Tracking PFAS in Drinking Water: A Review of Analytical Methods and Worldwide Occurrence Trends in Tap Water and Bottled Water

ACS ES&T Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 246 - 261

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) used in various industrial applications are pollutants of concern for the environment human health. Drinking water consumption is one key exposure pathway to PFAS, as recently highlighted by multiple studies on their occurrence tap bottled worldwide. However, PFAS quantification at low part-per-trillion (ng/L) or part-per-quadrillion (pg/L) concentrations remains challenging. presence blanks incomplete method recoveries can lead false positives negatives; concentration changes under different storage durations conditions also affect accuracy precision. Here, we review most recent data related analytical methods that were research articles detection from drinking water. Commonly encountered pitfalls summarized, performance appraised including limits, recovery, matrix effects, other quality assurance/quality control endpoints. In addition, collated available guidelines health advisory levels Finally, compiled legacy emerging

Language: Английский

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A Mini-Review of Full-Scale Drinking Water Treatment Plants for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Removal: Possible Solutions and Future Directions

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 451 - 451

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) recently finalized the enforceable maximum contaminant levels for some per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water which intends to substantially decrease their level it. Conventional processes full-scale treatment plants (DWTPs) are usually inefficient PFAS removal from source (i.e., groundwater surface water). There is an increasing interest investigating/evaluating advanced technologies PFAS-contaminated help generate a number of potential solutions this engineering design challenge/problem. While numerous excellent research studies have been carried out reported literature on efficiency several removing water, mostly at lab- pilot-scales, DWTP investigations still need further attention. This study reviews US EPA’s quality guidelines/regulations, remediation DWTPs. Then, it discusses configurations water) as well suggesting future directions. Further effect environmental factors (e.g., organic matter) removal, effective elimination short-chain real using cost-effective industrially applicable technologies, efficiency/performance trains including innovative long-term produce associated costs, cost reduction/minimization via process optimization interest.

Language: Английский

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Non-target and target screening of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in landfill leachate and impact on groundwater in Guangzhou, China

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 844, P. 157021 - 157021

Published: June 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Target and nontarget screening of PFAS in drinking water for a large-scale survey of urban and rural communities in Québec, Canada

Water Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 233, P. 119750 - 119750

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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Non-targeted analysis for the screening and semi-quantitative estimates of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water samples from South Florida environments

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 452, P. 131224 - 131224

Published: March 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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Further Insight into Extractable (Organo)fluorine Mass Balance Analysis of Tap Water from Shanghai, China

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(38), P. 14330 - 14339

Published: Sept. 15, 2023

The ubiquitous occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) the detection unexplained extractable organofluorine (EOF) in drinking water have raised growing concerns. A recent study reported inorganic fluorinated anions German river systems, therefore, some samples, EOF may include anions. Thus, it might be more appropriate to use term "extractable fluorine (EF) analysis" instead analysis. In this study, tap samples (n = 39) from Shanghai were collected assess levels EF/EOF, 35 target PFAS, two (tetrafluoroborate (BF4-) hexafluorophosphate (PF6-)), novel PFAS through suspect screening potential oxidizable precursors oxidative conversion. results showed that ultra-short largest contributors accounting for up 97% ΣPFAS. To best our knowledge, was first time bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NTf2) China, p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS) also identified screening. Small amounts can oxidatively converted PFCAs noted after EF mass balance analysis revealed could only explain less than 36% EF. However, greatly reduced when BF4- PF6- included. These compounds further explained 44% EF, indicating role

Language: Английский

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Nontarget screening strategies for PFAS prioritization and identification by high resolution mass spectrometry: A review

Trends in Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40, P. e00216 - e00216

Published: Oct. 14, 2023

Language: Английский

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Non-target and target screening and risk assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in textile wastewater and receiving river

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 927, P. 171876 - 171876

Published: March 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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New PFASs Identified in AFFF Impacted Groundwater by Passive Sampling and Nontarget Analysis

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(3), P. 1690 - 1699

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Monitoring contamination from per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water systems impacted by aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) typically addresses a few known PFAS groups. Given the diversity of PFASs present AFFFs, current analytical approaches do not comprehensively address range these systems. A suspect-screening nontarget analysis (NTA) approach was developed applied to identify novel groundwater samples contaminated historic AFFF use. total 88 were identified both passive samplers grab samples, dominated sulfonate derivatives sulfonamide-derived precursors. Several ultrashort-chain (USC) (≤C3) detected, 11 reported for first time Australian groundwater. transformation products identified, including perfluoroalkane sulfonamides (FASAs) sulfinates (PFASis). Two new (((perfluorohexyl)sulfonyl)sulfamic acid; m/z 477.9068 (E)-1,1,2,2,3,3,4,5,6,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooct-6-ene-1-sulfonic 424.9482). This study highlights that several are overlooked using standard target analysis, therefore, potential risk all is likely be underestimated.

Language: Английский

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Non-target screening in water analysis: recent trends of data evaluation, quality assurance, and their future perspectives

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 416(9), P. 2125 - 2136

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract This trend article provides an overview of recent advancements in Non-Target Screening (NTS) for water quality assessment, focusing on new methods data evaluation, qualification, quantification, and assurance (QA/QC). It highlights the evolution NTS processing, where open-source platforms address challenges result comparability complexity. Advanced chemometrics machine learning (ML) are pivotal identification correlation analysis, with a growing emphasis automated workflows robust classification models. The also discusses rigorous QA/QC measures essential NTS, such as internal standards, batch effect monitoring, matrix assessment. examines progress quantitative (qNTS), noting ionization efficiency-based quantification predictive modeling despite sample variability analytical standards. Selected studies illustrate NTS’s role combining high-resolution mass spectrometry chromatographic techniques enhanced chemical exposure addresses prioritization challenges, highlighting integration database searches computational tools efficiency. Finally, outlines future research needs including establishing comprehensive guidelines, improving measures, reporting results. underscores potential to integrate multivariate chemometrics, AI/ML tools, multi-way into combine various sources understand ecosystem health protection comprehensively.

Language: Английский

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