Liquid Biopsies, Novel Approaches and Future Directions

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 1579 - 1579

Published: March 3, 2023

Cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide. Early diagnosis and prognosis are vital to improve patients’ outcomes. The gold standard tumor characterization tissue biopsy. Amongst constraints biopsy collection sampling frequency incomplete representation entire bulk. Liquid approaches, including analysis circulating cells (CTCs), DNA (ctDNA), miRNAs, tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), as well certain protein signatures that released in circulation from primary tumors their metastatic sites, present a promising more potent candidate for patient follow up monitoring. minimally invasive nature liquid biopsies, allowing frequent collection, can be used monitoring therapy response real time, development novel approaches therapeutic management cancer patients. In this review we will describe recent advances field markers focusing on advantages disadvantages.

Language: Английский

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Liquid biopsy techniques and lung cancer: diagnosis, monitoring and evaluation

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(1)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Lung cancer stands as the most prevalent form of globally, posing a significant threat to human well-being. Due lack effective and accurate early diagnostic methods, many patients are diagnosed with advanced lung cancer. Although surgical resection is still potential means eradicating cancer, usually miss best chance for treatment, even after may experience tumor recurrence. Additionally, chemotherapy, mainstay treatment has be chemo-resistant, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. The emergence liquid biopsies garnered considerable attention owing their noninvasive nature ability continuous sampling. Technological advancements have propelled circulating cells (CTCs), DNA (ctDNA), extracellular vesicles (EVs), metabolites, tumor-educated platelets (TEPs), tumor-associated antigens (TAA) forefront key biopsy biomarkers, demonstrating intriguing encouraging results diagnosis prognostic evaluation This review provides an overview molecular biomarkers assays utilized encompassing CTCs, ctDNA, non-coding RNA (ncRNA), EVs, TAAs TEPs. Furthermore, we expound on practical applications biopsies, including diagnosis, response monitoring, evaluation, recurrence monitoring context

Language: Английский

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Circulating tumor cells: from new biological insights to clinical practice

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

Abstract The primary reason for high mortality rates among cancer patients is metastasis, where tumor cells migrate through the bloodstream from original site to other parts of body. Recent advancements in technology have significantly enhanced our comprehension mechanisms behind bloodborne spread circulating (CTCs). One critical process, DNA methylation, regulates gene expression and chromosome stability, thus maintaining dynamic equilibrium Global hypomethylation locus-specific hypermethylation are examples changes methylation patterns that pivotal carcinogenesis. This comprehensive review first provides an overview various processes contribute formation CTCs, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), immune surveillance, colonization. We then conduct in-depth analysis how modifications within CTCs impact each these stages during CTC dissemination. Furthermore, we explored potential clinical implications with cancer. By understanding epigenetic modifications, can gain insights into metastatic process identify new biomarkers early detection, prognosis, targeted therapies. aims bridge gap between basic research application, highlighting significance context metastasis offering avenues improving patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Decoding the glycoproteome: a new frontier for biomarker discovery in cancer

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: March 22, 2024

Abstract Cancer early detection and treatment response prediction continue to pose significant challenges. liquid biopsies focusing on detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) DNA (ctDNA) have shown enormous potential due their non-invasive nature the implications in precision cancer management. Recently, biopsy has been further expanded profile glycoproteins, which are products of post-translational modifications proteins play key roles both normal pathological processes, including cancers. The advancements chemical mass spectrometry-based technologies artificial intelligence-based platforms enabled extensive studies organ-specific changes glycans glycoproteins through glycomics glycoproteomics. Glycoproteomic analysis emerged as a promising tool for biomarker discovery development cancers efficacy immunotherapies. These biomarkers could crucial role aiding intervention personalized therapy decisions. In this review, we summarize advance glycoproteomic promise challenges integration into clinical practice improve patient care.

Language: Английский

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SERS biosensors for liquid biopsy towards cancer diagnosis by detection of various circulating biomarkers: current progress and perspectives

Nano Convergence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: May 29, 2024

Abstract Liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising non-invasive strategy for cancer diagnosis, enabling the detection of various circulating biomarkers, including tumor cells (CTCs), nucleic acids (ctNAs), tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), and proteins. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensors have revolutionized liquid by offering sensitive specific methodologies these biomarkers. This review comprehensively examines application SERS-based identification analysis biomarkers CTCs, ctNAs, sEVs proteins in diagnosis. The discussion encompasses diverse range SERS biosensor platforms, label-free assay, magnetic bead-based microfluidic device-based system, paper-based each demonstrating unique capabilities enhancing sensitivity specificity critically assesses strengths, limitations, future directions

Language: Английский

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Beyond blood: Advancing the frontiers of liquid biopsy in oncology and personalized medicine

Cancer Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 115(4), P. 1060 - 1072

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

Abstract Liquid biopsy is emerging as a pivotal tool in precision oncology, offering noninvasive and comprehensive approach to cancer diagnostics management. By harnessing biofluids such blood, urine, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, pleural effusions, this technique profiles key biomarkers including circulating tumor DNA, cells, microRNAs, extracellular vesicles. This review discusses the extended scope of liquid biopsy, highlighting its indispensable role enhancing patient outcomes through early detection, continuous monitoring, tailored therapy. While advantages are notable, we also address challenges, emphasizing necessity for precision, cost‐effectiveness, standardized methodologies broader application. The future trajectory set expand reach personalized medicine, fueled by technological advancements collaborative research.

Language: Английский

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Multi-cohort validation of Ascore: an anoikis-based prognostic signature for predicting disease progression and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Abstract Bladder cancer ranks as the 10th most common worldwide, with deteriorating prognosis disease advances. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promise in clinical therapy both operable and advanced bladder cancer, identifying patients who will respond is challenging. Anoikis, a specialized form of cell death that occurs when cells detach from extracellular matrix, closely linked to tumor progression. Here, we aimed explore anoikis-based biomarkers for immunotherapeutic decisions. Through consensus clustering, categorized TCGA-BLCA cohort into two clusters based on anoikis-related genes (ARGs). Significant differences survival outcome, features, environment (TIME), potential ICIs response were observed between clusters. We then formulated four-gene signature, termed "Ascore", encapsulate this gene expression pattern. The Ascore was found be associated outcome served an independent prognosticator IMvigor210 cohort. It also demonstrated superior predictive capacity (AUC = 0.717) immunotherapy compared like TMB PD-L1. Finally, evaluated Ascore’s prognostic performance non-invasive biomarker our (Gulou-Cohort1) using circulating detection, achieving AUC 0.803. Another (Gulou-Cohort2) consisted 40 undergoing neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 treatment examined. Immunohistochemistry these revealed its correlation pathological ( P 0.004). Impressively, 0.913) surpassed PD-L1 0.662) forecasting indicated better net benefit. In conclusion, study introduces novel, robust offering new tool enhancing decisions contributing tailored approaches field.

Language: Английский

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Engineered M13 phage as a novel therapeutic bionanomaterial for clinical applications: From tissue regeneration to cancer therapy

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20, P. 100612 - 100612

Published: March 24, 2023

Bacteriophages (phages) are nanostructured viruses with highly selective antibacterial properties that have gained attention beyond eliminating bacteria. Specifically, M13 phages filamentous recently been studied in various aspects of nanomedicine due to their biological advantages and more compliant engineering capabilities over other phages. Having nanofiber-like morphology, can reach varied target sites self-assemble into multidimensional scaffolds a relatively safe stable way. In addition, genetic modification the coat proteins enables specific display peptides antibodies on phages, allowing for precise individualized medicine. also subjected novel approaches, including phage-based bionanomaterial phage-directed nanomaterial combinations enhance view these features, researchers able utilize therapeutic applications such as drug delivery, biodetection, tissue regeneration, targeted cancer therapy. particular, utilized precisely mimicking natural environment order overcome shortage organ donors. Hence, this review, we address recent studies advances using field agents based upon characteristics biomolecules displayed. This paper emphasizes approach enhances phage's capabilities. Current limitations future approaches discussed provide insight further progress clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Emerging histological and serological biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Applications in diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and personalized therapeutics (Review)

Oncology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(6)

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity and accounts for >90% all cancers. Despite advances in diagnostic procedures therapeutic interventions, overall survival has not improved significantly recent decades, primarily due to late diagnosis, locoregional recurrence treatment resistance. Identifying reliable biomarkers early detection, prognosis evaluation response prediction critical improving clinical outcomes patients with OSCC. In present review, prognostic predictive utility circulating biomarkers, such as tumour cells, serological histological genetic were explored context addition, potential role immune checkpoints OSCC was highlighted rapidly evolving field liquid biopsy its revolutionize examined. The existing evidence these critically evaluated challenges limitations associated their introduction into routine practice addressed. conclusion, review highlights promising current understanding pathogenesis offers avenues patient care through personalized medicine approaches.

Language: Английский

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Biological and Genetic Mechanisms of COPD, Its Diagnosis, Treatment, and Relationship with Lung Cancer

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 448 - 448

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most prevalent chronic adult diseases, with significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. Although long-term tobacco smoking a critical risk factor for this global health problem, its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Several phenomena are thought to be involved in evolution emphysema, including airway inflammation, proteinase/anti-proteinase imbalance, oxidative stress, genetic/epigenetic modifications. Furthermore, COPD main lung cancer (LC), deadliest form human tumor; formation inflammation accompanying can potential driver malignancy maturation (0.8–1.7% cases develop cancer/per year). Recently, development more research based on analysis has provided new light understanding their pathogenesis, improving diagnosis treatments, elucidating many connections between these diseases. Our review emphasizes biological factors cancer, advances mechanisms’ research, state art treatments. This work combines genetic elements into single whole strongly links tumor features.

Language: Английский

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