Pathophysiology of Post-COVID syndromes: a new perspective

Virology Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Oct. 9, 2022

Most COVID-19 patients recovered with low mortality; however, some experienced long-term symptoms described as "long-COVID" or "Post-COVID syndrome" (PCS). Patients may have persisting for weeks after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, including dyspnea, fatigue, myalgia, insomnia, cognitive and olfactory disorders. These last months in patients. PCS progress association the development of mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), which is a distinct kind disorder, characterized by hyper-activation cells inappropriate excessive release chemical mediators. survivors, mainly women, persistent severe fatigue 10 recovery history neuropsychiatric disorders are more prone to develop PCS. High D-dimer levels blood urea nitrogen were observed be risk factors associated pulmonary dysfunction survivors 3 post-hospital discharge has systemic manifestations that resolve time no further complications. However, final outcomes chiefly unknown. Persistence inflammatory reactions, autoimmune mimicry, reactivation pathogens together host microbiome alterations contribute The deregulated mediators MCAS produces extraordinary during course infection correlated severity Therefore, treated antihistamines, inhibition synthesis mediators, mediator release, degranulation cells.

Language: Английский

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Hand grip strength as a proposed new vital sign of health: a narrative review of evidences

Journal of Health Population and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Abstract Hand grip strength (HGS) serves as a fundamental metric in assessing muscle function and overall physical capability is particularly relevant to the ageing population. HGS holds an important connection concept of sarcopenia, which encompasses age-related decline mass, strength, function. It has also been reported indicate health individual. We reviewed interplay between various parameters, including morbidity mortality, by carrying out literature search on PubMed, Scopus Google Scholar 10 30 August 2023, identify papers relationship HGS. used several keywords like ‘hand strength’, ‘muscle ‘sarcopenia’, ‘osteosarcopenia’, ‘health biomarker’, ‘osteoporosis’, ‘frailty’, derive appropriate for this review. This review shown that can be measured reliably with hand-held dynamometer. The cut-off values are different populations. lower Asians, women, less educated privileged, those involved sedentary work. Several diseases have correlation low HGS, e.g., Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney liver some cancers, sarcopenia fragility fractures. HSG associated increased hospitalization, nutritional status, mortality quality life. believe there adequate evidence show stands biomarker health. Its utility extends identification diverse issues its potential new vital sign throughout lifespan.

Language: Английский

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Combining L-Arginine with vitamin C improves long-COVID symptoms: The LINCOLN Survey

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 183, P. 106360 - 106360

Published: July 19, 2022

Language: Английский

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Low Vitamin D Levels Are Associated With Long COVID Syndrome in COVID-19 Survivors

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 108(10), P. e1106 - e1116

Published: April 13, 2023

Long COVID is an emerging syndrome affecting 50% to 70% of COVID-19 survivors that still lacks predicting factors.Due the extraskeletal effects vitamin D, we retrospectively assessed association between 25(OH) D levels and long in 6 months after hospitalization.Long was defined according NICE guidelines. Fifty 50 non-long-COVID subjects matched on a 1:1 basis were enrolled from outpatient clinic post-COVID cohort seen August November 2020. Therapies/comorbidities calcium/vitamin D/bone metabolism, and/or admission intensive care unit during hospitalization exclusion criteria. Vitamin measured at hospital discharge.We observed lower levels, evaluated follow-up, with than those without (20.1 vs 23.2 ng/mL, P = .03). Regarding affected health areas entire cohort, neurocognitive symptoms follow-up (n 7) 93) (14.6 20.6 .042). In patients presenting deficiency (<20 ng/mL), both 42), by 22) presented not 20) (12.7 15.2 .041). multiple regression analyses, only variable significantly associated our (P .008, OR 1.09, CI 1.01-1.16).COVID-19 have COVID. Our data suggest should be discharge. The role supplementation as preventive strategy sequelae tested randomized controlled trials.

Language: Английский

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Long COVID: a review and proposed visualization of the complexity of long COVID

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 20, 2023

Post-Acute Sequelae of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, or Long COVID, is a prevailing second pandemic with nearly 100 million affected individuals globally and counting. We propose visual description the complexity COVID its pathogenesis that can be used by researchers, clinicians, public health officials to guide global effort toward an improved understanding eventual mechanism-based provision care afflicted patients. The proposed visualization framework for should evidence-based, dynamic, modular, systems-level approach condition. Furthermore, further research such could establish strength relationships between pre-existing conditions (or risk factors), biological mechanisms, resulting clinical phenotypes outcomes COVID. Notwithstanding significant contribution disparities in access social determinants have on disease course long our model focuses primarily mechanisms. Accordingly, sets out scientific, clinical, efforts better understand abrogate burden imposed

Language: Английский

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The knowns and unknowns of long COVID-19: from mechanisms to therapeutical approaches

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 4, 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been defined as the greatest global health and socioeconomic crisis of modern times. While most people recover after being infected with virus, a significant proportion them continue to experience issues weeks, months even years acute infection SARS-CoV-2. This persistence clinical symptoms in individuals for at least three onset or emergence new lasting more than two months, without any other explanation alternative diagnosis have named long COVID, long-haul post-COVID-19 conditions, chronic post-acute sequelae (PASC). Long COVID characterized constellation disorders that vary widely their manifestations. Further, mechanisms underlying are not fully understood, which hamper efficient treatment options. review describes predictors common related COVID's effects on central peripheral nervous system organs tissues. Furthermore, transcriptional markers, molecular signaling pathways risk factors such sex, age, pre-existing condition, hospitalization during phase COVID-19, vaccination, lifestyle presented. Finally, recommendations patient rehabilitation management, well therapeutical approaches discussed. Understanding complexity this disease, its across multiple organ systems overlapping pathologies possible paramount developing diagnostic tools treatments.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D: A Role Also in Long COVID-19?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1625 - 1625

Published: April 13, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly become a global pandemic. Reports from different parts of the world indicate that significant proportion people who have recovered COVID-19 are suffering various health problems collectively referred to as "long COVID-19". Common symptoms include fatigue, shortness breath, cough, joint pain, chest muscle aches, headaches, and so on. Vitamin D is an immunomodulatory hormone with proven efficacy against upper respiratory tract infections. can inhibit hyperinflammatory reactions accelerate healing process in affected areas, especially lung tissue. Moreover, vitamin deficiency been associated severity mortality cases, high prevalence hypovitaminosis found patients acute failure. Thus, there promising reasons promote research into effects supplementation patients. However, no studies date affects post-COVID-19 or biomarkers. Based on this scenario, review aims provide up-to-date overview potential role long current literature topic.

Language: Английский

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A multi-omics based anti-inflammatory immune signature characterizes long COVID-19 syndrome

iScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 105717 - 105717

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

To investigate long COVID-19 syndrome (LCS) pathophysiology, we performed an exploratory study with blood plasma derived from three groups: 1) healthy vaccinated individuals without SARS-CoV-2 exposure; 2) asymptomatic recovered patients at least months after infection and; 3) symptomatic 3 chronic fatigue or similar symptoms, here designated as (LCS). Multiplex cytokine profiling indicated slightly elevated pro-inflammatory levels in contrast to LCS. Plasma proteomics demonstrated low of acute phase proteins and macrophage-derived secreted High anti-inflammatory oxylipins including omega-3 fatty acids LCS were detected by eicosadomics, whereas targeted metabolic high osmolytes taurine hypaphorine, but amino acid triglyceride deregulated acylcarnitines. A model considering alternatively polarized macrophages a major contributor these molecular alterations is presented.

Language: Английский

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Diabetes and COVID-19: Short- and Long-Term Consequences

Hormone and Metabolic Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 54(08), P. 503 - 509

Published: June 20, 2022

Abstract When the corona pandemic commenced more than two years ago, it was quickly recognized that people with metabolic diseases show an augmented risk of severe COVID-19 and increased mortality compared to without these comorbidities. Furthermore, infection SARS-CoV-2 has been shown lead aggravation in single cases new-onset disorders. In addition for diabetes acute phase COVID-19, this patient group also seems be often affected by long-COVID experience long-term consequences diabetes. The mechanisms behind discrepancies between relation are not completely understood yet will require further research follow-up studies during following years. current review, we discuss why patients have higher developing symptoms only disease but long-COVID, vaccine breakthrough infections re-infections. effects lockdown on glycemic control.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive dysfunction after covid-19

BMJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e075387 - e075387

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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