How much does climate change threaten European forest tree species distributions?

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 1150 - 1163

Published: Oct. 9, 2017

Although numerous species distribution models have been developed, most were based on insufficient data or used older climate change scenarios. We aimed to quantify changes in projected ranges and threat level by the years 2061-2080, for 12 European forest tree under three combined from Global Biodiversity Information Facility, EUFORGEN, inventories, we developed using MaxEnt 19 bioclimatic variables. Models scenarios-optimistic (RCP2.6), moderate (RCP4.5), pessimistic (RPC8.5)-using General Circulation Models, period 2061-2080. Our study revealed different responses of change. The may be divided into groups: "winners"-mostly late-successional species: Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur, petraea; "losers"-mostly pioneer Betula pendula, Larix decidua, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris; alien species-Pseudotsuga menziesii, rubra, Robinia pseudoacacia, which also considered as "winners." Assuming limited migration, studied would face a significant decrease suitable habitat area. was highest that currently northernmost centers. Ecological consequences range contractions serious both management nature conservation.

Language: Английский

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Tamm Review: Influence of forest management activities on soil organic carbon stocks: A knowledge synthesis

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 466, P. 118127 - 118127

Published: April 8, 2020

Almost half of the total organic carbon (C) in terrestrial ecosystems is stored forest soils. By altering rates input or release C from soils, management activities can influence soil stocks forests. In this review, we synthesize current evidence regarding influences 13 common practices on stocks. Afforestation former croplands generally increases stocks, whereas grasslands and peatlands, are unchanged even reduced following afforestation. The conversion primary forests to secondary reduces particularly if land converted an agricultural land-use prior reforestation. Harvesting, clear-cut harvesting, results a reduction floor upper mineral soil. Removal residues by harvesting whole-trees stumps negatively affects Soil disturbance site preparation decreases top soil, however improved growth tree seedlings may outweigh losses over rotation. Nitrogen (N) addition has overall positive effect across wide range ecosystems. Likewise, higher faster accumulation occur under species with N-fixing associates. Stocks also differ different species, coniferous accumulating more broadleaved tending store There some that increased diversity could positively affect temperate subtropical forests, but identity, seems have stronger impact than diversity. Management stand density thinning small effects high populations ungulate herbivores, herbivory levels increase plant biomass for fodder fuel related Fire such as prescribed burning reduce less so wildfires which intense. For each practice, identify existing gaps knowledge suggest research address gaps.

Language: Английский

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The changing role of ornamental horticulture in alien plant invasions

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 93(3), P. 1421 - 1437

Published: March 5, 2018

The number of alien plants escaping from cultivation into native ecosystems is increasing steadily. We provide an overview the historical, contemporary and potential future roles ornamental horticulture in plant invasions. show that currently at least 75% 93% global naturalised flora grown domestic botanical gardens, respectively. Species gardens also have a larger range than those are not. After Middle Ages, particularly 18th 19th centuries, trade network emerged. Since then, cultivated species started to appear wild more frequently non-cultivated aliens globally, during century. Horticulture still plays prominent role current introduction, monetary value live-plant imports different parts world steadily increasing. Historically, - important component played major displaying, cultivating distributing new discoveries. While horticultural supply chain has declined, they significant link, with one-third institutions involved retail-plant sales research. However, become dependent on commercial nurseries as sources, North America. Plants selected for purposes not random selection flora, some characteristics promoted through horticulture, such fast growth, promote invasion. Efforts breed non-invasive cultivars rare. Socio-economical, technological, environmental changes will lead novel patterns introductions invasion opportunities already cultivated. describe could play mediating these changes. identify research challenges, call efforts past This required develop science-based regulatory frameworks prevent further

Language: Английский

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The role of invasive alien species in shaping local livelihoods and human well-being: A review

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 229, P. 145 - 157

Published: July 23, 2018

Language: Английский

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Alternative tree species under climate warming in managed European forests

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 430, P. 485 - 497

Published: Aug. 30, 2018

Language: Английский

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Alien plant invasions in European woodlands

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 23(9), P. 969 - 981

Published: Aug. 6, 2017

Abstract Aim Woodlands make up a third of European territory and carry out important ecosystem functions, yet comprehensive overview their invasion by alien plants has never been undertaken across this continent. Location Europe. Methods We extracted data from 251,740 vegetation plots stored in the recently compiled Vegetation Archive. After filtering (resulting 83,396 plots; 39 regions; 1970–2015 time period), we analysed species pool frequency vascular with respect to geographic origin life‐forms, levels Nature Information System ( EUNIS ) woodland habitats. Results found total 386 plant (comprising 7% all recorded plants). Aliens originating outside within Europe were almost equally represented (192 vs. 181 species) but relative was skewed towards former group (77% 22%) due, some extent, frequent occurrence Impatiens parviflora (21% among Phanerophytes most species‐rich life‐form (148 had highest representation terms (39%) aliens dataset. Apart (181 species), North America source (109 species). At local scale, temperate boreal softwood riparian (5%) mire mountain coniferous (<1%) lowest mean richness (percentage per plot), respectively. Main conclusions Our results indicate that woodlands are prone invasions especially when exposed disturbance, fragmentation, propagule pressure high soil nutrient levels. Given persistence these factors landscape, competitive broad niche, including trees shrubs, likely persist spread further into woodlands.

Language: Английский

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How ecosystems change following invasion by Robinia pseudoacacia: Insights from soil chemical properties and soil microbial, nematode, microarthropod and plant communities

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 622-623, P. 1509 - 1518

Published: Oct. 19, 2017

Language: Английский

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Impact of invasive alien plants on native plant communities and Natura 2000 habitats: State of the art, gap analysis and perspectives in Italy

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 274, P. 111140 - 111140

Published: Aug. 11, 2020

Language: Английский

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Black locust (Robinia pseudoacaciaL.) range contraction and expansion in Europe under changing climate

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 27(8), P. 1587 - 1600

Published: Dec. 18, 2020

Robinia pseudoacacia is one of the most frequent non-native species in Europe. It a fast-growing tree high economic and cultural importance. On other hand, it an invasive species, causing changes soil chemistry light regime, consequently altering plant communities. Previously published models developed for potential distribution R. concerned 2070, were based mainly on data from Western Central Europe; here we extended these findings included additional Eastern To fill gap current knowledge improve reliability forecasts, aimed to (i) determine extent which outcome range modeling will be affected by complementing occurrence with sites Central, Southeastern, Europe, (ii) identify quantify availability climate niches 2050 discuss their impacts forest management nature conservation. We showed that majority expected 2070 occur as early 2050. In comparison previous studies, demonstrated greater eastward shift this decline Southern Consequently, future climatic conditions likely favor Northeastern Europe where still absent or relatively rare. There, controlling spread require monitoring sources invasion landscape reducing species. The effects change observed 20 years earlier than previously forecasted. Hence highlighted urgent need acceleration policies at mitigation Also, our results using more complete analyze niche models.

Language: Английский

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Comparing the transpirational and shading effects of two contrasting urban tree species

Urban Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 683 - 697

Published: April 16, 2019

Language: Английский

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