A genome-wide association study implicates the olfactory system in Drosophila melanogaster diapause-associated lifespan extension and fecundity DOI Open Access
Sreesankar Easwaran, Denise J. Montell

Published: June 12, 2024

The effects of environmental stress on animal life are gaining importance with climate change. Diapause is a dormancy program that occurs in response to an adverse environment, followed by resumption development and reproduction upon the return favorable conditions. complex trait, so we leveraged Drosophila genetic reference panel (DGRP) lines conducted Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) characterize basis diapause. We assessed post-diapause non-diapause fecundity across all DGRP lines. GWAS revealed 546 variants, encompassing single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions deletions associated fecundity. identified 291 candidate diapause-associated genes, 40 which had previously been 89 candidates were more than one SNP. Gene network analysis indicated genes primarily linked neuronal reproductive system development. Similarly, comparison results from other fly greatest overlap olfactory-behavior-associated fecundity-and-lifespan-associated genes. An RNAi screen top two Dip- γ Scribbler, be required during recovery for complemented test neurons successful found although amputation antenna little no effect lifespan, it reduced diapause lifespan postdiapause further show olfactory receptor temperature-sensing Our provide insights into molecular, cellular, adult Drosophila.

Language: Английский

A genome-wide association study implicates the olfactory system in Drosophila melanogaster diapause-associated lifespan extension and fecundity DOI Open Access
Sreesankar Easwaran, Denise J. Montell

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

The effects of environmental stress on animal life are gaining importance with climate change. Diapause is a dormancy program that occurs in response to an adverse environment, followed by resumption development and reproduction upon the return favorable conditions. complex trait, so we leveraged Drosophila genetic reference panel (DGRP) lines conducted Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) characterize basis diapause. We assessed post-diapause non-diapause fecundity across 193 DGRP lines. GWAS revealed 546 variants, encompassing single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions deletions associated fecundity. identified 291 candidate diapause-associated genes, 40 which had previously been diapause, 89 were more than one SNP. Gene network analysis indicated genes primarily linked neuronal reproductive system development. Similarly, comparison results from other fly greatest overlap olfactory-behavior-associated fecundity-and-lifespan-associated genes. An RNAi screen selected candidates two Dip-𝛾 Scribbler, be required during recovery for complemented test neurons successful found although amputation antenna little no effect lifespan, it reduced diapause lifespan postdiapause further show olfactory receptor temperature-sensing Our provide insights into molecular, cellular, adult .

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Pesticide-induced resurgence in brown planthopper is mediated by action on a suite of genes that promote juvenile hormone biosynthesis and female fecundity DOI Open Access
Yang Gao,

Shao-Cong Su,

Xing Jun-wei

et al.

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Pesticide-induced resurgence, increases in pest insect populations following pesticide application, is a serious threat to the sustainable control of many highly damaging crop pests. Resurgence can result from pesticide-enhanced reproduction, however, molecular mechanisms mediating this process remain unresolved. Here we show that brown planthopper (BPH) resurgence rice crops exposure emamectin benzoate (EB) results coordinated action suite genes regulate juvenile hormone (JH) levels, resulting increased JH titer adult females and enhanced fecundity. We demonstrate EB treatment at sublethal levels profound changes female BPH fitness including egg maturation oviposition. This reproductive EB-mediated upregulation key involved regulation JH, JHAMT Kr-h1 downregulation allatostatin ( AstA ) receptor AstAR expression. signaling known inhibit production corpora allata hence diminishes inhibitory action. find gene expression are caused by insecticide on its target, glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl). Collectively, these provide mechanistic insights into negative pesticide-induced responses insects reveal actors JH-signaling pathway underpin resurgence.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Molecular Mechanisms of Photoperiodism DOI
Shin G. Goto

Entomology monographs, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 271 - 291

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Neuropeptide expression and action in the reproductive system of the starfish Asterias rubens DOI Creative Commons
Víctor M González,

Yuling Feng,

Michaela Egertová

et al.

The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 532(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Reproductive processes are regulated by a variety of neuropeptides in vertebrates and invertebrates. In starfish (phylum Echinodermata), relaxin‐like gonad‐stimulating peptide triggers oocyte maturation spawning. However, little is known about other as potential regulators reproduction starfish. To address this issue, here, we used histology immunohistochemistry to analyze the reproductive system Asterias rubens at four stages seasonal cycle male female animals, investigating expression eight neuropeptides: corticotropin‐releasing hormone‐type neuropeptide ArCRH, calcitonin‐type ArCT, pedal peptide‐type ArPPLN1b ArPPLN2h, vasopressin/ocytocin‐type asterotocin, gonadotropin‐releasing ArGnRH, somatostatin/allatostatin‐C‐type ArSS1 ArSS2. The five neuropeptides, ArPPLN1b, was detected gonoducts and/or gonads. For example, extensive ArPPLN2h revealed coelomic epithelial layer gonads throughout both males females. sexual differences patterns were also observed. Informed these findings, vitro pharmacological effects on gonad preparations from investigated. This that causes gonadal contraction relaxation, with being more effective ovaries than testes. Collectively, findings indicate multiple signaling systems involved regulation function starfish, some exerting excitatory or inhibitory contractility may be physiologically relevant when gametes expelled during

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Altered circadian rhythm, sleep, andrhodopsin 7-dependent shade preference during diapause inDrosophila melanogaster DOI Creative Commons

Geoff T. Meyerhof,

Sreesankar Easwaran,

Angela E. Bontempo

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2024

Abstract To survive adverse environments, many animals enter a dormant state such as hibernation, dauer, or diapause. Various Drosophila species undergo adult reproductive diapause in response to cool temperatures and/or short day-length. While it is known that flies are less active during diapause, an in-depth understanding of effects on circadian rhythms and sleep lacking. Here we show that, diapause-inducing conditions, melanogaster exhibit altered activity profiles, including severely reduced morning peak advanced evening peak. Consequently, the have single at time similar when non-diapausing siesta. Temperatures ≤15 °C, rather than day-length, primarily drive behavior. At temperatures, also rapidly deep lacks cycles higher requires particularly high levels stimulation for arousal. Furthermore, 18–25 prefer siesta shade, preference virtually eliminated 10 °C. Resting shade driven by aversion blue light, sensed rhodopsin 7 (Rh7) outside eyes. Flies °C neuronal markers elevated pressure, increased expression Bruchpilot Ca 2+ R5 ellipsoid body neurons. Therefore pressure might overcome light aversion. Thus cause arrest, preserve germline stem cells, extend lifespan, prone dramatically – yet rhythmic daily patterns. Significance statement Climate change impacting animals, insects. In diverse organisms, environments trigger dormancy programs hibernation Fruit winter. develop new methods same delay fruit fly reproduction promote sleep. Cool fall asleep difficult arouse. Once awake, they immediately back Whereas warm midday drives need overwhelms light-aversion, reducing preference. Animals adjust their behavior directly temperature, day length, may be more resilient changing climate.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Regulatory mechanism of cold-inducible diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans DOI Creative Commons
Makoto Horikawa, Masamitsu Fukuyama, Adam Antebi

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 10, 2024

Abstract Temperature is a critical environmental cue that controls the development and lifespan of many animal species; however, mechanisms underlying low-temperature adaptation are poorly understood. Here, we describe cold-inducible diapause (CID), another type induced by low temperatures in Caenorhabditis elegans . A premature stop codon heat shock factor 1 ( hsf-1 ) triggers entry into CID at 9 °C, whereas wild-type animals enter 4 °C. Furthermore, both hsf-1(sy441) mutant undergoing can survive for weeks, resume growth 20 Using epistasis analysis, demonstrate neural signalling pathways, namely tyraminergic neuromedin U signalling, regulate mutant. Overexpression anti-ageing genes, such as , XBP1/ xbp-1 FOXO /daf-16 Nrf2/ skn-1 TFEB/ hlh-30 also inhibits Based on these findings, hypothesise regulators may impact longevity, successfully isolate 16 long-lived mutants among 49 non-CID via genetic screening. nonsense mutation MED23/ sur-2 prevents extends lifespan. Thus, powerful model to investigate networks involving cold acclimation explore new ageing mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Characterization of clock‐related proteins and neuropeptides in Drosophila littoralis and their putative role in diapause DOI Creative Commons
Giulia Manoli, Meet Zandawala, Taishi Yoshii

et al.

The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 531(15), P. 1525 - 1549

Published: July 26, 2023

Insects from high latitudes spend the winter in a state of overwintering diapause, which is characterized by arrested reproduction, reduced food intake and metabolism, increased life span. The main trigger to enter diapause decreasing day length summer-autumn. It thus assumed that circadian clock acts as an internal sensor for measuring photoperiod orchestrates appropriate seasonal changes physiology metabolism through various neurohormones. However, little known about neuronal organization network neurosecretory system controls high-latitude insects. We addressed this here mapping expression proteins neuropeptides/neurohormones fly Drosophila littoralis. found principal both systems similar melanogaster, but with some striking differences neuropeptide levels patterns. small ventrolateral neurons express pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) short F (sNPF) are most important robust rhythmicity D. melanogaster virtually lack PDF sNPF In contrast, dorsolateral ion transport peptide additionally allatostatin-C appear suited transfer day-length information lateral cells littoralis contain more neuropeptides than melanogaster. Among them, coexpress corazonin, PDF, diuretic hormone 44 control diapause. Our work sets stage investigate roles these diverse regulating insect

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Integration of photoperiodic and temperature cues by the circadian clock to regulate insect seasonal adaptations DOI Creative Commons
Sergio Hidalgo, Joanna C. Chiu

Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 210(4), P. 585 - 599

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

Abstract Organisms adapt to unfavorable seasonal conditions survive. These adaptations rely on the correct interpretation of environmental cues such as photoperiod, and temperature. Genetic studies in several organisms, including genetic powerhouse Drosophila melanogaster , indicate that circadian clock components, period timeless are involved photoperiodic-dependent adaptations, but our understanding this process is far from complete. In particular, role temperature a key factor complement photoperiodic response not well understood. The development new sequencing technologies has proven extremely useful plastic changes other cellular components undergo different conditions, gene expression alternative splicing. This article discusses integration photoperiod for biology downstream molecular pathways regulation physiological occur with changing seasons. We focus discussion current involvement neuronal circuits these D. .

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Temperature cues are integrated in a flexible circadian neuropeptidergic feedback circuit to remodel sleep-wake patterns in flies DOI Creative Commons

Xin Yuan,

Hailiang Li, Fang Guo

et al.

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. e3002918 - e3002918

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

Organisms detect temperature signals through peripheral neurons, which relay them to central circadian networks drive adaptive behaviors. Despite recent advances in Drosophila research, how circuits integrate cues with regulate sleep/wake patterns remains unclear. In this study, we used the FlyWire brain electron microscopy connectome map neuronal connections, identifying lateral posterior neurons LPNs as key nodes for integrating information into network. receive input from both and temperature-sensing promoting sleep behavior. Through analysis, genetic manipulation, behavioral assays, demonstrated that LPNs, downstream of thermo-sensitive anterior cells (ACs), suppress activity-promoting dorsal LNds via AstC pathway, inducing Disrupting LPN-LNd communication either AstCR1 RNAi or an mutant significantly impairs heat-induced reduction evening activity peak. Conversely, optogenetic calcium imaging assays revealed cold-activated subsequently stimulate NPF-NPFR signaling, establishing a negative feedback loop. This mechanism limits LNd activation appropriate levels, thereby fine-tuning peak increase at lower temperatures. conclusion, our study constructed comprehensive centered on identified novel peptidergic circuit coordinates signals, offering new insights regulation .

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Neurocircuitry of Circadian Clocks DOI
Taishi Yoshii,

Ayumi Fukuda

Entomology monographs, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 85 - 113

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

2