Diagnostic workout of glandular malignant lesions of the bladder according to the 5th WHO classification

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: March 9, 2025

Glandular lesions involving the bladder are less common than conventional urothelial carcinoma, and they often diagnostically challenging diseases, carrying different clinical outcomes. As a group, encompass both primary secondary neoplasms, with sometimes overlapping morphological features. In this scenario, proper information is important, in that involvement of may occur by direct extension or lymphatic/hematogenous spread from carcinomas at other sites, comprising prostate, colon, cervix, breast, lung. According to 5th edition WHO Classification urological tumors, glandular morphology major hallmark following entities: carcinoma differentiation, adenocarcinoma, NOS, urachal tumors Mullerian type. The distinction among these entities, between heavily relies on their biological immunophenotypical This article will review neoplasms bladder, highlighting main markers. Furthermore, molecular data associated pathogenesis, prognosis, treatment be described. aim study provide practical comprehensive up-to-date overview complex topic.

Language: Английский

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Application of RNA sequencing in urologic malignancies: Advances and challenges

Urologic Oncology Seminars and Original Investigations, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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From Bench to Bladder: The Rise in Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in the Treatment of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1135 - 1135

Published: March 28, 2025

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents a significant clinical challenge due to its high recurrence rate and need for frequent monitoring. The current treatment modality is bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy combined with chemotherapy after transurethral resection of the tumor (TURBT), which highly effective in most patients. Yet, becomes resistant these treatments 30-40% patients, necessitating new modalities. In world, development immune checkpoint inhibitors that target molecules, such as programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), ligand, PD-L1, Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4), have revolutionized many types. PD-1/PD-L1 CTLA-4 are shown be upregulated NMIBC certain circumstances. interactions play role evasion by suppressing T activity within microenvironment (TME), while binding on cells leads downregulation response, making pathways potential immunotherapeutic targets NMIBC. This review seeks understand therapies treating We explore cellular non-cellular landscape TME NMIBC, including Tregs, effector cells, macrophages, B relevant cytokines. also discuss biological covering rationale immunotherapies Finally, we cover key trials studied clinically. Such study will helpful urologists oncologists manage patients more effectively.

Language: Английский

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Clinicopathologic and molecular characterization of primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) in the female genital tract: a retrospective study of 8 cases

Human Pathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105769 - 105769

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The percentage abundance of sarcomatoid component has a prognostic role in grade 4 non-metastatic clear cell-renal carcinoma

World Journal of Urology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 43(1)

Published: April 23, 2025

Language: Английский

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Multimodal deep learning model for predicting homologous recombination deficiency in prostate cancer: an international multi-cohort study

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2025

Accurate prediction of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status is crucial for effective management prostate cancer (PCa). However, genetic testing expensive and inaccessible. We propose a multimodal deep learning approach that integrates clinical information, Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E)-stained whole-slide images (WSIs), multi-parameter MRI to predict the HRD patients with PCa. Patients from Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 387) three Chinese hospitals 179) were used establish validate models. The Pathology Signature, Radiology Patho-Radiology Signature could accurately in external validation or 5-fold cross (AUC 0.815, 0.833, 0.933, respectively). Notably, four interpretative pathological features identified Signature. These signatures serve as prescreening tool select confirmatory testing. suggest this multi-modal be applied molecular alterations other malignancies.

Language: Английский

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Identifying and validating MMP family members (MMP2, MMP9, MMP12, and MMP16) as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC)

Oncology Research Featuring Preclinical and Clinical Cancer Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. 737 - 752

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) is a malignant tumor that carries substantial risk of morbidity and mortality. The MMP family assumes crucial role in invasion metastasis. This study aimed to uncover the mechanistic relevance gene as therapeutic target diagnostic biomarker through comprehensive approach encompassing both computational molecular analyses. STRING, Cytoscape, UALCAN, GEPIA, OncoDB, HPA, cBioPortal, GSEA, TIMER, ENCORI, DrugBank, targeted bisulfite sequencing (bisulfite-seq), conventional PCR, Sanger sequencing, RT-qPCR based analyses were used present analyze members accurately determine few hub genes can be utilized targets biomarkers for KIRC. By performing STRING Cytohubba 24 members, MMP2 (matrix metallopeptidase 2), MMP9 9), MMP12 12), MMP16 16) denoted having highest degree scores. After analyzing MMP2, MMP9, MMP12, via various TCGA databases technique across clinical samples KIRC cell lines, interestingly, all these found significantly overexpressed at mRNA protein levels relative controls. notable effect up-regulated was also documented on overall survival (OS) patients. Moreover, bisulfite-sequencing (bisulfite-seq) analysis revealed promoter hypomethylation pattern associated with up-regulation (MMP2, MMP16). In addition this, involved diverse oncogenic pathways. MMP16) may serve prognostic

Language: Английский

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Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes of Off-Clamp Robotic Partial Nephrectomy for Cystic Renal Tumors: A Propensity Score Matched-Pair Comparison of Cystic versus Pure Clear Cell Carcinoma

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(6), P. 2985 - 2993

Published: May 27, 2024

Few data are available on survival outcomes of partial nephrectomy performed for cystic renal tumors. We present the first long-term oncological (cystRCC) versus pure clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) in a propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis. Our “renal cancer” prospectively maintained database was queried “cystRCC” or “ccRCC” and “off-clamp robotic nephrectomy” (off-C RPN). The two groups were compared age, gender, tumor size, pT stage, Fuhrman grade. A 1:3 PSM analysis applied to reduce covariate imbalance <10% homogeneous populations generated. Student t- Chi-square tests used continuous categorical variables, respectively. Ten-year between cohorts using log-rank test. Univariable Cox regression identify predictors disease progression after RPN. Out 859 off-C RPNs included, 85 cases cystRCC 774 ccRCC at histologic evaluation. After applying analysis, selected, including 64 170 ccRCC. Comparable 10-year cancer-specific probability (95.3% 100%, p = 0.146) found cohorts. Conversely, disease-free (DFS) less favorable than (66.69% 90.1%, 0.035). At univariable histology only independent predictor DFS (HR 2.96 95% CI 1.03–8.47, 0.044). evaluation, showed Pure variant displayed higher rate recurrence lesions.

Language: Английский

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Imaging in Renal Cell Carcinoma Detection

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(18), P. 2105 - 2105

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Introduction: Imaging in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a constantly evolving landscape. The incidence of RCC has been rising over the years with improvement image quality and sensitivity imaging modalities resulting “incidentalomas” being detected. We aim to explore latest advances for RCC. Methods: A literature search was conducted using Medline Google Scholar, up May 2024. For each subsection manuscript, separate performed combination following key terms “renal carcinoma”, mass”, “ultrasound”, “computed tomography”, “magnetic resonance imaging”, “18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT”, “prostate-specific membrane antigen “technetium-99m sestamibi SPECT/CT”, “carbonic anhydrase IX”, “girentuximab”, “radiomics”. Studies that were not English excluded. reference lists selected manuscripts checked manually eligible articles. Results: main currently are ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) magnetic (MRI). Contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) emerged as an alternative CT or MRI characterisation masses. Furthermore, there significant research molecular recent years, including FDG PET, PSMA PET/CT, 99mTc-Sestamibi, anti-carbonic IX monoclonal antibodies/peptides. Radiomics use AI radiology growing area interest. Conclusions: There will be change field becomes increasingly popular, which reflects shift management more conservative approach, especially small masses (SRMs). hope result less unnecessary invasive surgeries biopsies benign indolent lesions.

Language: Английский

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Frequent Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Promoter and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Mutations Support the Precursor Nature of Papillary Urothelial Hyperplasia of the Urinary Bladder

Modern Pathology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(7), P. 100151 - 100151

Published: March 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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