International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(2), P. 751 - 751
Published: Jan. 17, 2025
Cadmium
(Cd)
pollution
poses
an
important
problem,
but
limited
information
is
available
about
the
toxicology
effects
of
Cd
on
freshwater
invertebrates.
We
investigated
accumulation,
oxidative
stress,
microbial
community
changes,
and
transcriptomic
alterations
in
apple
snails
(Pomacea
canaliculata)
under
stress.
The
were
exposed
to
10
μg/L
solution
for
16
days,
followed
by
a
16-day
elimination
period.
Our
results
showed
that
liver
accumulated
highest
concentration
(17.41
μg/g),
kidneys
(8.00
μg/g)
intestine-stomach
(6.68
highlighting
these
tissues
as
primary
targets
accumulation.
During
period,
concentrations
decreased
all
tissues,
with
head-foot
shell
exhibiting
over
30%
rates.
stress
also
resulted
reduced
activities
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD),
catalase
(CAT),
glutathione
transferase
(GST)
compared
control
group.
Notably,
even
after
days
depuration,
enzyme
did
not
return
normal
levels,
indicating
persistent
toxicological
effects.
exposure
significantly
diversity
gut
microbiota
P.
canaliculata.
Moreover,
transcriptome
analysis
identified
differentially
expressed
genes
(DEGs)
primarily
associated
lysosome
function,
motor
proteins,
protein
processing
endoplasmic
reticulum,
drug
metabolism
via
cytochrome
P450
(CYP450),
arachidonic
acid
metabolism,
ECM–receptor
interactions.
These
findings
suggest
predominantly
disrupts
cellular
transport
metabolic
processes.
Overall,
our
study
provides
comprehensive
insights
into
impact
canaliculata
emphasizes
importance
understanding
mechanisms
underlying
toxicity
aquatic
organisms.
Animals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 541 - 541
Published: Feb. 6, 2024
The
aim
of
this
study
was
to
investigate
the
effects
dietary
chitosan
supplementation
on
muscle
composition,
digestion,
lipid
metabolism,
and
stress
resistance,
their
related
gene
expression,
juvenile
tilapia
(
Chemosphere,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
371, P. 144056 - 144056
Published: Jan. 4, 2025
For
decades,
studies
have
shown
how
exposure
to
non-essential
trace
metals
such
as
lead
(Pb)
and
cadmium
(Cd)
largely
impact
global
wildlife.
Ecoimmunotoxicology
has
emerged
in
the
past
two
decades
focuses
on
effects
of
pollutants
immune
system
free-ranging
organisms.
Adverse
outcome
pathways
(AOPs)
represent
a
conceptual
approach
explore
mechanistic
linkage
between
molecular
initiating
event
adverse
outcomes,
potentially
at
all
biological
levels
organisation.
The
present
paper
proposes
putative
AOPs
related
Cd,
Pb,
mixture
Cd-Pb,
mammals
address
future
questions
ecoimmunotoxicology.
Molecular
Initiating
Events
for
both
relate
entrance
cells
through
Ca2+
channels
or
bond
cell
surfaces.
Exposure
Pb
Cd-Pb
share
several
similar
Key
(KEs),
primarily
an
increase
oxidative
stress
(OS)
production
reactive
oxygen
species.
mixture,
OS
affects
mitochondrial
membranes,
induces
apoptosis,
ultimately
decreasing
number.
Both
affect
innate
nuclear
factor
kappa
B
(NF-κB)
mitogen-activated
protein
kinase
(MAPK)
inflammatory
signalling
pathways,
leading
upregulation
markers
mediators.
Adaptive
is
also
affected
by
though
decrease
CD4+/CD8+
ratio,
MHCII,
inactivation
TH1
TH2
response,
inhibition
humoral
response
mediated
various
Ig.
Mixture
are
less
documented
resulting
more
speculative
AOP,
but
potential
synergic
antagonistic
were
identified.
According
our
AOPs,
further
research
ecoimmunotoxicology
should
focus
KEs
NF-κB/MAPK
changes
ratio
MHCII
complexes,
AOs
auto-immune
disorders
effective
infection
rate,
particularly
case
metal
mixtures.
Animals,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(15), P. 2534 - 2534
Published: Aug. 6, 2023
Ammonia
is
considered
to
be
the
major
chemical
pollutant
causing
fish
poisoning
in
aquaculture.
This
research
aimed
evaluate
impact
of
acute
ammonia
exposure
on
large
yellow
croaker’s
meat
quality,
gill
morphology,
liver
oxidative
stress,
and
hematological
parameters.
The
were
exposed
total
nitrogen
concentrations
0,
2.96,
5.92,
8.87
mg/L
for
48
h,
respectively.
findings
demonstrated
that
all
ammonia-exposed
had
higher
lactate
dehydrogenase
glutamic
oxalate
transaminase
activities.
glucose,
blood
urea
nitrogen,
creatinine
levels
(TAN)
than
other
samples.
protein,
albumin,
triglyceride
serum
decreased
significantly
After
h
exposure,
superoxide
dismutase
activities
showed
a
76.1%,
118.0%,
156.8%
increase
when
TAN,
Catalase
glutathione
contents
considerably
(p
<
0.05)
ammonia-treated
samples
compared
0
TAN.
lamellae
become
thicker,
shorter,
curved.
Additionally,
resulted
accumulation
free
amino
acids
loss
nucleotides.
inosine
monophosphate
adenosine
flesh
after
12
control
group.
Overall,
croakers
6
presented
not
only
changes
composition
but
also
tissue
damage
quality
deterioration.
