A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 3, 2020

The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction brain fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster . Improved include procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses in, proofread such data sets. define cell types, refine computational compartments, provide an exhaustive atlas examples many them novel. detailed consisting neurons their chemical most central brain. make public simplify access, reducing effort needed answer circuit questions, linking defined by our analysis with genetic reagents. Biologically, we examine distributions connection strengths, motifs on different scales, electrical consequences compartmentalization, evidence that maximizing packing density is important criterion in evolution fly’s

Language: Английский

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The connectome of the adult Drosophila mushroom body provides insights into function

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 14, 2020

Making inferences about the computations performed by neuronal circuits from synapse-level connectivity maps is an emerging opportunity in neuroscience. The mushroom body (MB) well positioned for developing and testing such approach due to its conserved architecture, recently completed dense connectome, extensive prior experimental studies of roles learning, memory, activity regulation. Here, we identify new components MB circuit Drosophila, including visual input output neurons (MBONs) with direct connections descending neurons. We find unexpected structure sensory inputs, transfer information different modalities MBONs, modulation that dopaminergic (DANs). provide insights into circuitry used integrate outputs, between central complex inputs DANs, feedback MBONs. Our results a foundation further theoretical work.

Language: Английский

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The connectome of an insect brain

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 379(6636)

Published: March 10, 2023

Brains contain networks of interconnected neurons and so knowing the network architecture is essential for understanding brain function. We therefore mapped synaptic-resolution connectome an entire insect ( Drosophila larva) with rich behavior, including learning, value computation, action selection, comprising 3016 548,000 synapses. characterized neuron types, hubs, feedforward feedback pathways, as well cross-hemisphere brain-nerve cord interactions. found pervasive multisensory interhemispheric integration, highly recurrent architecture, abundant from descending neurons, multiple novel circuit motifs. The brain’s most circuits comprised input output learning center. Some structural features, multilayer shortcuts nested loops, resembled state-of-the-art deep architectures. identified provides a basis future experimental theoretical studies neural circuits.

Language: Английский

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The natverse, a versatile toolbox for combining and analysing neuroanatomical data

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 14, 2020

To analyse neuron data at scale, neuroscientists expend substantial effort reading documentation, installing dependencies and moving between analysis visualisation environments. facilitate this, we have developed a suite of interoperable open-source R packages called the natverse. The natverse allows users to read local remote data, perform popular analyses including clustering graph-theoretic neuronal branching. Unlike most tools, enables comparison across many neurons morphology connectivity after imaging or co-registration within common template space. also transformations different spaces modalities. We demonstrate tools that integrate vast majority

Language: Английский

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Information flow, cell types and stereotypy in a full olfactory connectome

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: May 25, 2021

The

Language: Английский

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Neuronal wiring diagram of an adult brain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 30, 2023

Abstract Connections between neurons can be mapped by acquiring and analyzing electron microscopic (EM) brain images. In recent years, this approach has been applied to chunks of brains reconstruct local connectivity maps that are highly informative, yet inadequate for understanding function more globally. Here, we present the first neuronal wiring diagram a whole adult brain, containing 5×10 7 chemical synapses ∼130,000 reconstructed from female Drosophila melanogaster . The resource also incorporates annotations cell classes types, nerves, hemilineages, predictions neurotransmitter identities. Data products available download, programmatic access, interactive browsing made interoperable with other fly data resources. We show how derive projectome, map projections regions, connectome. demonstrate tracing synaptic pathways analysis information flow inputs (sensory ascending neurons) outputs (motor, endocrine, descending neurons), across both hemispheres, central optic lobes. Tracing subset photoreceptors all way motor illustrates structure uncover putative circuit mechanisms underlying sensorimotor behaviors. technologies open ecosystem FlyWire Consortium set stage future large-scale connectome projects in species.

Language: Английский

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Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(10), P. 2574 - 2594.e23

Published: May 1, 2024

High-resolution electron microscopy of nervous systems has enabled the reconstruction synaptic connectomes. However, we do not know sign for each connection (i.e., whether a is excitatory or inhibitory), which implied by released transmitter. We demonstrate that artificial neural networks can predict transmitter types presynapses from micrographs: network trained to six transmitters (acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, serotonin, dopamine, octopamine) achieves an accuracy 87% individual synapses, 94% neurons, and 91% known cell across D. melanogaster whole brain. visualize ultrastructural features used prediction, discovering subtle but significant differences between phenotypes. also analyze distributions brain find neurons develop together largely express only one fast-acting GABA). hope our publicly available predictions act as accelerant neuroscientific hypothesis generation fly.

Language: Английский

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Molecular ecology of plant volatiles in interactions with insect herbivores

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 73(2), P. 449 - 462

Published: Sept. 2, 2021

Abstract Plant-derived volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play pivotal roles in interactions with insect herbivores. Individual VOCs can be directly toxic or deterrent, serve as signal molecules to attract natural enemies, and/or perceived by distal plant tissues a priming prepare for expected herbivory. Environmental conditions, well the specific plant–insect interaction being investigated, strongly influence observed functions of VOC blends. The complexity chemical communication via is further enriched sophisticated molecular perception mechanisms insects, which respond one more and thereby behavior manner that has yet fully elucidated. Despite numerous gaps current understanding VOC-mediated interactions, successful pest management strategies such push–pull systems, synthetic odorant traps, crop cultivars modified profiles have been developed supplement pesticide applications enable sustainable agricultural practices. Future studies this field would benefit from examining responses both plants insects same experiment gain complete view these interactive systems. Furthermore, evolutionary study key genetic elements ecological phenotypes could provide new insights into

Language: Английский

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Chemoreceptor co-expression in Drosophila melanogaster olfactory neurons

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 20, 2022

olfactory neurons have long been thought to express only one chemosensory receptor gene family. There are two main families in

Language: Английский

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Whole-brain annotation and multi-connectome cell typing of Drosophila

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 634(8032), P. 139 - 152

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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