Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(43), P. 16206 - 16218
Published: Oct. 19, 2023
Prenatal
exposure
to
single
chemicals
belonging
the
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
family
is
associated
with
biological
perturbations
in
mother,
fetus,
placenta,
plus
adverse
health
outcomes.
Despite
our
knowledge
that
humans
are
exposed
multiple
PFAS,
potential
joint
effects
of
PFAS
on
metabolome
remain
largely
unknown.
Here,
we
leveraged
high-resolution
metabolomics
identify
metabolites
metabolic
pathways
perturbed
by
a
mixture
during
pregnancy.
Targeted
assessment
perfluorooctanoic
acid
(PFOA),
perfluorononanoic
(PFNA),
perfluorooctanesulfonic
(PFOS),
perfluorohexanesulfonic
(PFHxS),
along
untargeted
profiling,
were
conducted
nonfasting
serum
samples
collected
from
pregnant
African
Americans
at
6–17
weeks
gestation.
We
estimated
overall
effect
partial
using
quantile
g-computation
single-chemical
linear
regression.
All
models
adjusted
for
maternal
age,
education,
parity,
early
pregnancy
body
mass
index,
substance
use,
gestational
sample
collection.
Our
analytic
included
268
participants
was
socioeconomically
diverse,
majority
receiving
public
insurance
(78%).
observed
13.3%
detected
features
(n
=
1705,
p
<
0.05),
which
more
than
any
chemicals.
There
consistent
association
indicative
systemic
inflammation
oxidative
stress
(e.g.,
glutathione,
histidine,
leukotriene,
linoleic
acid,
prostaglandins,
vitamins
A,
C,
D,
E
metabolism)
across
all
metabolome-wide
studies.
Twenty-six
validated
against
authenticated
compounds
(p
0.05).
Based
weights,
PFNA
contributed
most
γ-aminobutyric
(GABA),
tyrosine,
uracil.
In
one
first
studies
its
kind,
demonstrate
feasibility
utility
methods
designed
mixtures
conjunction
assess
human
metabolome.
identified
pronounced
Taken
together,
findings
illustrate
integrating
environmental
analyses
high-throughput
elucidate
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
health.
Environmental Health Perspectives,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
131(3)
Published: March 1, 2023
Background:
Per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
persistent
ubiquitous
chemicals
associated
with
risk
of
adverse
birth
outcomes.
Results
previous
studies
have
been
inconsistent.
Associations
between
PFAS
outcomes
may
be
affected
by
psychosocial
stress.
Objectives:
We
estimated
in
relation
to
prenatal
concentrations
evaluate
whether
maternal
stress
modifies
those
relationships.
Methods:
included
3,339
participants
from
11
prospective
cohorts
the
Environmental
influences
on
Child
Health
Outcomes
(ECHO)
program
estimate
associations
five
stratified
perceived
scale
scores
examine
effect
modification
used
Bayesian
Weighted
Sums
mixtures
PFAS.
Results:
observed
reduced
size
increased
all
For
a
1-unit
higher
log-normalized
exposure
perfluorooctanoic
acid
(PFOA),
perfluorooctanesulfonic
(PFOS),
perfluorononanoic
(PFNA),
perfluorohexane
sulfonic
(PFHxS),
we
lower
birthweight-for-gestational-age
z-scores
β=−0.15
[95%
confidence
interval
(CI):
−0.27,
−0.03],
β=−0.14
(95%
CI:
−0.28,
−0.002),
β=−0.22
−0.23,
−0.10),
β=−0.06
−0.18,
0.06),
β=−0.25
−0.37,
−0.14),
respectively.
odds
ratio
(OR)
for
large-for-gestational-age:
ORPFNA=0.56
0.38,
0.83),
ORPFDA=0.52
0.35,
0.77).
increase
concentration
summed
PFAS,
z-score
[−0.28;
95%
highest
posterior
density
(HPD):
−0.44,
−0.14]
decreased
large-for-gestational-age
(OR=0.49;
HPD:
0.29,
0.82).
Perfluorodecanoic
(PFDA)
explained
percentage
(40%)
both
models.
were
not
modified
Discussion:
Our
large,
multi-cohort
study
found
negative
association
birthweight-for-gestational-age,
different
groups
high
vs.
low
This
can
help
inform
policy
reduce
exposures
environment
humans.
https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10723
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: May 30, 2023
Abstract
Marginalized
populations
experience
disproportionate
rates
of
preterm
birth
and
early
term
birth.
Exposure
to
per-
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
has
been
reported
reduce
length
gestation,
but
the
underlying
mechanisms
are
unknown.
In
present
study,
we
characterized
molecular
signatures
prenatal
PFAS
exposure
gestational
age
at
outcomes
in
newborn
dried
blood
spot
metabolome
among
267
African
American
dyads
Atlanta,
Georgia
between
2016
2020.
Pregnant
people
with
higher
serum
perfluorooctanoic
acid
perfluorohexane
sulfonic
concentrations
had
increased
odds
an
After
false
discovery
rate
correction,
effect
on
reduced
gestation
was
associated
8
metabolomic
pathways
52
metabolites
spots,
which
suggested
perturbed
tissue
neogenesis,
neuroendocrine
function,
redox
homeostasis.
These
explain
how
gives
rise
leading
cause
infant
death
United
States.
Environmental Research,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
211, P. 112903 - 112903
Published: Feb. 26, 2022
Associations
between
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS),
mainly
PFOS
PFOA,
increased
blood
lipids
have
been
reported
primarily
from
cross-sectional
studies.
The
aim
of
the
present
study
was
to
investigate
associations
multiple
PFAS
in
a
longitudinal
fashion.A
total
864
men
women
aged
70
years
free
lipid
medication
were
included
Prospective
Investigation
Vasculature
Uppsala
Seniors
(PIVUS)
Sweden,
614
404
those
reinvestigated
at
age
75
80.
At
all
three
occasions,
eight
measured
plasma
using
ultra-performance
liquid
chromatography-tandem
mass
spectrometry
(UPLC-MS/MS).
Total
cholesterol,
triglycerides,
low-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol
(LDL-C)
high-density
(HDL-C)
also
occasions.
Mixed-effects
linear
regression
models
used
examine
relationship
changes
levels
levels.Changes
six
out
investigated
positively
associated
with
after
adjustment
for
sex,
change
body
index
(BMI),
smoking,
physical
activity,
statin
use
(age
same
subjects),
correction
testing.
For
example,
perfluorodecanoic
acid
(PFDA)
(β:
0.23,
95%
confidence
interval
(CI):
0.14
0.32),
triglycerides
0.08,
CI:
0.04-0.12)
HDL-cholesterol
0.04-0.11).In
this
measurements
over
10
both
lipids,
giving
further
support
role
exposure
human
metabolism.
Chemical Research in Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
35(8), P. 1312 - 1333
Published: Aug. 3, 2022
Per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
a
group
of
persistent
environmental
pollutants
that
ubiquitously
found
in
the
environment
virtually
all
living
organisms,
including
humans.
PFAS
cross
blood–brain
barrier
accumulate
brain.
Thus,
likely
risk
for
neurotoxicity.
Studies
measured
levels
brains
humans,
polar
bears,
rats
have
demonstrated
some
areas
brain
greater
amounts
PFAS.
Moreover,
there
is
evidence
exposure
associated
with
attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder
(ADHD)
children
an
increased
cause
death
from
Parkinson's
disease
Alzheimer's
elderly
populations.
Given
possible
links
to
neurological
disease,
critical
analyses
mechanisms
neurotoxic
action
necessary
advance
field.
This
paper
critically
reviews
studies
investigated
potential
mechanistic
causes
neurotoxicity
(1)
change
neurotransmitter
levels,
(2)
dysfunction
synaptic
calcium
homeostasis,
(3)
alteration
neuronal
protein
expression
function.
We
growing
through
disruption
neurotransmission,
particularly
dopamine
glutamate
systems,
which
implicated
age-related
psychiatric
illnesses
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Evaluated
research
has
shown
highly
reproduced
hippocampus
catecholamine
hypothalamus
decreased
whole
after
exposure.
There
significant
gaps
literature
relative
assessment
nigrostriatal
system
(striatum
ventral
midbrain)
among
other
regions
PFAS-associated
neurologic
observed
In
conclusion,
suggests
may
be
chronic
it
imperative
future
assess
impact
mixtures
on
mechanism
neurotransmission
consequential
functional
effects.
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
169, P. 107541 - 107541
Published: Sept. 27, 2022
Oxidative
stress
from
excess
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
is
a
hypothesized
contributor
to
preterm
birth.
Per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
exposure
reported
generate
ROS
in
laboratory
settings,
linked
adverse
birth
outcomes
globally.
However,
our
knowledge,
the
relationship
between
PFAS
oxidative
has
not
been
examined
context
of
human
pregnancy.To
investigate
associations
prenatal
biomarkers
among
pregnant
people.Our
analytic
sample
included
428
participants
enrolled
Illinois
Kids
Development
Study
Chemicals
In
Our
Bodies
prospective
cohorts
2014
2019.
Twelve
were
measured
second
trimester
serum.
We
focused
on
seven
that
detected
>65
%
participants.
Urinary
levels
8-isoprostane-prostaglandin-F2α,
prostaglandin-F2α,
2,3-dinor-8-iso-PGF2α,
2,3-dinor-5,6-dihydro-8-iso-PGF2α
third
trimesters
as
stress.
fit
linear
mixed-effects
models
estimate
individual
biomarkers.
used
quantile
g-computation
Bayesian
kernel
machine
regression
(BKMR)
assess
mixture
averaged
biomarkers.Linear
showed
an
interquartile
range
increase
perfluorooctane
sulfonic
acid
(PFOS)
was
associated
with
8-isoprostane-prostaglandin-F2α
(β
=
0.10,
95
confidence
interval
0,
0.20).
both
BKMR,
across
all
biomarkers,
PFOS
contributed
most
overall
effect.
The
six
remaining
significantly
changes
biomarkers.Our
study
first
during
pregnancy.
found
elevated
stress,
which
consistent
prior
work
animal
cell
lines.
Future
research
needed
understand
how
maternal
may
affect
fetal
development.
Environmental Health,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: May 10, 2023
Per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
used
for
their
properties
such
as
stain
water
resistance.
The
have
been
associated
with
adverse
health
outcomes
in
both
pregnant
mothers
infants,
including
pre-eclampsia
low
birthweight.
A
growing
body
of
research
suggests
that
PFAS
transferred
from
mother
to
fetus
through
the
placenta,
leading
utero
exposure.
systematic
review
was
performed
using
PubMed
database
search
studies
evaluating
determinants
concentrations
blood
matrices
neonates
shortly
after
birth.
Studies
were
included
this
if
an
observational
study
design
utilized,
exposure
at
least
one
analyte
measured,
measured
maternal
or
neonatal
matrices,
determinant
assessed,
results
beta
estimates
provided.
We
identified
35
inclusion
evaluated
relationships
among
factors
collected
these
studies.
Parity,
breastfeeding
history,
race
country
origin,
household
income
had
strongest
most
consistent
evidence
support
roles
certain
mothers.
Reported
findings
on
smoking
status,
alcohol
consumption,
pre-pregnancy
mass
index
(BMI)
suggest
not
important
neonates.
Further
into
informative
consumer
product
use,
detailed
dietary
information,
consumed
sources
potential
is
needed.
Research
critical
estimate
past
exposure,
build
improved
models,
further
our
understanding
dose-response
relationships,
which
can
influence
epidemiological
risk
assessment
evaluations.
Given
exposed
PFAS,
it
identify
understand
better
implement
public
interventions
populations.
Environmental Health Perspectives,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
131(5)
Published: May 1, 2023
Background:
Understanding
the
mechanistic
basis
of
air
pollution
toxicity
is
dependent
on
accurately
characterizing
both
exposure
and
biological
responses.
Untargeted
metabolomics,
an
analysis
small-molecule
metabolic
phenotypes,
may
offer
improved
estimation
exposures
corresponding
health
responses
to
complex
environmental
mixtures
such
as
pollution.
The
field
remains
nascent,
however,
with
questions
concerning
coherence
generalizability
findings
across
studies,
study
designs
analytical
platforms.
Objectives:
We
aimed
review
state
research
from
studies
using
untargeted
high-resolution
metabolomics
(HRM),
highlight
areas
concordance
dissimilarity
in
methodological
approaches
reported
findings,
discuss
a
path
forward
for
future
use
this
platform
research.
Methods:
conducted
state-of-the-science
a)
summarize
recent
b)
identify
gaps
peer-reviewed
literature
opportunities
addressing
these
designs.
screened
articles
published
within
Pubmed
Web
Science
between
1
January
2005
31
March
2022.
Two
reviewers
independently
2,065
abstracts,
discrepancies
resolved
by
third
reviewer.
Results:
identified
47
that
applied
serum,
plasma,
whole
blood,
urine,
saliva,
or
other
biospecimens
investigate
impact
human
metabolome.
Eight
hundred
sixteen
unique
features
confirmed
level-1
-2
evidence
were
be
associated
at
least
one
more
pollutants.
Hypoxanthine,
histidine,
serine,
aspartate,
glutamate
among
35
metabolites
consistently
exhibiting
associations
multiple
pollutants
5
independent
studies.
Oxidative
stress
inflammation-related
pathways—including
glycerophospholipid
metabolism,
pyrimidine
methionine
cysteine
tyrosine
tryptophan
metabolism—were
most
commonly
perturbed
pathways
>70%
More
than
80%
not
chemically
annotated,
limiting
interpretability
findings.
Conclusions:
Numerous
investigations
have
demonstrated
feasibility
linking
internal
dose
response.
Our
existing
HRM–air
points
underlying
consistency
range
sample
quantitation
methods,
extraction
algorithms,
statistical
modeling
approaches.
Future
directions
should
focus
validation
via
hypothesis-driven
protocols
technical
advances
annotation
quantification.
https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11851