Skull remains of the dinosaur Saturnalia tupiniquim (Late Triassic, Brazil): With comments on the early evolution of sauropodomorph feeding behaviour DOI Creative Commons
Mario Bronzati, Rodrigo Temp Müller, Max C. Langer

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. e0221387 - e0221387

Published: Sept. 6, 2019

Saturnalia tupiniquim is a sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Late Triassic (Carnian-c. 233 Ma) Santa Maria Formation of Brazil. Due to its phylogenetic position and age, it important for studies focusing on early evolution both dinosaurs sauropodomorphs. The osteology has been described in series papers, but cranial anatomy remains mostly unknown. Here, we describe skull bones one paratypes (only type-series possess such remains) based CT Scan data. newly elements allowed estimating length provide additional support presence reduced (i.e. two thirds femoral length) this taxon, as typical later Skull reduction could be related an increased efficiency predatory feeding behaviour, allowing fast movements head order secure small elusive prey, hypothesis also supported by data tooth brain morphology. A principal co-ordinates analysis jaw apparatus shows marked shifts morphospace occupation different stages first 30 million years their evolutionary history. One these observed between non-plateosaurian plateosaurian sauropodomorphs, suggesting that, despite having omnivorous diet, behaviour some Carnian Saturnalia, was markedly that taxa. second shift, Early Jurassic taxa, congruent with floral turnover across Triassic-Jurassic boundary.

Language: Английский

Decoloniality and anti-oppressive practices for a more ethical ecology DOI Open Access
Christopher H. Trisos, Jess Auerbach, Madhusudan Katti

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(9), P. 1205 - 1212

Published: May 24, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

341
Origin and Evolution of Birds DOI
Gary Ritchison

Fascinating life sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 154

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

44
Assessing ontogenetic maturity in extinct saurian reptiles DOI
Christopher T. Griffin, Michelle R. Stocker, Caitlin Colleary

et al.

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 96(2), P. 470 - 525

Published: Dec. 2, 2020

ABSTRACT Morphology forms the most fundamental level of data in vertebrate palaeontology because it is through interpretations morphology that taxa are identified, creating basis for broad evolutionary and palaeobiological hypotheses. Assessing maturity one basic aspects morphological interpretation provides means to study evolution ontogenetic changes, population structure palaeoecology, life‐history strategies, heterochrony along lineages would otherwise be lost time. Saurian reptiles (the least‐inclusive clade containing Lepidosauria Archosauria) have remained an incredibly diverse, numerous, disparate their ~260‐million‐year history. Because great disparity this group, assessing saurian difficult, fraught with methodological terminological ambiguity. We compiled a novel database literature, assembling >900 individual instances assessment, examine critically how has been diagnosed. review often inexact inconsistent terminology used assessment (e.g. ‘juvenile’, ‘mature’) provide routes better clarity cross‐study coherence. describe various methods assess every major integrating from both extant extinct give full account current state field providing method‐specific pitfalls, best practices, fruitful directions future research. recommend new standard subsection, ‘Ontogenetic Assessment’, added Systematic Palaeontology portions descriptive studies explicit diagnoses clear criteria. utility different criteria highly subclade dependent among saurians, even widely neurocentral suture fusion), we phylogenetic context, preferably form bracket, justify use method. Different should conjunction as independent lines evidence when maturity, instead diagnosis resting entirely on single criterion, which common literature. Critically, there need well‐represented growth series integrated fossil record ground assessments well‐constrained, empirically tested methods.

Language: Английский

Citations

129
Review of the fossil record of early dinosaurs from South America, and its phylogenetic implications DOI
Fernando E. Novas, Federico L. Agnolín, Martín D. Ezcurra

et al.

Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 110, P. 103341 - 103341

Published: April 29, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

67
A chronostratigraphic framework for the upper Stormberg Group: Implications for the Triassic-Jurassic boundary in southern Africa DOI
Emese M. Bordy, Miengah Abrahams, Glenn R. Sharman

et al.

Earth-Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 203, P. 103120 - 103120

Published: Feb. 19, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

69
Dinosaur Macroevolution and Macroecology DOI Open Access
Roger Benson

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 49(1), P. 379 - 408

Published: Aug. 16, 2018

Dinosaurs were large-bodied land animals of the Mesozoic that gave rise to birds. They played a fundamental role in structuring Jurassic–Cretaceous ecosystems and had physiology, growth, reproductive biology unlike those extant animals. These features have made them targets theoretical macroecology. achieved substantial structural diversity, their fossil record documents evolutionary assembly avian body plan. Phylogeny-based research has allowed new insights into dinosaur macroevolution, including adaptive landscape size evolution, patterns species diversification, origins birds bird-like traits. Nevertheless, much remains unknown due incompleteness at both local global scales. This presents major challenges frontier paleobiological regarding tests macroecological hypotheses effects biology, ecology, life history on macroevolution.

Language: Английский

Citations

67
Ontogenetic changes in the body plan of the sauropodomorph dinosaur Mussaurus patagonicus reveal shifts of locomotor stance during growth DOI Creative Commons
Alejandro Otero, Andrew R. Cuff, Vivian Allen

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: May 20, 2019

Abstract Ontogenetic information is crucial to understand life histories and represents a true challenge in dinosaurs due the scarcity of growth series available. Mussaurus patagonicus was sauropodomorph dinosaur close origin Sauropoda known from hatchling, juvenile mature specimens, providing sufficiently complete ontogenetic reconstruct general patterns ontogeny. Here, order quantify how body shape its relationship with locomotor stance (quadruped/biped) changed ontogeny, (~1 year old) adult (8+ years individuals were studied using digital models. Our results show that rapidly grew about 60 g at hatching ~7 kg one old, reaching >1000 adulthood. During this time, body’s centre mass moved position mid-thorax more caudal nearer pelvis. We infer these changes reflect shift quadrupedalism bipedalism occurred early ontogeny . study indicates relative development tail neck influential determining Sauropodomorpha during challenging previous studies, which have emphasized influence hindlimb vs. forelimb lengths on stance.

Language: Английский

Citations

55
Growth variability, dimensional scaling, and the interpretation of osteohistological growth data DOI Creative Commons
Thomas M. Cullen, Caleb M. Brown, Kentaro Chiba

et al.

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

Osteohistological data are commonly used to study the life history of extant and extinct tetrapods. While recent advances have permitted detailed reconstructions growth patterns, physiology other features using these data, they most in assessments ontogenetic stage relative animals. These methods seen widespread adoption years, rapidly becoming a common component taxonomic description new fossil taxa, but often applied without close consideration sources variation present or dimensional scaling relationships that exist among different osteohistological measurements. Here, we use combination theoretical models empirical from range tetrapods review variability measurements, their resulting interpretations can be made those data. In particular, provide recommendations on usage interpretation mark spacing/zonal thickness when likely unreliable, under what conditions useful inferences for studies history.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
A systematic comparative description of extant turtle humeri, with comments on humerus disparity and evolution based on fossil comparisons DOI Creative Commons
Guilherme Hermanson, Fernando Antonio Martín Arnal, Tomasz Szczygielski

et al.

The Anatomical Record, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 307(11), P. 3437 - 3505

Published: May 8, 2024

The humerus is central for locomotion in turtles as quadrupedal animals. Osteological variation across testudine clades remains poorly documented. Here, we systematically describe the anatomy all major extant turtle based on 38 species representing phylogenetic and ecological diversity of crown turtles. Three Late Triassic shelled stem (Testudindata) are included to establish plesiomorphic morphology. Our work 3D models, establishing a publicly available digital database. Previously defined terms anatomical sides (e.g., dorsal, ventral) often not aligned with respective body other animals sprawling gait. We propose alternative directional simplify communication: radial ulnar (the articulating radius/ulna), capitular side bearing humeral head), intertubercular (opposite surface). Turtle humeri show low morphological exceptions concentrated locomotory specialists. 15 discrete characters summarize osteological future studies. Disparity analyses comparing non-shelled indicate that presence shell constrains variation. Flippered aquatic released from this constraint significantly increase overall disparity. Ontogenetic changes related increased ossification pronunciation proximal processes, distal articulation areas, closure ectepicondylar groove foramen. Some retain juvenile features into adulthood provide evidence paedomorphic evolution. review morphology throughout evolution its group.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Extinction of herbivorous dinosaurs linked to Early Jurassic global warming event DOI Open Access
Diego Pol, Jahandar Ramezani, Kevin Leonel Gomez

et al.

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 287(1939), P. 20202310 - 20202310

Published: Nov. 18, 2020

Sauropods, the giant long-necked dinosaurs, became dominant group of large herbivores in terrestrial ecosystems after multiple related lineages extinct towards end Early Jurassic (190–174 Ma). The causes and precise timing this key faunal change, as well origin eusauropods (true sauropods), have remained ambiguous mainly due to scarce dinosaurian fossil record time. sedimentary successions Cañadón Asfalto Basin central Patagonia (Argentina) document critical interval dinosaur evolution. Here, we report a new with nearly complete skull that is oldest eusauropod known date provide high-precision U–Pb geochronology constrains time rise Patagonia. We show dominance was established massive magmatic event impacting southern Gondwana (180–184 Ma) coincided severe perturbations climate drastic decrease floral diversity characterized by conifers small scaly leaves. Floral records from other regions suggest these were global changes impacted during Toarcian warming formed part second-order mass extinction event.

Language: Английский

Citations

47