Ultra-processed Food and Obesity: What Is the Evidence?

Current Nutrition Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 23 - 38

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review Obesity is a growing global healthcare concern. A proposed driver the recent increase in ultra-processed food (UPF) intake. However, disagreement surrounds concept UPF, strength evidence, and suggested mechanisms. Therefore, this review aimed to critically appraise evidence on UPF obesity. Recent Findings Observational studies demonstrate positive associations between intake, weight gain, overweight/obesity, more clearly adults than children/adolescents. This supported by high-quality clinical data. Several mechanisms are proposed, but current understanding inconclusive. Summary Greater consumption has been key There need change obesogenic environment support individuals reduce their The novel approach that not explained with existing nutrient- food-based frameworks. Critical analysis methodologies provides confidence, future observational experimental research outputs greater methodological rigor will strengthen findings, which outlined.

Language: Английский

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Ultra-processed food consumption and human health: an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 9

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Recently, ultra-processed foods received a lot of attention, but also criticism. Our aim was to provide an overview the existing evidence food consumption on human health. We conducted systematic search in four databases until January 5th, 2024. Systematic reviews with meta-analyses as defined by NOVA classification system were included. The certainty evaluated GRADE approach. identified 16 publications. Moderate found for all-cause mortality (Summary Risk Ratio per 50 g: 1.02; 95% confidence Interval (CI): 1.01, 1.03), cardiovascular disease incidence and (per g/d: 1.04; CI: 1.02, 1.06, 1.05; 1.08), type 2 diabetes 10%: 1.12; 1.10, 1.13) colorectal cancer 1.07). For several outcomes such inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, mental health well nutrient quality, similar estimates observed, limited. Discussing concept, it remains unclear whether processing leads increased risks or if is only measure poor diet quality.

Language: Английский

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Adherence to the ultra-processed dietary pattern and risk of depressive outcomes: Findings from the NutriNet Brasil cohort study and an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(5), P. 1190 - 1199

Published: April 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Ultra-processed foods consumption and health-related outcomes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 26, 2024

Introduction The increase in ultra-processed foods (UPFs) intake has raised concerns about its impact on public health. Prospective observational studies have reported significant associations between higher of UPFs and adverse health outcomes. aim this study is to determine whether these could be confirmed randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods We conducted a systematic review analyze the evidence effects A search was Medline, Embase, Web Science, Scopus, LILACS, CENTRAL up April 22, 2024. RCTs English, Spanish, Portuguese evaluating interventions modify were included. certainty determined using GRADE methodology. Results Three educational intervention one feeding trial included, effect reducing consumption (455 participants, median follow-up, 12 weeks). No observed 30 out 42 outcomes evaluated. adults with stable weight showed reduction energy intake, carbohydrates, fat (low evidence), as well body weight, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (moderate evidence). In studies, waist circumference evidence) women obesity, improvement some dimensions quality life (very low changes children adolescents while overweight pregnant women, not reduced, so benefits attributed other components intervention. Conclusion Interventions aimed at anthropometric dietary outcomes, although for most evaluated limited number methodological limitations prevent definitive conclusions. Further well-designed are needed understand UPF Systematic registration : https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023469984

Language: Английский

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Reasons Behind (Un)Healthy Eating Among School-Age Children in Southern Peru

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 348 - 348

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

In recent decades, rates of childhood overweight and obesity have increased worldwide, surpassing those adults. Understanding the factors influencing children’s food choices is essential to promote healthy eating habits. This study examined why school-aged children make unhealthy how parents’ habits influence their choices. Children’s ability rank 25 pictures according healthfulness was assessed using a free sorting task (FST), while parents made list foods, cognitive salience index (CSI) calculated. Children were grouped into two groups based on responses: one mainly from Moquegua other Puno. general, demonstrated greater identify foods than The CSI provided information in each region. These findings underline potential selecting palatable improve diets short term contribute development healthier products industry. addition, studies regions Peru are recommended understand perceptions better.

Language: Английский

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Nova fails to appreciate the value of plant‐based meat and dairy alternatives in the diet

Journal of Food Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 90(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Processed foods play an important role in achieving both food and nutrition security. However, recent years, there has been increased concern about the health effects of processing, large part because emergence Nova classification system. classifies all into one four groups purportedly based entirely on extent to which they have processed. Recommendations limit intake ultra‐processed (UPF) (group 4) are primarily observational studies showing that their is associated with a range adverse outcomes. Nearly plant milks entire new generation plant‐based meat alternatives (PBMAs), made using concentrated sources protein, classified as UPFs. This may deter public from consuming professionals recommending these products even though represent convenient way increase protein high‐income countries, recommended by authorities. although total UPF outcomes, this not case for many subcategories Furthermore, instances, clinical research shows PBMAs beneficial relative animal‐based counterparts (Group 1). Collectively, evidence leads two conclusions. First, viable approach lowering dietary animal ratio. Second, paints too broad brush insufficiently nuanced serve guide purchasing decisions distract consumers focusing importance nutrient content.

Language: Английский

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Processed Meat Intake and Changes in Weight, Waist, Body Mass Index, and Fat Mass: Systematic Literature Review, Meta-Analysis, and GRADE Assessment of Cohort Studies of Adults

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2025

Previous reviews have indicated that abstaining from processed meat may play a part in weight management; however, the certainty of these results has not been assessed systematically. We sought to estimate association between intake (including studies specifically mentioning "processed meat" and/or listing items and subsequent change weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), fat among adults by summarizing evidence cohort studies. A systematic literature search was performed Embase Medline via Ovid Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews) inception June 2024. The data were extracted 2 reviewers independently. estimates with Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development, Evaluations (GRADE) tool, risk bias using Cochrane's Risk Bias Nonrandomized Studies Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool. resulted total 2974 potential articles, which 11 (6 unique studies) eligible for inclusion. Three (n = 381 291) included random-effects model measured resulting summary increase 0.26 kg/y per 1 daily serving (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03-0.48; τ2: 0.03; I2: 92.95%). Four 51 310) 0.14 cm/y CI, 0.02-0.26; 0.01; 81.12%). certainties low, due serious bias. analyses suggested very weak increased larger self-reported BMI, an mass. However, methodological limitations cautious interpretation is warranted. PROSPERO registration No. CRD42022335022.

Language: Английский

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Association between excess body weight and disordered eating attitude among women living with systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2025

The study aimed to: (i) characterize dietary intake and identify disorders eating attitudes in women with SLE, (ii) evaluate possible differences both patients SLE according to nutritional status, (iii) investigate associations between attitudes, anthropometric characteristics food consumption. Methods: This cross-sectional included 46 premenopausal female (18-40 years), inactive disease, using prednisone <10 mg/day hydroxychloroquine at a stable dose. Patients were allocated into two groups their status by body mass index (BMI): normal weight (BMI 18.5 24.9 kg/m 2 ) excess >25 ). Food consumption was assessed the processing level energy macronutrient content. Disordered Eating Attitude Scale (DEAS) applied. Results: had higher DEAS score when compared those (34 ± 8.7 vs 25 5.9, p = .001). A percentage of demonstrated disturbance relationship concerns about gain versus weight. positively associated BMI, abdominal circumference, fat negatively lipid intake. Conclusion: differ show scores, which may be related gain.

Language: Английский

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A comparative analysis of unhealthy food and beverage television advertising to children in Thailand, between 2014 and 2022

Globalization and Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Background Food marketing is a key factor that influences children’s dietary behaviors. This study assessed the nature and extent of food beverage advertising on television (TV) in 2014 2022 Thailand. Methods TV was recorded for one week March May from 7-9am 3-7 pm weekends, weekdays across two channels (64 h each year). The nutrient profile model Bureau Nutrition, Ministry Public Health Thailand used to classify non-alcoholic beverages as: Group A (‘healthy’), B (‘less unhealthy’) or C (‘unhealthy’). Results In 2014, 475 advertisements were identified, with average 6.3 unhealthy per hour. 2022, 659 an 9.2 advertisement both time periods, most frequently advertised products beverages. rate hour broadcast significantly higher than other moderately healthy foods, also 2014. Conclusions Thai predominantly promotes foods and, particular, sugar-sweetened Therefore, Government should enact new legislation protect children ads order control frequency health children.

Language: Английский

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Health and functional advantages of cheese containing soy protein and soybean-derived casein

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 23, 2024

The global food system faces a challenge of sustainably producing enough food, and especially protein, to meet the needs growing population. In developed countries, approximately 2/3 protein comes from animal sources 1/3 plants. For an assortment reasons, dietary recommendations call for populations in these countries replace some their with plant protein. Because it is difficult substantially change habits, increasing may require creation novel foods that nutritional, orosensory, functional attributes consumers desire. contrast plant-based milks, cheeses have not been widely embraced by consumers. existing do satisfactorily mimic dairy cheese as proteins are unable replicate properties casein, which plays such key role cheese. One possible solution overcome current constraints currently being explored, produce hybrid products containing soy soybean-derived casein. Producing casein utilizing traditional genetic engineering tools, like

Language: Английский

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