bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 1, 2022
Abstract
Increasing
the
confidence
in
using
vitro
and
silico
model-based
data
to
aid
chemical
risk
assessment
process
is
one,
if
not
most,
important
challenge
currently
facing
regulatory
authorities.
A
particularly
crucial
concern
fully
take
advantage
of
scientifically
valid
Physiologically-Based
Kinetic
(PBK)
models.
Nevertheless,
assessors
remain
still
unwilling
employing
PBK
models
within
their
daily
work.
Indeed,
are
often
included
current
official
guidance
documents.
In
addition,
most
users
have
limited
experience
modelling
general.
So,
complexity
models,
together
with
a
lack
evaluation
methods
performances,
certainly
contributes
under-use
practical
assessment.
This
paper
proposes
an
innovative
unified
framework,
both
writing
equations
as
matrix
ordinary
differential
(ODE),
its
exact
solving
simply
expressed
products.
generic
solution
allows
consider
many
state-variables
needed
quantify
absorption,
distribution,
metabolism
excretion
processes
living
organisms
when
exposed
substances.
model
makes
possible
any
compartmentalisation
be
considered,
well
all
appropriate
inter-connections
between
compartments
external
medium.
We
first
introduce
our
intermediate
steps
from
ODE
solution.
Then
we
apply
this
framework
bioaccumulation
testing,
before
illustrating
concrete
use
through
complementary
case
studies
terms
species,
compounds
complexity.
Figure
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
58(8), P. 3677 - 3689
Published: Feb. 14, 2024
High-throughput
in
vitro
assays
combined
with
vitro–in
vivo
extrapolation
(IVIVE)
leverage
responses
to
predict
the
corresponding
exposures
and
thresholds
of
concern.
The
integrated
approach
is
also
expected
offer
potential
for
efficient
tools
provide
estimates
chemical
toxicity
various
wildlife
species
instead
animal
testing.
However,
developing
fish
physiologically
based
toxicokinetic
(PBTK)
models
IVIVE
ecological
applications
challenging,
especially
plausible
estimation
an
internal
effective
dose,
such
as
equivalent
concentration
(FEC).
Here,
a
PBTK
model
linked
was
established,
parameter
optimization
unbound
fraction,
pH-dependent
ionization
hepatic
clearance,
integration
temperature
effect
growth
dilution.
PBTK–IVIVE
provides
not
only
more
precise
tissue-specific
concentrations
but
reasonable
approximation
FEC
targeting
estrogenic
potency
endocrine-disrupting
chemicals.
Both
predictions
were
compared
data
accurate
most
indissociable/dissociable
Furthermore,
can
help
determine
cross-species
variability
sensitivity
among
five
species.
Using
available
IVIVE-derived
target
pathways
helpful
develop
predicted
no-effect
chemicals
similar
mode
action
support
screening-level
risk
assessment.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(49), P. 20761 - 20772
Published: Nov. 29, 2023
Nano-
and
microplastics
(NMPs)
are
now
prevalent
in
the
marine
environment.
This
study
quantified
uptake
depuration
kinetics
of
spherical
polystyrene
NMPs
different
particle
sizes
(200
nm/30
μm)
functional
groups
(−NH2/–COOH)
a
temperate
calanoid
copepod
Calanus
sinicus
(C.
sinicus),
which
exhibited
rhythmic
feeding
patterns
natural
environments.
Aggregated-induced
emission
(AIE)
fluorescent
probes
were
employed
to
track
quantify
with
excellent
photostability
biocompatibility.
The
results
showed
that
C.
consumed
all
types,
preference
small
size
amino
group.
Increased
diatom
concentrations
also
inhibited
bioaccumulation
NMPs.
Influenced
by
behavior,
was
nonstationary
during
6
h
phase.
After
1–3
rapid
uptake,
body
burden
peaked
then
slowly
declined.
During
3
phase,
rapidly
efficiently
removed
mean
half-life
only
0.23
h.
To
further
under
influence
biokinetic
model
established,
Markov
chain
Monte
Carlo
method
used
estimate
parameter
distribution.
Our
highlighted
copepods
unique
behavior
environmentally
relevant
exposure,
may
bioaccumulation,
trophic
transfer,
environmental
fate
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Abstract
The
metallothionein
gene
family
codes
for
proteins
involved
in
metal
homeostasis
and
acute
detoxification
of
non-essential
toxic
ions
across
the
tree
life.
We
have
previously
documented
increased
cadmium
(Cd)
tolerance
field
populations
crustacean
Gammarus
fossarum
exposed
to
chronic
metallic
contamination
geochemical
origin.
This
is
lost
during
maintenance
organisms
laboratory,
transmitted
offspring
via
parental
effects.
study
investigated
whether
expression
Cd-responsive
mt1
could
be
related
Cd-tolerance
plasticity
G.
.
In
eleven
with
different
Cd
exposure
history,
we
simultaneously
assessed
(mortality
tests)
levels
by
RT-qPCR
gills
caeca
adult
males
neonates.
two
organs
were
correlated
a
loss
was
observed
parallel
decreased
after
uncontaminated
water.
also
recorded
greater
inducibility
tolerant
laboratory
when
re-exposed
along
bi-parental
transmission
Cd-tolerance.
These
results
suggest
that
control
gammarid
histories
exposure.
Highlights
-
hepatopancreatic
associated
populations.
Plasticity
tolerance.
Parental
effect
supported
transgenerational
expression,
underlid
an
induction
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: April 22, 2025
Abstract
The
metallothionein
gene
family
codes
for
proteins
involved
in
metal
homeostasis
and
acute
detoxification
of
non-essential
toxic
ions
across
the
tree
life.
We
have
previously
documented
increased
cadmium
(Cd)
tolerance
field
populations
crustacean
Gammarus
fossarum
exposed
to
chronic
metallic
contamination
geochemical
origin.
This
is
lost
during
maintenance
organisms
laboratory,
transmitted
offspring
via
parental
effects.
study
investigated
whether
expression
Cd-responsive
mt1
could
be
related
Cd-tolerance
plasticity
G.
fossarum.
In
eleven
with
different
Cd
exposure
history,
we
simultaneously
assessed
(mortality
tests)
levels
by
RT-qPCR
gills
caeca
adult
males
neonates.
two
organs
were
correlated
a
loss
was
observed
parallel
decreased
after
uncontaminated
water.
also
recorded
greater
inducibility
tolerant
laboratory
when
re-exposed
along
bi-parental
transmission
Cd-tolerance.
These
results
suggest
that
control
gammarid
histories
exposure.
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
171, P. 107673 - 107673
Published: Dec. 5, 2022
Information
on
the
relationship
between
exposure
concentrations
of
metals
and
their
biodistribution
among
organs
remained
scarce
in
invertebrates.
The
objective
this
study
was
to
investigate
effects
Cd
concentration
organotropism,
toxico-kinetic
fate
metal
different
gammarids
exposed
dissolved
radioisotope
109Cd.
Gammarids
male
were
for
7
days
three
environmental
(i.e.
4,
52
350
ng.L-1)
before
being
placed
depuration
conditions
uncontaminated
water).
At
several
sampling
times,
determined
by
109Cd
γ-counting
water,
caeca,
cephalon,
gills,
intestine
remaining
tissues.
Bioconcentration
Factors
(BCF)
relative
proportions
calculated
assess
effect
bioaccumulation
capacities.
dependance
organ-specific
kinetic
parameters
water
estimated
fitting
nested
one-compartment
(TK)
models
both
accumulation
data,
Bayesian
inference.
Then,
each
concentrations,
exchanges
over
time
formalized
a
multi-compartments
TK
model
fitted
all
organ
data
simultaneously.
Our
results
highlighted
that,
at
end
phase,
BCF
proportions,
organ,
not
significantly
modulated
concentrations.
Kinetically,
rates
(except
intestines)
depended
concentration,
but
elimination
rates.
vivo
management
organs)
qualitatively
unchanged
according
concentration.
All
these
also
key
role
that
Cd:
bioconcentration
storage
gills
main
entry
pathway
intestine.
This
shows
interest
implementing
approaches
test
factors
bioaccumulation,
inter-organ
contaminants
invertebrate
body
enhance
understanding
toxicity
risk.