A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 3, 2020

The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction brain fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster . Improved include procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses in, proofread such data sets. define cell types, refine computational compartments, provide an exhaustive atlas examples many them novel. detailed consisting neurons their chemical most central brain. make public simplify access, reducing effort needed answer circuit questions, linking defined by our analysis with genetic reagents. Biologically, we examine distributions connection strengths, motifs on different scales, electrical consequences compartmentalization, evidence that maximizing packing density is important criterion in evolution fly’s

Language: Английский

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A Complete Electron Microscopy Volume of the Brain of Adult Drosophila melanogaster

Cell, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 174(3), P. 730 - 743.e22

Published: July 1, 2018

Drosophila melanogaster has a rich repertoire of innate and learned behaviors. Its 100,000-neuron brain is large but tractable target for comprehensive neural circuit mapping. Only electron microscopy (EM) enables complete, unbiased mapping synaptic connectivity; however, the fly too conventional EM. We developed custom high-throughput EM platform imaged entire an adult female at resolution. To validate dataset, we traced brain-spanning circuitry involving mushroom body (MB), which been extensively studied its role in learning. All inputs to Kenyon cells (KCs), intrinsic neurons MB, were mapped, revealing previously unknown cell type, postsynaptic partners KC dendrites, unexpected clustering olfactory projection neurons. These reconstructions show that this freely available volume supports circuits, will significantly accelerate neuroscience. VIDEO ABSTRACT.

Language: Английский

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Bioinspired Electronics for Artificial Sensory Systems

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 31(34)

Published: Oct. 21, 2018

Abstract Humans have a myriad of sensory receptors in different sense organs that form the five traditionally recognized senses sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch. These detect diverse stimuli originating from world turn them into brain‐interpretable electrical impulses for cognitive processing, enabling us to communicate socialize. Developments biologically inspired electronics led demonstration wide range electronic sensors all traditional categories, with potential impact broad spectrum applications. Here, recent advances bioinspired can function as artificial systems, including prosthesis humanoid robots are reviewed. The mechanisms demonstrations mimicking biological systems individually discussed remaining future challenges must be solved their versatile use analyzed. Recent progress shows successfully mimicked using novel components performance regarding sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy improved levels outperform human organs. Finally, neural interfacing techniques connecting brain discussed.

Language: Английский

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Distinct combinations of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate thermosensation and hygrosensation in Drosophila

eLife, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: Sept. 22, 2016

Ionotropic Receptors (IRs) are a large subfamily of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors present across Protostomia. While these most extensively studied for their roles in chemosensory detection, recent work has implicated two family members, IR21a and IR25a, thermosensation Drosophila. Here we characterize one the evolutionarily deeply conserved receptors, IR93a, show that it is co-expressed functions with IR25a to mediate physiological behavioral responses cool temperatures. IR93a also distinct receptor, IR40a, discrete population sensory neurons sacculus, multi-chambered pocket within antenna. We demonstrate this combination required neuronal dry air discrimination humidity differences. Our results identify as common component molecularly cellularly IR pathways important hygrosensation insects.

Language: Английский

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Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Detect Acidic Volatiles Found in Human Odor Using the IR8a Pathway

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(8), P. 1253 - 1262.e7

Published: March 28, 2019

Language: Английский

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Gustatory Processing in Drosophila melanogaster

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 63(1), P. 15 - 30

Published: Jan. 7, 2018

The ability to identify nutrient-rich food and avoid toxic substances is essential for an animal's survival. Although olfaction vision contribute detection, the gustatory system acts as a final checkpoint control acceptance or rejection. vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster tastes many of same stimuli mammals provides excellent model comparative studies taste detection. relative simplicity brain behaviors, along with molecular genetic functional approaches available in this system, allow examination neural circuits from sensory input motor output. This review discusses molecules cells that detect compounds periphery process information brain. These are providing insight into how detection regulates feeding decisions.

Language: Английский

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Chemoreceptor co-expression in Drosophila melanogaster olfactory neurons

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 20, 2022

olfactory neurons have long been thought to express only one chemosensory receptor gene family. There are two main families in

Language: Английский

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Humidity sensors that alert mosquitoes to nearby hosts and egg-laying sites

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(6), P. 874 - 887.e8

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cross-modal sensory compensation increases mosquito attraction to humans

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Sensory compensation occurs when loss of one sense leads to enhanced perception by another sense. We have identified a previously undescribed mechanism sensory in female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Odorant receptor co-receptor ( Orco ) mutants show attraction human skin temperature and increased heat-evoked neuronal activity foreleg neurons. Ir140 , foreleg-enriched member the ionotropic (IR) superfamily receptors, is up-regulated mutant legs. double do not heat seeking seen single mutants, suggesting that up-regulation key underlying mutants. Because expression sparse legs, this requires an indirect, long-range mechanism. Our findings highlight how mosquitoes, despite suffering olfactory loss, maintain overall effectiveness their host-seeking behavior up-regulating temperature, further enhancing status as most dangerous predator humans.

Language: Английский

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Ionotropic Receptor-dependent moist and dry cells control hygrosensation in Drosophila

eLife, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: June 16, 2017

Insects use hygrosensation (humidity sensing) to avoid desiccation and, in vectors such as mosquitoes, locate vertebrate hosts. Sensory neurons activated by either dry or moist air (‘dry cells’ and ‘moist cells’) have been described many insects, but their behavioral roles the molecular basis of hygrosensitivity remain unclear. We recently reported that Drosophila relies on three Ionotropic Receptors (IRs) required for cell function: IR25a, IR93a IR40a (Knecht et al., 2016). Here, we discover cells show they require IR25a together with IR68a, a conserved, orphan IR. Both IR68a- IR40a-dependent pathways drive hygrosensory behavior: each is important dry-seeking hydrated flies underlie moist-seeking dehydrated flies. These studies reveal humidity sensing Drosophila, likely other involves combined activity two molecularly related neuronally distinct hygrosensing systems.

Language: Английский

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