The Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Revisited: Outlining Their Role in Biological Macromolecules (DNA, Lipids and Proteins) and Induced Pathologies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 4642 - 4642

Published: April 28, 2021

Living species are continuously subjected to all extrinsic forms of reactive oxidants and others that produced endogenously. There is extensive literature on the generation effects oxygen (ROS) in biological processes, both terms alteration their role cellular signaling regulatory pathways. Cells produce ROS as a controlled physiological process, but increasing becomes pathological leads oxidative stress disease. The induction an imbalance between production radical antioxidant defense systems, which can cause damage biomolecules, including lipids, proteins DNA. Cellular biochemical experiments have been complemented various ways explain chemistry oxidants. However, it often unclear how this translates into chemical reactions involving redox changes. This review addresses question includes robust mechanistic explanation stress.

Language: Английский

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Functions of ROS in Macrophages and Antimicrobial Immunity

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 313 - 313

Published: Feb. 19, 2021

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a chemically defined group of reactive molecules derived from molecular oxygen. ROS involved in plethora processes cells all domains life, ranging bacteria, plants and animals, including humans. The importance for macrophage-mediated immunity is unquestioned. Their functions comprise direct antimicrobial activity against bacteria parasites as well redox-regulation immune signaling induction inflammasome activation. However, only few studies have performed in-depth analyses even fewer identified the precise redox-regulated target molecules. In this review, we will give brief introduction to their sources macrophages, summarize versatile roles indirect defense, provide an overview commonly used probes, scavengers inhibitors.

Language: Английский

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Environmental arsenic exposure and its contribution to human diseases, toxicity mechanism and management

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 289, P. 117940 - 117940

Published: Aug. 9, 2021

Language: Английский

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Relationships among smoking, oxidative stress, inflammation, macromolecular damage, and cancer

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 787, P. 108365 - 108365

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Neuronal enhancers are hotspots for DNA single-strand break repair

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 593(7859), P. 440 - 444

Published: March 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Inherent mosaicism and extensive mutation of human placentas

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 592(7852), P. 80 - 85

Published: March 10, 2021

Language: Английский

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Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling and Oxidative Stress: Transcriptional Regulation and Evolution

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 312 - 312

Published: March 1, 2024

Since the evolution of aerobic metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have represented significant challenges to diverse life forms. In recent decades, increasing knowledge has revealed a dual role for ROS in cell physiology, showing they serve as major source cellular damage while also functioning important signaling molecules various biological processes. Our understanding homeostasis and ROS-mediated pathways presumed that are ancient highly conserved mechanisms shared by most organisms. However, emerging evidence highlights complexity plasticity signaling, particularly animals evolved extreme environments. this review, we focus on generation, antioxidative systems main influenced ROS. addition, discuss ROS’s responsive transcription regulation how it may been shaped over course evolution.

Language: Английский

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8-Oxoguanine: from oxidative damage to epigenetic and epitranscriptional modification

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 54(10), P. 1626 - 1642

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Abstract In pathophysiology, reactive oxygen species control diverse cellular phenotypes by oxidizing biomolecules. Among these, the guanine base in nucleic acids is most vulnerable to producing 8-oxoguanine, which can pair with adenine. Because of this feature, 8-oxoguanine DNA (8-oxo-dG) induces a G > T (C A) mutation cancers, be deleterious and thus actively repaired repair pathways. 8-Oxoguanine RNA (o 8 G) causes problems aberrant quality translational fidelity, thereby it subjected decay pathway. addition oxidative damage, 8-oxo-dG serves as an epigenetic modification that affects transcriptional regulatory elements other modifications. With ability o G•A pairing, alters structural functional RNA–RNA interactions, enabling redirection posttranscriptional regulation. Here, we address production, regulation, function under stress. Primarily, focus on epitranscriptional roles highlights significance redox-mediated gene expression.

Language: Английский

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Reactive oxygen species: Role in carcinogenesis, cancer cell signaling and tumor progression

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 284, P. 119942 - 119942

Published: Sept. 8, 2021

Language: Английский

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From imbalance to impairment: the central role of reactive oxygen species in oxidative stress-induced disorders and therapeutic exploration

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Increased production and buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to various health issues, including metabolic problems, cancers, neurological conditions. Our bodies counteract ROS with biological antioxidants such as SOD, CAT, GPx, which help prevent cellular damage. However, if there is an imbalance between these antioxidants, it result in oxidative stress. This cause genetic epigenetic changes at the molecular level. review delves into how plays a role disorders caused by We also look animal models used for researching pathways. study offers insights mechanism, pathology, changes, assist drug development disease understanding.

Language: Английский

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