A framework for studying behavioral evolution by reconstructing ancestral repertoires

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Sept. 2, 2021

Although different animal species often exhibit extensive variation in many behaviors, typically scientists examine one or a small number of behaviors any single study. Here, we propose new framework to simultaneously study the evolution behaviors. We measured behavioral repertoire individuals from six fruit flies using unsupervised techniques and identified all stereotyped movements exhibited by each species. then fit Generalized Linear Mixed Model estimate intra- inter-species covariances, and, known phylogenetic relationships among species, estimated (unobserved) ancestral found that much intra-specific has similar covariance structure previously described long-time scale an individual's behavior, suggesting between our assay reflects differences status neural networks, rather than genetic developmental individuals. method identify groups appear have evolved correlated manner, illustrating how sets individual likely evolved. Our approach provides for identifying co-evolving may provide opportunities mechanistic basis evolution.

Language: Английский

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Neural Control of Action Selection Among Innate Behaviors

Neuroscience Bulletin, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(12), P. 1541 - 1558

Published: May 28, 2022

Abstract Nervous systems must not only generate specific adaptive behaviors, such as reproduction, aggression, feeding, and sleep, but also select a single behavior for execution at any given time, depending on both internal states external environmental conditions. Despite their tremendous biological importance, the neural mechanisms of action selection remain poorly understood. In past decade, studies in model animal Drosophila melanogaster have demonstrated valuable underlying innate behaviors. this review, we summarize circuit with particular focus small number sexually dimorphic neurons controlling among sex, fight, sleep behaviors sexes flies. We discuss potentially conserved configurations neuromodulation fly mouse models, aiming to provide insights into prioritization

Language: Английский

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Lessons from lonely flies: Molecular and neuronal mechanisms underlying social isolation

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 105504 - 105504

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Animals respond to changes in the environment which affect their internal state by adapting behaviors. Social isolation is a form of passive environmental stressor that alters animal behaviors across kingdom, including humans, rodents, and fruit flies. known increase violence, disrupt sleep depression leading poor mental physical health. Recent evidence from several model organisms suggests social leads remodeling transcriptional epigenetic landscape behavioral outcomes. In this review, we explore how manipulating experience fly Drosophila melanogaster can shed light on molecular neuronal mechanisms underlying driven We discuss recent advances made using powerful genetic toolkit assays uncover role neuromodulators, sensory modalities, pheromones, circuits mediating isolation. The insights gained these studies could be crucial for developing effective therapeutic interventions future.

Language: Английский

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Aggression modulator: Understanding the multifaceted role of the dorsal raphe nucleus

BioEssays, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(4)

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Aggressive behavior is instinctively driven that helps animals to survive and reproduce closely related multiple behavioral physiological processes. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) an evolutionarily conserved midbrain structure regulates aggressive by integrating diverse brain inputs. DRN consists predominantly of serotonergic (5-HT:5-hydroxytryptamine) neurons decreased 5-HT activity was classically thought increase aggression. However, recent studies challenge this deficiency model, revealing a more complex role for the system in Furthermore, emerging evidence has shown non-5-HT populations specific neural circuits contribute escalation behavior. This review argues serves as multifaceted modulator aggression, acting not only via but also other neurotransmitters pathways, well different subsets neurons. In addition, we discuss contribution aspects implicated behavior, such arousal, reward, impulsivity, further our understanding DRN-mediated aggression modulation.

Language: Английский

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Memory of recent oxygen experience switches pheromone valence in Caenorhabditis elegans

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 114(16), P. 4195 - 4200

Published: April 3, 2017

Animals adjust their behavioral priorities according to momentary needs and prior experience. We show that Caenorhabditis elegans changes how it processes sensory information the oxygen environment experienced recently. C. acclimated 7% O2 are aroused by CO2 repelled pheromones attract animals 21% This plasticity arises from prolonged activity differences in a circuit continuously signals levels. A sustained change of O2-sensing neurons reprograms properties postsynaptic partners, RMG hub interneurons. is gap-junctionally coupled ASK ADL pheromone sensors respectively drive attraction repulsion. Prior experience has opposite effects on responsiveness these neurons. These provide physiological correlate altered valence. Our results suggest stores memory recent illustrate flexibly sculpted guide decisions context-dependent manner.

Language: Английский

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