Charting the landscape of the environmental exposome

iMeta, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1(4)

Published: Sept. 2, 2022

Abstract The exposome depicts the total exposures in lifetime of an organism. Human comprises from environmental and humanistic sources. Biological, chemical, physical pose potential health threats, especially to susceptible populations. Although still its nascent stage, we are beginning recognize vast dynamic nature exposome. In this review, systematically summarize biological chemical exposomes three broad matrices—air, soil, water; each contains several distinct subcategories, along with a brief introduction Disease‐related highlighted, humans also major source disease‐related exposures. We further discuss interactions between biological, exposomes. Finally, propose list outstanding challenges under research framework that need be addressed move field forward. Taken together, present detailed landscape prime researchers join exciting new field.

Language: Английский

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Association between Organophosphate Ester Exposure and Insulin Resistance with Glycometabolic Disorders among Older Chinese Adults 60–69 Years of Age: Evidence from the China BAPE Study

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 131(4)

Published: April 1, 2023

Background: Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are common endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and OPE exposure may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, greater knowledge regarding the biomolecular intermediators underlying impact of OPEs on T2D in humans needed to understand biological etiology. Objectives: We explored associations between glycometabolic markers among older Chinese adults 60–69 years age elucidate mechanisms using a multi-omics approach. Methods: This was longitudinal panel study comprising 76 healthy participants who lived Jinan city northern China. The conducted once every month for 5 months, from September 2018 January 2019. measured total 17 blood, 11 metabolites urine, 4 (fasting plasma glucose, glycated serum protein, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance). blood transcriptome serum/urine metabolome were also evaluated. individual explored. An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) established determine biomolecules mediating associations. Results: Exposure five (trimethylolpropane phosphate, triphenyl tri-iso-butyl dibutyl diphenyl phosphate) increased levels markers. mixture effect analysis further indicated mixtures. Multi-omics analyses revealed that endogenous changes transcriptional metabolic exposure. putative AOPs suggested triggers molecular initiation events (e.g., receptor glucose transporter 4) subsequent key events, including disruptions signal transduction pathways phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B secretion signaling) functions (glucose uptake secretion), constitute diabetogenic effects OPEs. Discussion: elevated risk age. Implementing reduction strategies help reduce burden these individuals, if relationship is causal. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11896

Language: Английский

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Penetration of Organophosphate Triesters and Diesters across the Blood–Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier: Efficiencies, Impact Factors, and Mechanisms

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(12), P. 8221 - 8230

Published: June 6, 2022

The penetration of organophosphate triesters (tri-OPEs) and diesters (di-OPEs) across the blood–brain barrier their influencing factors remain unclear in humans. In this study, 21 tri-OPEs 8 di-OPEs were measured 288 paired serum cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected Jinan, China. Six frequently detected both CSF, with median concentrations ranging from 0.062 to 1.62 0.042–1.11 ng/mL, respectively. Their efficiencies blood–CSF (BCSFB) (RCSF/serum, CCSF/Cserum) calculated at 0.667–2.80, these first increased then decreased log Kow values. reduced triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl (EHDPP) may be attributed strong binding affinities for human albumin p-glycoprotein due high hydrophobicity aryl structure, as indicated by molecular docking. This suggests that active efflux transport involved TPHP EHDPP addition passive diffusion similar other four tri-OPEs. Di-OPEs found few even fewer CSF samples, indicating limited BCSFB permeability. polarity, low hydrophobicity, ionic state blood. study has important implications understanding neurotoxicity underlying mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Triphenyl phosphate proved more potent than its metabolite diphenyl phosphate in inducing hepatic insulin resistance through endoplasmic reticulum stress

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 107749 - 107749

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) is a widely used flame retardant and plasticizer has been detected extensively in environmental media, wildlife human bodies. Several epidemiological animal studies have revealed that TPHP exposure positively associated with glucose homeostasis disruption diabetes. However, the effects of on hepatic underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present work aimed to investigate cytotoxicity metabolism its metabolite diphenyl (DPHP) within hepatocytes. cell viability assay undertaken normal liver (L02) cells showed exhibited more potent hepatotoxicity than DPHP. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data DPHP presented different modes toxic action. Insulin resistance one predominant toxicities for TPHP, but not insulin-stimulated uptake glycogen synthesis were impaired by while no significant impairment these factors. induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ER stress antagonist 4-PBA restored TPHP. could also induce insulin mice. Taken together, results suggested induces through

Language: Английский

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Spatial and temporal variability and risk assessment of organophosphate esters in seawater and sediments of the Yangtze River estuary

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 198, P. 115904 - 115904

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Occurrence of high production volume chemicals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban sites close to industrial areas. Human exposure and risk assessment

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 351, P. 141167 - 141167

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Evaluating the occurrence of high production volume chemicals (HPVCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air is important because they carry a carcinogenic risk can lead to respiratory or endocrine problems. Examples HPVCs are organophosphate esters, benzosulfonamides, benzothiazoles, phthalate esters (PAEs), phenolic antioxidants ultraviolet stabilizers. In this paper we develop multi-residue method for determining PAHs samples via pressurized liquid extraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Air were collected active sampling with samplers using quartz fiber filter particulate matter (PM10) polyurethane foams phase. The compounds found at highest concentrations PAEs, concentration up 24 ng m−3 DEHP phase 109 DEHA PM10. Non-carcinogenic assessment results ranged from 9.7E-05 9.5E-03 most studied. On other hand, showed that made contribution.

Language: Английский

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Integrating Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling-Based Forward Dosimetry and in Vitro Bioassays to Improve the Risk Assessment of Organophosphate Esters on Human Health

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(4), P. 1764 - 1775

Published: Jan. 2, 2023

The ability to accurately assess the health risks of contaminants is limited by shortcomings toxicological standards. Using organophosphate esters (OPEs) as an example, this study attempted integrate physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK)-based forward dosimetry and in vitro bioassays likelihood inducing biological effects humans. total exposure level OPEs for Chinese residents was 19.5 ± 8.71 ng/kg/day with inhalation being main pathway. Then, human PBPK models were developed individual predict their steady-state concentrations tissues, predicted median levels blood close measurements. reference doses (RfDs) on comparable vivo animal-derived RfDs, demonstrating reliability bioassays. Therefore, bioactivities humans (RQin-vitro) calculated using toxicity data OPE tissues. RQin-vitros tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate, tris(1,3-dichloropropyl) triphenyl phosphate (7.68 × 10–5–3.18 10–3) assessed traditional RfDs (5.22 10–5–1.94 10–3), indicating credibility method proposed study. This establishes a new framework improve risk assessment without sufficient minimize need animal experimentation.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Exposure to a Mixture of Organophosphate Esters on Adrenal Cell Phenotype, Lipidome, and Function

Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 165(4)

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Abstract Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are used primarily as flame retardants and plasticizers. Previously, we reported that adrenal cells important targets of individual OPEs. However, real-life exposures to complex mixtures these chemicals. To address this, exposed H295R human varying dilutions (1/1000K 1/3K) a Canadian household dust–based OPE mixture for 48 hours evaluated effects on phenotypic, lipidomic, functional parameters. Using high-content screening approach, assessed phenotypic markers at concentrations which there was greater than 70% cell survival; the most striking effect 2.5-fold increase in total area lipid droplets. We then determined response specific species with novel, nontargeted lipidomic analysis isolated These data revealed house dust OPEs induced concentration-dependent alterations composition droplets, particularly affecting triglyceride, diglyceride, phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol ester subclasses. The steroid-producing function presence or absence steroidogenic stimulus, forskolin, determined. While production 17β-estradiol remained unaffected, slight decrease testosterone observed after stimulation. Conversely, 2-fold both basal stimulated cortisol aldosterone observed. Thus, exposure exerts endocrine-disrupting cells, highlighting importance assessing environmentally relevant mixtures.

Language: Английский

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Organophosphate triesters and their diester degradation products in the atmosphere–A critical review

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 346, P. 123653 - 123653

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Organophosphate triesters (tri-OPEs) have found substantial use as plasticizers and flame retardants in commercial industrial products. Despite upcoming potential restrictions on of OPEs, widespread environmental contamination is likely for the foreseeable future. diesters (di-OPEs) are known biotic or abiotic degradation products tri-OPEs. In addition, direct di-OPEs also contributes to their presence atmosphere. We review available data with tri-OPEs both indoor outdoor air. Concentrations air exceed those The discovery tri-OPE traces polar regions oceans noteworthy evidence that they undergo long-range transport. There only two studies no until now. Current research urgently needed, especially countries potentially high exposure such UK US. Di-OPE concentrations higher at e-waste dismantling areas than surrounding area. summarise methods employed sampling analysis OPEs atmosphere assess relative contribution atmospheric made by triesters, compared by-products triester Finally, we identify shortcomings current provide suggestions future research.

Language: Английский

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Prenatal organophosphate esters exposure and neurodevelopment trajectory in infancy: Evidence from the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 927, P. 172366 - 172366

Published: April 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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