Neural coding of numerousness

Biosystems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 232, P. 104999 - 104999

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Perception of numerousness, i.e. number items in a set, is an important cognitive ability, which present several animal taxa. In spite obvious differences neuroanatomy, insects, fishes, reptiles, birds, and mammals all possess "number sense". Furthermore, information regarding numbers can belong to different sensory modalities: animals estimate visual items, tones, or their own movements. Given both the heterogeneity stimuli brains processing these stimuli, it hard imagine that cognition be traced back same evolutionary conserved neural pathway. However, neurons selectively respond have been described higher-order integration brain centres primates two distant groups. Although most probably not origin, share remarkable similarities response properties. Instead homology, this similarity might result from computational advantages underlying coding mechanism. This means one expect numerousness undergo similar steps even pathways. Following logic, review we summarize our current knowledge how processed input abstract centres. We also propose list key open questions promote future research on cognition.

Language: Английский

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Neural codes for visual numerosity independent of other quantities are present both in the dorsal and in the ventral stream of the human brain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 18, 2023

Abstract Representing the number of items in sets (numerosity) is a core and evolutionary ancient ability. In recent fMRI study Castaldi et al. (eLife 2019) showed that visual numerosity represented independently from other features starting early areas progressively amplified along dorsal stream hierarchy up to parietal areas. However, because this we recorded brain activity restricted volume, performed analyses only series retinotopically organized regions interest stream, still miss an exhaustive picture full network encoding pure across whole brain. research advance, extend findings two significant ways. First, which allowed us characterize neural responses beyond using searchlight analysis addition ROIs approach. Second, classical model-based analytical approach, such as RSA, compared representational geometries different multi-dimensional scaling, hypothesis-free approach capable unveiling latent dimensions might otherwise go unnoticed. Our results confirm over above enhanced associative but also, notably, ventral stream. We also found representations association differ substantially those areas, both streams on similar manifold akin curved line, structure suggestive their involvement numerosity-based decision making. Taken together, these call for important revision existing neurocognitive models cognition. Impact statement Visual reflects variables, suggesting common role decision-making.

Language: Английский

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Declarative memory supports children’s math skills: A longitudinal study

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. e0304211 - e0304211

Published: July 25, 2024

Substantial progress has been made in understanding the neurocognitive underpinnings of learning math. Building on this work, it hypothesized that declarative and procedural memory, two domain-general memory systems, play important roles acquiring math skills. In a longitudinal study, we tested whether fact predict children's skills during elementary school years. A sample 109 children was across grades 2, 3 4. Linear mixed-effects regression structural equation modeling revealed following. First, but not associated with within each grade. Second, grade related to all later (e.g., 2 4). Sensitivity analyses showed pattern results robust, except for prediction when accounting stable inter-individual differences via inclusion random intercepts. Our findings highlight foundational role early acquisition

Language: Английский

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Quantitative modelling demonstrates format‐invariant representations of mathematical problems in the brain

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(6), P. 1003 - 1017

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Mathematical problems can be described in either symbolic form or natural language. Previous studies have reported that activation overlaps exist for these two types of mathematical problems, but it is unclear whether they are based on similar brain representations. Furthermore, quantitative modelling problem solving has yet to attempted. In the present study, subjects underwent 3 h functional magnetic resonance experiments involving math word and expression a read condition without any calculations was used as control. To evaluate representations quantitatively, we constructed voxel-wise encoding models. Both intra- cross-format significantly predicted activity predominantly left intraparietal sulcus (IPS), even after subtraction control condition. Representational similarity analysis principal component revealed with different formats had cortical organization IPS. These findings support idea represented format-invariant manner.

Language: Английский

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Convergent Circuit Computation for Categorization in the Brains of Primates and Songbirds

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. a041526 - a041526

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Andreas Nieder Animal Physiology Unit, Institute of Neurobiology, University Tübingen, 72076 Germany Correspondence: andreas.nieder{at}uni-tuebingen.de

Language: Английский

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A Kaspar Hauser experiment for innateness of numerical cognition

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

Abstract Whether non-symbolic encoding of quantity is predisposed at birth with dedicated hard-wired neural circuits debated. Here we presented newly-hatched visually naive chicks stimuli (flashing dots) either identical or different numerousness (with a ratio 1:3) their continuous physical appearance (size, contour length, density, convex hull) randomly changing. Chicks spontaneously tell apart the on basis number elements. Upon presentation fixed changing also showed expression early gene c-fos in visual Wulst, hippocampal formation, intermediate medial mesopallium, and caudal part nidopallium caudolaterale. The results support hypothesis that ability to discriminate quantities does not require any specific instructive experience. Evidence for innateness numerical cognition have implications both neurobiology philosophy mathematics.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive disabilities in children and adolescents

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 11 - 21

Published: Nov. 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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Investigating the Triple Code Model in Numerical Cognition Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 29, 2024

ABSTRACT The ability to conceptualize numerical quantities is an essential human trait. According the “Triple Code Model” (TCM) in cognition, distinct neural substrates encode processing of visual, auditory, and nonsymbolic representations. While our contemporary understanding number cognition has benefited greatly from advances clinical imaging, limited studies have investigated intracranial electrophysiological correlates processing. In this study, 13 subjects undergoing stereotactic electroencephalography for epilepsy participated a recognition task. Drawing upon postulates TCM, we presented with stimuli varying representation type (symbolic vs. non-symbolic) mode delivery (visual auditory). Time-frequency spectrograms were dimensionally reduced principal component analysis passed into linear support vector machine classification algorithm identify regions associated perception compared inter-trial periods. Across formats, highest accuracy was observed bilateral parietal lobes. Auditory (spoken beeps) visual (Arabic) formats preferentially engaged superior temporal cortices frontoparietal regions, respectively. left cortex found dots. Notably, putamen exhibited robust accuracies response stimuli. Analyses spectral feature maps revealed that non-gamma frequency below 30 Hz held greater than chance value could be potentially used characterize format specific Taken together, findings obtained recordings provide further expand on TCM model cognition.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the Triple Code Model in numerical cognition using stereotactic electroencephalography

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(12), P. e0313155 - e0313155

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

The ability to conceptualize numerical quantities is an essential human trait. According the “Triple Code Model” in cognition, distinct neural substrates encode processing of visual, auditory, and non-symbolic representations. While our contemporary understanding number cognition has benefited greatly from advances clinical imaging, limited studies have investigated intracranial electrophysiological correlates processing. In this study, 13 subjects undergoing stereotactic electroencephalography for epilepsy participated a recognition task. Drawing upon postulates Triple Model, we presented with stimuli varying representation type (symbolic vs. non-symbolic) mode delivery (visual auditory). Time-frequency spectrograms were dimensionally reduced principal component analysis passed into linear support vector machine classification algorithm identify regions associated perception compared inter-trial periods. Across formats, highest accuracy was observed bilateral parietal lobes. Auditory (spoken beeps) visual (Arabic) formats preferentially engaged superior temporal cortices frontoparietal regions, respectively. left cortex found dots. Notably, putamen exhibited robust accuracies response stimuli. Analyses spectral feature maps revealed that non-gamma frequency, below 30 Hz, had greater-than-chance value could be potentially used characterize format specific Taken together, findings obtained recordings provide further expand on Model cognition.

Language: Английский

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Recruitment of the premotor cortex during arithmetic operations by the monkey

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 28, 2024

Abstract Arithmetic operations are complex mental processes rooted in the abstract concept of numerosity. Despite significance, neural architecture responsible for these has remained largely uncharted. In this study, we explored presence specific neuronal activity dorsal premotor cortex monkey dedicated to numerical addition and subtraction. Our findings reveal that many activities undergo a transformation, shifting their coding from arithmetic motor representations. These representations include information about which hand use number steps involved action. We consistently observed cells related right-hand encoded addition, while those linked left-hand subtraction, suggesting commands intertwining with each other. Furthermore, used multivariate decoding technique predict monkey’s behaviour based on arithmetic-related cells. The classifier trained discern operations, including not only predicted decisions but also subsequent actions right left-hand. imply cognitive extension cortex’s function, where inherent systems repurposed facilitate operations.

Language: Английский

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