Bioengineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(7), P. 850 - 850
Published: July 18, 2023
Artificial
neural
networks
(ANNs)
ability
to
learn,
correct
errors,
and
transform
a
large
amount
of
raw
data
into
beneficial
medical
decisions
for
treatment
care
has
increased
in
popularity
enhanced
patient
safety
quality
care.
Therefore,
this
paper
reviews
the
critical
role
ANNs
providing
valuable
insights
patients’
healthcare
efficient
disease
diagnosis.
We
study
different
types
existing
literature
that
advance
ANNs’
adaptation
complex
applications.
Specifically,
we
investigate
advances
predicting
viral,
cancer,
skin,
COVID-19
diseases.
Furthermore,
propose
deep
convolutional
network
(CNN)
model
called
ConXNet,
based
on
chest
radiography
images,
improve
detection
accuracy
disease.
ConXNet
is
trained
tested
using
image
dataset
obtained
from
Kaggle,
achieving
more
than
97%
98%
precision,
which
better
other
state-of-the-art
models,
such
as
DeTraC,
U-Net,
COVID
MTNet,
COVID-Net,
having
93.1%,
94.10%,
84.76%,
90%
94%,
95%,
85%,
92%
respectively.
The
results
show
performed
significantly
well
relatively
compared
with
aforementioned
models.
Moreover,
reduces
time
complexity
by
dropout
layers
batch
normalization
techniques.
Finally,
highlight
future
research
directions
challenges,
algorithms,
insufficient
available
data,
privacy
security,
integration
biosensing
ANNs.
These
require
considerable
attention
improving
scope
diagnostic
Computers in Biology and Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
148, P. 105924 - 105924
Published: Aug. 8, 2022
Gliomas
are
malignant
tumors
in
the
central
nervous
system.
Cuproptosis
is
a
newly
discovered
cell
death
mechanism
targeting
lipoylated
tricarboxylic
acid
cycle
proteins.
Previous
studies
have
found
that
cuproptosis
participates
tumor
progression,
but
its
role
gliomas
still
elusive.
Here,
we
systematically
explored
bulk-tumor
and
single-cell
transcriptome
data
to
reveal
gliomas.
The
activity
score
(CuAS)
was
constructed
based
on
cuproptosis-related
genes,
machine
learning
techniques
validated
stability.
High
CuAS
were
more
likely
poor
prognosis
an
aggressive
mesenchymal
(MES)
subtype.
Subsequently,
SCENIC
algorithm
predicted
20
CuAS-related
transcription
factors
(TFs)
Function
enrichment
microenvironment
analyses
associated
with
immune
infiltration.
Accordingly,
intercellular
communications
between
neoplasm
immunity
by
R
package
"Cellchat".
Five
signaling
pathways
8
ligand-receptor
pairs
including
ICAM1,
ITGAX,
ITGB2,
ANXA1-FRR1,
like,
identified
suggest
how
connected
neoplastic
cells.
Critically,
13
potential
drugs
high
CuAs
according
CTRP
PRISM
databases,
oligomycin
A,
dihydroartemisinin,
others.
Taken
together,
involved
glioma
aggressiveness,
neoplasm-immune
interactions,
may
be
used
assist
drug
selection.
IEEE Access,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11, P. 85467 - 85488
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Skin
cancer
is
a
senior
public
health
issue
that
could
profit
from
computer-aided
diagnosis
to
decrease
the
encumbrance
of
this
widespread
disease.
Researchers
have
been
more
motivated
develop
systems
because
visual
examination
wastes
time.
The
initial
stage
in
skin
lesion
analysis
segmentation,
which
might
assist
following
categorization
task.
It
difficult
task
sometimes
whole
be
same
colors,
and
borders
pigment
regions
can
foggy.
Several
studies
effectively
handled
segmentation;
nevertheless,
developing
new
methodologies
improve
efficiency
necessary.
This
work
thoroughly
analyzes
most
advanced
algorithms
methods
for
segmentation.
review
begins
with
traditional
segmentation
techniques,
followed
by
brief
using
deep
learning
optimization
techniques.
main
objective
highlight
strengths
weaknesses
wide
range
algorithms.
Additionally,
it
examines
various
commonly
used
datasets
lesions
metrics
evaluate
performance
these
Journal Of Big Data,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Jan. 10, 2024
Abstract
Chest
diseases,
especially
COVID-19,
have
quickly
spread
throughout
the
world
and
caused
many
deaths.
Finding
a
rapid
accurate
diagnostic
tool
was
indispensable
to
combating
these
diseases.
Therefore,
scientists
thought
of
combining
chest
X-ray
(CXR)
images
with
deep
learning
techniques
rapidly
detect
people
infected
COVID-19
or
any
other
disease.
Image
segmentation
as
preprocessing
step
has
an
essential
role
in
improving
performance
techniques,
it
could
separate
most
relevant
features
better
train
techniques.
several
approaches
were
proposed
tackle
image
problem
accurately.
Among
methods,
multilevel
thresholding-based
methods
won
significant
interest
due
their
simplicity,
accuracy,
relatively
low
storage
requirements.
However,
increasing
threshold
levels,
traditional
failed
achieve
segmented
reasonable
amount
time.
researchers
recently
used
metaheuristic
algorithms
this
problem,
but
existing
still
suffer
from
slow
convergence
speed
stagnation
into
local
minima
number
levels
increases.
study
presents
alternative
technique
based
on
enhanced
version
Kepler
optimization
algorithm
(KOA),
namely
IKOA,
segment
CXR
at
small,
medium,
high
levels.
Ten
are
assess
IKOA
ten
(T-5,
T-7,
T-8,
T-10,
T-12,
T-15,
T-18,
T-20,
T-25,
T-30).
To
observe
its
effectiveness,
is
compared
terms
indicators.
The
experimental
outcomes
disclose
superiority
over
all
algorithms.
Furthermore,
IKOA-based
eight
different
newly
CNN
model
called
CNN-IKOA
find
out
effectiveness
step.
Five
indicators,
overall
precision,
recall,
F1-score,
specificity,
CNN-IKOA’s
effectiveness.
CNN-IKOA,
according
outcomes,
outstanding
for
where
reach
94.88%
96.57%
95.40%
recall.