A review of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides: Health benefit, structure–activity relationship, modification, and nanoparticle encapsulation

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 243, P. 125199 - 125199

Published: June 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Ganoderma lucidum: Insight into antimicrobial and antioxidant properties with development of secondary metabolites

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. e25607 - e25607

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Ganoderma lucidum is a versatile mushroom. Polysaccharides and triterpenoids are the major bioactive compounds have been used as traditional medicinal mushrooms since ancient times. They currently nutraceuticals functional foods. G. extracts their an alternative to antioxidants antimicrobial agents. Secondary metabolites with many properties make it possible substitute that could be applied immunomodulatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic. The miraculous of secondary fascinate researchers for development production. Recent studies paid close attention different physical, genetic, biochemical, nutritional parameters potentiate production metabolites. This review effort collect biologically active constituents from reveal potential actions against diseases latest improvement in novel technique get maximum Studies going ahead determine efficacy numerous assess valuable achieved by favor antioxidant outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Beta-Glucans from Fungi: Biological and Health-Promoting Potential in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 3960 - 3960

Published: Nov. 6, 2021

Beta-glucans comprise a group of polysaccharides natural origin found in bacteria, algae, and plants, e.g., cereal seeds, as well microfungi macrofungi (mushrooms), which are characterized by diverse structures functions. They known for their metabolic immunomodulatory properties, including anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral. Recent reports suggest potential beta-glucans the prevention treatment COVID-19. In contrast to β-glucans from other sources, mushrooms β-1,3-glucans with short β-1,6-side chains. This structure is recognized receptors located on surface immune cells; thus, mushroom have specific properties gained BRM (biological response modifier) status. Moreover, also owe formation triple helix conformation, one key factors influencing bioactivity beta-glucans. review summarizes latest findings biological health-promoting civilization viral diseases, particular emphasis

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review about the Molecular Structure of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Insights into Natural Products against COVID-19

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 1759 - 1759

Published: Oct. 21, 2021

In 2019, the world suffered from emergence of COVID-19 infection, one most difficult pandemics in recent history. Millions confirmed deaths this pandemic have been reported worldwide. This disaster was caused by SARS-CoV-2, which is last discovered member family Coronaviridae. Various studies shown that natural compounds effective antiviral properties against coronaviruses inhibiting multiple viral targets, including spike proteins and enzymes. review presents classification a detailed explanation SARS-CoV-2 molecular characteristics structure–function relationships. We present all currently available crystal structures different emphasized on structure virus binding modes their ligands. also discusses various therapeutic approaches for treatment vaccinations. addition, we highlight compare existing data about extracted algae, fungi, plants, scorpion venom were used as agents infection. Moreover, discuss repurposing select approved other viruses.

Language: Английский

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Ganoderic acids-rich ethanol extract from Ganoderma lucidum protects against alcoholic liver injury and modulates intestinal microbiota in mice with excessive alcohol intake

Current Research in Food Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5, P. 515 - 530

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Alcoholic liver injury is mainly caused by excessive alcohol consumption and has become a global public health problem threatening human health. It well known that Ganoderma lucidum possesses various excellent beneficial effects on function lipid metabolism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the underlying protective effect action mechanism ganoderic acids-rich G. ethanol extract (GLE) alcohol-induced in mice with intake. Results showed oral administration GLE could obviously inhibit abnormal increases serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) alanine (ALT), also significantly protect against hepatic accumulation pathological changes. In addition, oxidative stress ameliorated dietary intervention through reducing levels maleic dialdehyde (MDA) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), increasing glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (ADH). Compared model group, intestinal microbial disorder elevating relative abundance Ruminiclostridium_9, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Oscillibacter, [Eubacterium]_xylanophilum_group, norank_f_Clostridiates_vadinBB60_group, GCA-900066225, Bilophila, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-009, norank_f_Desulfovibrionaceae Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, but decreasing proportion Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1. Furthermore, metabolomic profiling suggested had significant regulatory composition metabolites intake, especially some biomarkers involved primary bile acid biosynthesis, riboflavin metabolism, tryptophan biosynthesis unsaturated fatty acids, fructose mannose glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Additionally, supplementation regulated mRNA key genes related acids catabolism inflammatory response liver. Conclusively, these findings indicate potentially alleviating may be developed as promising functional food ingredient.

Language: Английский

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Ganoderma lucidum: A potential pleiotropic approach of ganoderic acids in health reinforcement and factors influencing their production

Fungal Biology Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39, P. 100 - 125

Published: Jan. 11, 2022

Language: Английский

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Ganoderma lucidum: Novel Insight into Hepatoprotective Potential with Mechanisms of Action

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1874 - 1874

Published: April 13, 2023

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A novel partitivirus orchestrates conidiation, stress response, pathogenicity, and secondary metabolism of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium majus

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. e1011397 - e1011397

Published: May 22, 2023

Mycoviruses are widely present in all major groups of fungi but those entomopathogenic Metarhizium spp. remain understudied. In this investigation, a novel double-stranded (ds) RNA virus is isolated from majus and named partitivirus 1 (MmPV1). The complete genome sequence MmPV1 comprises two monocistronic dsRNA segments (dsRNA 2), which encode an RNA-dependent polymerase (RdRp) capsid protein (CP), respectively. classified as new member the genus Gammapartitivirus family Partitiviridae based on phylogenetic analysis. As compared to MmPV1-free strain, isogenic MmPV1-infected single-spore isolates were compromised terms conidiation, tolerance heat shock UV-B irradiation, while these phenotypes accompanied by transcriptional suppression multiple genes involved response DNA damage repair. attenuated fungal virulence since infection resulted reduced hydrophobicity, adhesion, cuticular penetration. Additionally, secondary metabolites significantly altered infection, including production triterpenoids, metarhizins A B, increased nitrogen phosphorus compounds. However, expression individual proteins M. had no impact host phenotype, suggesting insubstantive links between defective single viral protein. These findings indicate that decreases fitness its environment insect-pathogenic lifestyle through orchestration stress tolerance, pathogenicity, metabolism.

Language: Английский

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β–glucan-induced disease resistance in plants: A review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 253, P. 127043 - 127043

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Biologically active secondary metabolites from white-rot fungi

Frontiers in Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 13, 2024

In recent years, there has been a considerable rise in the production of novel metabolites derived from fungi compared to ones originating bacteria. These organic substances are utilized various sectors such as farming, healthcare, and pharmaceutical. Since all dividing living cells contain primary metabolites, secondary synthesized by utilizing intermediate compounds or by-products generated metabolic pathways. Secondary not critical for growth development an organism; however, they exhibit variety distinct biological characteristics. White-rot only microorganisms able decompose wood components. Hence, play important role both carbon nitrogen cycles decomposing non-living substrates. They ubiquitous nature, particularly hardwood (e.g., birch aspen) forests. fungi, besides ligninolytic enzymes, produce different bioactive during their metabolism including some with antimicrobial anticancer properties. Such properties could be potential interest pharmaceutical industries. Considering importance untapped biologically active white-rot present paper reviews produced interesting bioactivities.

Language: Английский

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