implications understanding evolution.

Language: Английский

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Towards a phylogenetic ecology of plant pests and pathogens

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 376(1837), P. 20200359 - 20200359

Published: Sept. 20, 2021

Plant-pathogens and insect pests, hereafter play an important role in structuring ecological communities, yet both native introduced pests impose significant pressure on wild managed systems, pose a threat to food security. Global changes climate land use, transportation of plants around the globe are likely further increase range, frequency severity pest outbreaks future. Thus, there is critical need expand current theory address these challenges. Here, we outline phylogenetic framework for study plant interactions. In plants, growing body work has suggested that evolutionary relatedness, phylogeny, strongly structures plant-pest associations-from host breadths impacts, their establishment spread new regions. Understanding dimensions associations will help inform models invasive species spread, disease risk crops, emerging communities-which have implications protecting security biodiversity into This article part theme issue 'Infectious macroecology: parasite diversity dynamics across globe'.

Language: Английский

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Large-scale genome-wide study reveals climate adaptive variability in a cosmopolitan pest

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Dec. 10, 2021

Abstract Understanding the genetic basis of climatic adaptation is essential for predicting species’ responses to climate change. However, intraspecific variation these arising from local remains ambiguous most species. Here, we analyze genomic data diamondback moth ( Plutella xylostella ) collected 75 sites spanning six continents reveal that climate-associated adaptive exhibits a roughly latitudinal pattern. By developing an eco-genetic index combines and physiological responses, predict P. populations have high tolerance projected future climates. Using genome editing, key gene, PxCad , emerged our analysis as functionally temperature responsive. Our results demonstrate largely capable tolerating climates in world will remain global pest beyond 2050. This work improves understanding along environmental gradients, advances forecasting by highlighting adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Molecular module of CmMYB15‐like‐Cm4CL2 regulating lignin biosynthesis of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) in response to aphid (Macrosiphoniella sanborni) feeding

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 237(5), P. 1776 - 1793

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Summary Lignin is a major component of plant cell walls and conserved basic defense mechanism in higher plants deposited response to aphid infection. However, the molecular mechanisms lignin biosynthesis infection effect on feeding behavior remain unclear. We report that 4‐Coumarate:coenzyme A ligase 2 ( Cm4CL2 ), gene encoding key enzyme pathway, induced by feeding, resulting deposition reduced attack. Upstream regulator analysis showed expression was directly upregulated CmMYB15‐like, an SG2‐type R2R3‐MYB transcription factor. CmMYB15‐like binds AC cis ‐element promoter region . Genetic validation demonstrated contributed wall thickening, which consequently enhanced resistance ‐dependent manner. This study first show CmMYB15‐like‐Cm4CL2 module regulates feeding.

Language: Английский

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