Climate Risk Management,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
45, P. 100630 - 100630
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Monitoring
drought
in
semi-arid
regions
due
to
climate
change
is
of
paramount
importance.
This
study,
conducted
Morocco's
Upper
Drâa
Basin
(UDB),
analyzed
data
spanning
from
1980
2019,
focusing
on
the
calculation
indices,
specifically
Standardized
Precipitation
Index
(SPI)
and
Evapotranspiration
(SPEI)
at
multiple
timescales
(1,
3,
9,
12
months).
Trends
were
assessed
using
statistical
methods
such
as
Mann-Kendall
test
Sen's
Slope
estimator.
Four
significant
machine
learning
(ML)
algorithms,
including
Random
Forest,
Voting
Regressor,
AdaBoost
K-Nearest
Neighbors
evaluated
predict
SPEI
values
for
both
three
12-month
periods.
The
algorithms'
performance
was
measured
indices.
study
revealed
that
distribution
within
UDB
not
uniform,
with
a
discernible
decreasing
trend
values.
Notably,
four
ML
algorithms
effectively
predicted
specified
demonstrated
highest
Nash-Sutcliffe
Efficiency
(NSE)
values,
ranging
0.74
0.93.
In
contrast,
algorithm
produced
range
0.44
0.84.
These
research
findings
have
potential
provide
valuable
insights
water
resource
management
experts
policymakers.
However,
it
imperative
enhance
collection
methodologies
expand
measurement
sites
improve
representativeness
reduce
errors
associated
local
variations.
Heliyon,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(11), P. e21908 - e21908
Published: Nov. 1, 2023
This
study
aims
to
investigate
the
change
in
heavy
metal
concentration
and
evaluate
pollution
intensity
using
Sentinel-2
data.
Sixty
samples
collected
from
surface
soil
area
were
used
determine
of
lead,
copper,
zinc
atomic
absorption
spectroscopy.
Then,
step-by-step
regression
method
was
ArcGIS
software
relationship
between
metals
ranking
influential
spectral
bands
monitor
relevant
sampling
points.
According
results,
lead
monitoring
effective
through
blue
channel,
ratio
green
near
infrared-IV
channels,
short-wave
infrared-III
infrared-II
channels.
At
same
time,
copper
monitored
reflectance
values
red
ratios
The
channel
channels
efficient
for
monitoring.
Pollution
Load
Indices
(PLI)
Geographical
Accumulation
Index
(Igeo)
calculated
classify
contaminated
soils
region.
efficiency
each
obtained
evaluated
root
mean
square
error
(RMSE)
Pearson's
correlation
coefficient
(R).
In
summary,
equations
had
RMSE
1.8,
2.5,
1.60
mg/kg,
respectively.
Pearson
coefficients
(R)
0.80,
0.76,
0.72,
respectively,
which
indicated
good
agreement
measured
estimated
values.
Applied Water Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(12)
Published: Nov. 25, 2024
Water
is
essential
for
life,
as
it
supports
bodily
functions,
nourishes
crops,
and
maintains
ecosystems.
Drinking
water
crucial
maintaining
good
health
can
also
contribute
to
economic
development
by
reducing
health-care
costs
improving
productivity.
The
present
study
evaluated
the
surface
quality
of
Mahanadi
River
(Odisha,
India).
Hence,
evaluate
hydro-chemical
processes,
sources
contamination,
quality,
a
methodical
examination
was
conducted
using
an
integrated
approach,
namely
Bayesian
Approximation
(BA),
Analytical
Hierarchy
Process
(AHP)-Technique
Order
Preference
Similarity
Ideal
Solution
(TOPSIS),
Fuzzy
Logic
(FL),
Multi-Objective
Optimization
on
Basis
Ratio
Analysis
(MOORA),
Random
Forest
(RF)
method.
For
this,
samples
from
16
locations
were
taken
period
2018–2024,
test
21
physicochemical
parameters
in
selected
sampling
sites.
From
assessment
parameters,
with
respect
WHO
standards,
pH
indicates
alkaline,
TKN,
TC
all
surpassed
prescribed
drinking
limit.
However,
major
ion
hardness
spatial
interpolation
maps
typically
show
that
declines
upstream
downstream,
extreme
values
found
downstream.
index
BA-WQI
value
revealed
50%
belong
unsatisfactory
quality.
This
accompanied
several
parameter's
high
values,
TDS,
NO3−,
Cl−,
SO42−,
which
highest
among
locations.
Again,
noticed
12.50%
sites
come
under
zone
excellent
water.
37.50%
indicated
class.
As
result,
renowned
MCDM
model,
such
AHP-TOPSIS,
presented,
makes
use
rough
set
theory
weights
provide
trustworthy
objective
total
pollution
levels
at
each
sample
site.
this
innovative
technique
depicted
W-(9)
most
polluted
region
if
compared
other
places,
followed
W-(8),
(16),
(2),
(7),
respectively.
Based
FL-DWQI
12.5%
monitored
specimens
point
towards
category,
rest
18.75%
remaining
samples,
or
68.75%,
consist
'poor,
very
poor,
unsuitable
qualities'.
relevant
degree
these
stations
more
closely
linked
variety
expanding
human
activities,
excessive
use,
fertilizer
effects,
agricultural
runoff,
industrial
activity
around
river
corridor.
Additionally,
MOORA
has
been
performance
scores
extracted.
These
four
W-(9),
(8),
(4),
contain
higher
scores,
0.89,
0.093,
0.06,
0.04.
places
containing
variables
exceeded
limits,
account
coliform,
EC
properties,
named
accordingly.
It
discovered
main
causes
river's
adulteration
runoff
home
waste
Furthermore,
RF
analysis
carried
out
five
critical
TH,
EC,
obtained
basis
R2
RMSE
score.
Here,
first
factors
sufficient
explain
83.86%,
84.27%,
84.14%,
85%
model
accuracy
correlation
matrix.
In
end,
target
suggests
about
89%
accuracy.
Afterwards,
expressed
terms
RF-WQI.
varied
between
15
243,
denoting
poor
finding
investigation
eight
inadequate
sites,
illegally
deposited
municipal
solid
waste,
deteriorating
household
supplies.
work
highlights
viability
dependability
integrating
techniques
monitoring
evaluating
findings
are
comprehending
sustainability,
consumption
research
area.
