Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
388(6746), P. 538 - 544
Published: May 1, 2025
A
navigating
axon
faces
complex
choices
when
selecting
postsynaptic
partners
in
a
three-dimensional
(3D)
space.
In
this
work,
we
discovered
principle
that
can
establish
the
3D
glomerular
map
of
fly
antennal
lobe
by
reducing
higher
dimensionality
serially
to
1D
projections.
During
development,
olfactory
receptor
neuron
(ORN)
axons
first
contact
their
partner
projection
dendrites
on
spherical
surface
lobe,
regardless
whether
adult
glomeruli
lie
near
or
inside.
Along
2D
surface,
each
ORN
type
take
specific,
arc-shaped
trajectory
precisely
intersects
with
dendrites.
Altering
trajectories
compromises
synaptic
matching.
search
is
thus
reduced
one
dimension,
simplifying
Nature,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
640(8058), P. 435 - 447
Published: April 9, 2025
Abstract
Understanding
the
brain
requires
understanding
neurons’
functional
responses
to
circuit
architecture
shaping
them.
Here
we
introduce
MICrONS
connectomics
dataset
with
dense
calcium
imaging
of
around
75,000
neurons
in
primary
visual
cortex
(VISp)
and
higher
areas
(VISrl,
VISal
VISlm)
an
awake
mouse
that
is
viewing
natural
synthetic
stimuli.
These
data
are
co-registered
electron
microscopy
reconstruction
containing
more
than
200,000
cells
0.5
billion
synapses.
Proofreading
a
subset
yielded
reconstructions
include
complete
dendritic
trees
as
well
local
inter-areal
axonal
projections
map
up
thousands
cell-to-cell
connections
per
neuron.
Released
open-access
resource,
this
includes
tools
for
retrieval
analysis
1,2
.
Accompanying
studies
describe
its
use
comprehensive
characterization
cell
types
3–6
,
synaptic
level
connectivity
diagram
cortical
column
4
uncovering
cell-type-specific
inhibitory
can
be
linked
gene
expression
4,7
Functionally,
identify
new
computational
principles
how
information
integrated
across
space
8
characterize
novel
neuronal
invariances
9
bring
structure
function
together
uncover
general
principle
between
excitatory
within
10,11
Nature,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 26, 2025
Abstract
Vision
provides
animals
with
detailed
information
about
their
surroundings
and
conveys
diverse
features
such
as
colour,
form
movement
across
the
visual
scene.
Computing
these
parallel
spatial
requires
a
large
network
of
neurons.
Consequently,
from
flies
to
humans,
regions
in
brain
constitute
half
its
volume.
These
often
have
marked
structure–function
relationships,
neurons
organized
along
maps
shapes
that
directly
relate
roles
processing.
More
than
century
anatomical
studies
catalogued
detail
cell
types
fly
systems
1–3
,
behavioural
physiological
experiments
examined
capabilities
flies.
To
unravel
diversity
complex
system,
careful
mapping
neural
architecture
matched
tools
for
targeted
exploration
this
circuitry
is
essential.
Here
we
present
connectome
right
optic
lobe
male
Drosophila
melanogaster
acquired
using
focused
ion
beam
milling
scanning
electron
microscopy.
We
established
comprehensive
inventory
developed
computational
framework
quantify
anatomy.
Together,
data
establish
basis
interpreting
how
vision.
By
integrating
analysis
connectivity
information,
neurotransmitter
identity
expert
curation,
classified
approximately
53,000
into
732
types.
are
systematically
described
newly
named.
Finally,
share
an
extensive
collection
split-GAL4
lines
our
neuron-type
catalogue.
Overall,
set
unlocks
new
possibilities
systematic
investigations
vision
foundation
deeper
understanding
sensory
The
central
complex
(CX)
plays
a
key
role
in
many
higher-order
functions
of
the
insect
brain
including
navigation
and
activity
regulation.
Genetic
tools
for
manipulating
individual
cell
types,
knowledge
what
neurotransmitters
neuromodulators
they
express,
will
be
required
to
gain
mechanistic
understanding
how
these
are
implemented.
We
generated
characterized
split-GAL4
driver
lines
that
express
or
small
subsets
about
half
CX
types.
surveyed
neuropeptide
receptor
expression
using
fluorescent
situ
hybridization.
About
neuropeptides
we
examined
were
expressed
only
few
cells,
while
rest
dozens
hundreds
cells.
Neuropeptide
receptors
more
broadly
at
lower
levels.
Using
our
GAL4
drivers
mark
found
51
85
types
least
one
21
multiple
neuropeptides.
Surprisingly,
all
co-expressed
molecule
neurotransmitter.
Finally,
used
identify
whose
activation
affects
sleep,
identified
other
link
circadian
clock
CX.
well-characterized
genetic
information
on
neurotransmitter
provide
should
enhance
studies
Techniques
that
enable
precise
manipulations
of
subsets
neurons
in
the
fly
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
have
greatly
facilitated
our
understanding
neural
basis
behavior.
Split-GAL4
driver
lines
allow
specific
targeting
cell
types
Drosophila
melanogaster
and
other
species.
We
describe
here
a
collection
3060
range
adult
CNS
1373
characterized
third-instar
larvae.
These
tools
functional,
transcriptomic,
proteomic
studies
based
on
anatomical
targeting.
NeuronBridge
search
relate
light
microscopy
images
these
split-GAL4
to
connectomes
reconstructed
from
electron
images.
The
collections
are
result
screening
over
77,000
split
hemidriver
combinations.
Previously
published
new
included,
all
validated
for
expression
curated
optimal
cell-type
specificity
across
diverse
types.
In
addition
stocks
well-characterized
lines,
we
make
available
300,000
3D
lines.
