Understanding bark beetle outbreaks: exploring the impact of changing temperature regimes, droughts, forest structure, and prospects for future forest pest management

Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 257 - 290

Published: May 23, 2024

Abstract Climate change has increased the susceptibility of forest ecosystems, resulting in escalated decline globally. As one largest biomasses Northern Hemisphere, Eurasian boreal forests are subjected to frequent drought, windthrow, and high-temperature disturbances. Over last century, bark beetle outbreaks have emerged as a major biotic threat these forests, extensive tree mortality. Despite implementing various management strategies mitigate populations reduce mortality, none been effective. Moreover, altered disturbance regimes due changing climate facilitated success attacks with shorter multivoltine life cycles, consequently inciting more beetle-caused This review explores population dynamics context change, stand dynamics, strategies. Additionally, it examines recent advancements like remote sensing canine detection infested trees focuses on cutting-edge molecular approaches including RNAi-nanoparticle complexes, RNAi-symbiotic microbes, sterile insect technique, CRISPR/Cas9-based methods. These diverse novel potential effectively address challenges associated managing beetles improving health response climate.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances toward the sustainable management of invasive Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 94(3), P. 615 - 637

Published: May 15, 2021

Abstract We provide an overview of both traditional and innovative control tools for management three Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), invasive species with a history damage in forests, nurseries, orchards urban areas. compactus , X. crassiusculus germanus are native to Asia, currently established several countries around the globe. Adult females bore galleries into plant xylem inoculating mutualistic fungi that serve as food source developing progeny. Tunneling activity results chewed wood extrusion from entry holes, sap outflow, foliage wilting followed by canopy dieback, branch trunk necrosis. Maintaining health reducing physiological stress is first recommendation long-term control. Baited traps, ethanol-treated bolts, trap logs trees selected can be used monitor species. Conventional pest methods mostly ineffective against because pests’ broad host range rapid spread. Due challenges conventional control, more approaches being tested, such optimization push–pull strategy based on specific attractant repellent combinations, or use insecticide-treated netting. Biological release entomopathogenic mycoparasitic fungi, well antagonistic bacteria, has yielded promising results. However, these technologies still require validation real field conditions. Overall, we suggest efforts should primarily focus potentially combined multi-faceted approach controlling damage.

Language: Английский

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Forest Insect Biosecurity: Processes, Patterns, Predictions, Pitfalls

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 68(1), P. 211 - 229

Published: Oct. 6, 2022

The economic and environmental threats posed by non-native forest insects are ever increasing with the continuing globalization of trade travel; thus, need for mitigation through effective biosecurity is greater than ever. However, despite decades research implementation preborder, border, postborder preventative measures, insect invasions continue to occur, no evidence saturation, even predicted accelerate. In this article, we review measures used mitigate arrival, establishment, spread, impacts possible impediments successful these measures. Biosecurity successes likely under-recognized because they difficult detect quantify, whereas failures more evident in continued establishment additional species. There limitations existing systems at global country scales (for example, inspecting all imports impossible, phytosanitary perfect, knownunknowns cannot be regulated against, noncompliance an ongoing problem). should a shared responsibility across countries, governments, stakeholders, individuals.

Language: Английский

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RNAi-based biocontrol for crops: a revised expectation for a non-recent technology

Planta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 261(2)

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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RNA Interference-Based Forest Protection Products (FPPs) Against Wood-Boring Coleopterans: Hope or Hype?

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Sept. 10, 2021

Graphical Abstract Three-tier impact of forest protection products (FPPs).

Language: Английский

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Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) technology to control forest insect pests and fungal pathogens: challenges and opportunities

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(2)

Published: May 27, 2023

Abstract Climate change alters the seasonal synchronization between plants and respective pests plus pathogens. The geographical infiltration helps to shift their hosts, resulting in novel outbreaks that damage forests ecology. Traditional management schemes are unable control such outbreaks, therefore unconventional competitive governance is needed manage forest RNA interference (RNAi) mediated double-stranded (dsRNA) treatment method can be implemented protect trees. Exogenous dsRNA triggers RNAi-mediated gene silencing of a vital gene, suspends protein production, death targeted pathogens pests. successful for many crop insects fungi, however, studies against depleting. Pesticides fungicides based on could used combat caused different parts world. Although has proved its potential, crucial dilemma risks including species-specific selection, delivery methods cannot overlooked. Here, we summarized major fungi insect have genomic information, fungi-and pesticides. Current challenges opportunities target decision, using nanoparticles, direct applications, new mycorrhiza tree protection discussed. importance affordable next-generation sequencing minimize impact non-target species We suggest collaborative research among genomics pathology institutes develop necessary strategies species.

Language: Английский

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Oral Ingestion of Bacterially Expressed dsRNA Can Silence Genes and Cause Mortality in a Highly Invasive, Tree-Killing Pest, the Emerald Ash Borer

Insects, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 440 - 440

Published: July 14, 2020

RNA interference (RNAi) is a naturally occurring process inhibiting gene expression, and recent advances in our understanding of the mechanism have allowed its development as tool against insect pests. A major challenge for deployment field convenient efficient methods production double stranded (dsRNA). We assessed potential deploying bacterially produced dsRNA bio-pesticide an invasive forest pest, emerald ash borer (EAB). EAB feeds on cambial tissue trees (Fraxinus spp.), causing rapid death. has killed millions North America since discovery 2002, prompting need innovative management strategies. In study, bacterial expression synthesis were performed with E. coli strain HT115 using L4440 vector. EAB-specific dsRNAs (shi hsp) over-expressed toxic to neonate after oral administration, successfully triggering silencing subsequent mortality; however, non-specific control was not included. Our results suggest that ingestion transformed expressing can induce RNAi response EAB. To knowledge, this first example effective induced by feeding dsRNA-expressing bacteria pest.

Language: Английский

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Evolution and Adaptation of Forest and Crop Pathogens in the Anthropocene

Phytopathology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 111(1), P. 49 - 67

Published: Nov. 17, 2020

Anthropocene marks the era when human activity is making a significant impact on earth, its ecological and biogeographical systems. The domestication intensification of agricultural forest production systems have had large plant tree health. Some pathogens benefitted from these activities evolved adapted in response to expansion crop systems, resulting global outbreaks. Global pathogen genomics data including population high-quality reference assemblies are crucial for understanding evolution adaptation pathogens. Crops trees remarkably different characteristics, such as reproductive time level domestication. They also disease management with more intensive crops than trees. By comparing contrasting results genomic studies done widely we can improve our selection pressures. We find that spite differences, similar processes hybridization, host jumps, selection, specialization, clonal shaping populations both propose some solutions reduce impacts lower probability outbreaks so envision better strategies sustain food well ecosystem services.

Language: Английский

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Southern pine beetle-specific RNA interference exhibits no effect on model nontarget insects

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 95(3), P. 1429 - 1441

Published: Jan. 4, 2022

Abstract The efficacy and high specificity of the RNA interference pathway has prompted its exploration as a potential molecular management tool for many insect pests, including destructive southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, in which gene knockdown mortality via double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) have already been demonstrated laboratory. nucleotide sequence dsRNAs requires an exact match at least 16 nucleotides with targeted messenger to trigger that gene. This allows vital genes target pest be silenced induced while reducing probability adverse effects nontarget organisms. However, prior utilization forest ecosystems, demonstration through laboratory bioassays evaluating on model insects is required proper risk assessment analyses. Consequently, we evaluated three SPB-specific lethal effects, sublethal (larval growth rate, adult emergence or fecundity), relative expression representing key functional guilds, predator, herbivore, pollinator. had no effect survival our insects. Additionally, were found analyses corroborated bioinformatic finding knockdown. Our findings support RNAi technology provide development deployment protection conifer forests against SPB minimal concerns.

Language: Английский

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Eco-tech Strategies: Revolutionizing Forest Insect Pest Control Through Biological and Biotechnological Innovations

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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