Temporal assessment of SARS-CoV-2 detection in wastewater and its epidemiological implications in COVID-19 case dynamics

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. e29462 - e29462

Published: April 1, 2024

This research evaluated the relationship between daily new Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) concentrations in wastewater, followed by effects of differential SARS-CoV-2 shedding loads across various COVID-19 outbreaks. Linear regression analyses were utilized to examine lead time signal wastewater relative clinical cases. During Delta wave, no was evident, highlighting limited predictive capability monitoring during this phase. However, significant times observed Omicron potentially attributed testing capacity overload subsequent case reporting delays or changes patterns. Post-Omicron wave (Febuary 23 May 19, 2022), discernible, whereas following lifting state emergency (May 30, 2022 2023), correlation coefficient increased demonstrated potential surveillance as an early warning system. Subsequently, we explored virus through feces, operationalized ratio varied significantly Delta, Omicron, other variants post-state-emergency phases, with Kruskal-Wallis H test confirming a difference medians these stages (P < 0.0001). Despite its promise, disease prevalence presents several challenges, including variability, data interpretation complexity, impact environmental factors on viral degradation, lack standardized procedures. Overall, our findings offer insights into concentrations, variation different pandemic underscore promise limitations system for trends.

Language: Английский

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Tracking epidemic viruses in wastewaters

Microbial Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Classical epidemiology relies on incidence, mortality rates, and clinical data from individual testing, which can be challenging for many countries. Therefore, innovative, flexible, cost-effective, scalable surveillance techniques are needed. Wastewater-based (WBE) has emerged as a highly powerful tool in this regard. WBE analyses substances excreted human fluids faeces that enter the sewer system. This approach provides insights into community health status lifestyle habits. serves an early warning system viral surveillance, detecting emergence of new pathogens, changes incidence identifying future trends, studying outbreaks, informing performance action plans. While long been used to study different viruses such poliovirus norovirus, its implementation surged due pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. led establishment wastewater programmes at international, national, levels, remain operational. Furthermore, is increasingly applied other including antibiotic resistance bacteria, parasites, fungi, emerging viruses, with methodologies being developed. Consequently, primary focus now creating international frameworks enhance states' preparedness against risks. However, there remains considerable work done, particularly integrating principles One Health epidemiological acknowledge interconnectedness humans, animals, environment pathogen transmission. Thus, broader analysing three pillars must developed, transitioning environmental establishing routine practice public health.

Language: Английский

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The influence of environmental factors on the detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 variants in dormitory wastewater at a primarily undergraduate institution

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Testing for the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been crucial in tracking spread and informing public health decisions. Wastewater-based epidemiology helped to alleviate some strain testing through broader, population-level surveillance, applied widely on college campuses. However, questions remain about impact various sampling methods, target types, environmental factors, infrastructure variables SARS-CoV-2 detection. Here, we present a data set over 800 wastewater samples that sheds light influence variety these factors quantification using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) from building-specific sewage infrastructure. We consistently quantified significantly higher number copies virus per liter nucleocapsid (N2) compared 1 (N1), regardless method (grab vs composite). further show dormitory-specific differences abundance, including correlations dormitory population size. Environmental like precipitation temperature little no load, with exception temperatures grab sample data. observed gene copy numbers Omicron variant than Delta within ductile iron pipes but difference abundance (N1 or N2) across three different pipe types our set. Our results indicate contextual should be considered when interpreting wastewater-based epidemiological IMPORTANCE viral RNA is shed by symptomatic asymptomatic infected individuals, allowing its genetic material detected wastewater. used measure several dormitories Appalachian State University campus examined quantification. Changes were based type, as well trends variants method. These highlight value applying data-inquiry practices this study better contextualize results.

Language: Английский

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Detection of Measles Virus Genotype A in a Non-Endemic Wastewater Setting: Insights from Measles Wastewater and Environmental Monitoring in Canada’s Capital Region

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 124 - 129

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

The recent global resurgence of measles in 2023–2024, despite vaccine preventability, underscores a critical public health issue, largely due to reduced vaccination coverage during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In response, Ottawa Public Health intensified efforts 2023 and 2024. Additionally, research initiative began April 2024 monitor wastewater for virus (MeV) using established environmental surveillance (WES) protocols. Unexpected positive MeV detections through RT-qPCR wastewater─despite no active regional cases─prompted genotypic retrospective analyses archived RNA samples dating back 2020. analysis identified detection belong genotype A, progenitor strain viral vaccines, marking first report large catchment area. Linear regression revealed aligned with by Health. These findings emphasize importance integrating into WES practices mitigate possible confounding factors, such as shedding wastewater. this highlights potential applications complementary tool. Implementing study WES, other re-emerging viruses, could improve response resource allocation.

Language: Английский

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Seasonal surveillance of various pathogenic viruses in wastewater using a high-throughput PCR system and comparison of two concentration methods

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 978, P. 179362 - 179362

Published: April 19, 2025

In recent years, the analysis of viruses in wastewater has become a recognized method to monitor circulation pathogenic within populations. This non-invasive and integrated approach is all more strategic as many viral pathogens can be released sewage. There currently no standard for virological wastewater, various protocols have been developed concentrate detect this matrix. study aims develop high-throughput qPCR detection system describe occurrence 30 human enteric respiratory influent effluent samples collected Paris area during two periods 2023. The influence concentration (ultracentrifugation or aluminium hydroxide adsorption-precipitation) recovery from was also investigated. ultracentrifugation-based allowed higher (4.95-100 % versus 0.77-33 precipitation-based method), especially waters. PCR array revealed presence viruses, with marked seasonal variations mainly viruses. particularly suitable rapid, sensitive, specific multiple wastewater.

Language: Английский

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Multiplexed detection, partitioning, and persistence of wild type and vaccine strains of measles, mumps, and rubella viruses in wastewater

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 24, 2024

Abstract Wastewater surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases may provide early warning outbreaks and identify areas to target for immunization. To advance wastewater monitoring measles, mumps, rubella viruses, we developed validated a multiplexed RT-ddPCR assay the detection their RNA. Because measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is an attenuated live virus vaccine, also that distinguishes between wild-type strains measles in it using sample collected from facility with active outbreak. We evaluated partitioning behavior viruses liquid solid fractions influent wastewater. found assaying fraction resulted more sensitive despite fact viral RNA was enriched due low solids content Finally, investigated stability samples spiked over 28 days at two different concentrations temperatures (4°C room temperature) observed limited decay. Our study supports feasibility population-level surveillance.

Language: Английский

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Tracking the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on viral gastroenteritis through wastewater-based retrospective analyses

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 905, P. 166557 - 166557

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic possibly disrupted the circulation and seasonality of gastroenteritis viruses (e.g., Norovirus (NoV), Sapovirus (SaV), group A rotavirus (ARoV), Aichivirus (AiV)). Despite growing application wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), there remains a lack sufficient investigations into actual impact on prevalence viruses. In this study, we measured NoV GI GII, SaV, ARoV, AiV RNA concentrations in 296 influent wastewater samples collected from three treatment plants (WWTPs) Sapporo, Japan between October 28, 2018 January 12, 2023 using highly sensitive EPISENS™ method. detection ratios SaV ARoV after May 2020 (SaV: 49.8 % (134/269), ARoV: 57.4 (151/263)) were significantly lower than those before April 93.9 (31/33), 97.0 (32/33); SaV: p < 3.5×10-7, 1.5×10-6). Furthermore, despite comparable (88.5 %, 23/26) during (66.7 80/120) (p = 0.032), GII revealed significant decrease onset 1.5×10-7, Cliff's delta 0.72). sporadically detected (24.7 8/33) (6.5 17/263), whereas was consistently (100 33/33) throughout study period (95.8 252/263). WBE results demonstrated influence countermeasures viruses, with variations observed magnitude their across different types These epidemiological findings highlight that hygiene practices implemented to prevent infections may also be effective for controlling providing invaluable insights public health units development disease management guidelines.

Language: Английский

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Strengthening Pathogen and Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance by Environmental Monitoring in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Stakeholder Survey

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Background: Waterborne diseases pose a significant global public health threat, compelling enhanced comprehensive surveillance. This study investigates the current infectious disease and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance systems, including wastewater environmental (WES), in three sub-Saharan African countries: Tanzania, Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The countries have their specificities regarding networks logistic systems. So, emphasizing need to strengthen existing surveillance, paper advocates for incorporating WES systems specifically designed countries' context monitor waterborne re-emerging pathogens, as well AMR.Methods: National workshops were conducted assess clinical identify priority pathogens new monitoring. Data collected through surveys from experts academia, research, policy, healthcare. Results: Prioritized include (poliovirus, Salmonella Typhi, Vibrio cholerae), respiratory (influenza A&amp;B, SARS-CoV-2), other (Measles Rubella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Recommended AMR drug-resistant tuberculosis, spp., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase carbapenemase-producing E. coli. DRC employ DHSI2-based centralized electronic data collection, complemented by Excel paper-based registries. approach is commonly employed monitoring poliovirus rarely pathogens. Discussion conclusions: valuable tool early detection locally circulating human-derived aiding outbreak detection, data-driven epidemic response, prevention. availability results underscores importance effective sanitation safeguarding human, animal, health. pivotal integrated risk management, preventing outbreaks, protecting drinking water sources, ultimately gaining various UN Sustainable Development Goals. highlights customized line with each country's context, localized approaches AMR.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater Surveillance to Confirm Differences in Influenza A Infection between Michigan, USA, and Ontario, Canada, September 2022–March 2023

Emerging infectious diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(8)

Published: July 30, 2024

Wastewater surveillance is an effective way to track the prevalence of infectious agents within a community and, potentially, spread pathogens between jurisdictions. We conducted retrospective wastewater study 2022-23 influenza season in 2 communities, Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Windsor-Essex, Ontario, Canada, that form North America's largest cross-border conurbation. observed positive relationship influenza-related hospitalizations A virus (IAV) signal Windsor-Essex (ρ = 0.785; p<0.001) association Michigan IAV for Detroit 0.769; p<0.001). Time-lagged cross correlation qualitative examination monitored sewersheds showed peak was delayed behind by 3 weeks. reflects regional differences infection dynamics which may be influenced many factors, including timing vaccine administration

Language: Английский

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Early warning COVID-19 outbreak in long-term care facilities using wastewater surveillance: correlation, prediction, and interaction with clinical and serological statuses

The Lancet Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. 100894 - 100894

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the strategic value of wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) SARS-CoV-2. This multisite 28-month-long study focused on WBS for older residents in 12 long-term care facilities (LTCFs) Edmonton (AB, Canada) by assessing relationships between COVID-19, WBS, and serostatus during pandemic.

Language: Английский

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