Pharmacological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
66(4), P. 1142 - 1174
Published: Sept. 26, 2014
Pre-,
post-,
and
remote
conditioning
of
the
myocardium
are
well
described
adaptive
responses
that
markedly
enhance
ability
heart
to
withstand
a
prolonged
ischemia/reperfusion
insult
provide
therapeutic
paradigms
for
cardioprotection.
Nevertheless,
more
than
25
years
after
discovery
ischemic
preconditioning,
we
still
do
not
have
established
cardioprotective
drugs
on
market.
Most
experimental
studies
cardioprotection
undertaken
in
animal
models,
which
is
imposed
absence
cardiovascular
risk
factors.
However,
disease
humans
complex
disorder
caused
by,
or
associated
with,
factors
comorbidities,
including
hypertension,
hyperlipidemia,
diabetes,
insulin
resistance,
failure,
altered
coronary
circulation,
aging.
These
induce
fundamental
alterations
cellular
signaling
cascades
affect
development
injury
per
se
interventions.
Moreover,
some
medications
used
treat
these
factors,
statins,
nitrates,
antidiabetic
drugs,
may
impact
by
modifying
signaling.
The
aim
this
article
review
recent
evidence
their
medication
modify
response
We
emphasize
critical
need
take
into
account
presence
concomitant
when
designing
preclinical
identification
validation
drug
targets
clinical
studies.
This
will
hopefully
maximize
success
rate
developing
rational
approaches
effective
therapies
majority
patients
with
multiple
Cell Death and Differentiation,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
25(3), P. 486 - 541
Published: Jan. 23, 2018
Over
the
past
decade,
Nomenclature
Committee
on
Cell
Death
(NCCD)
has
formulated
guidelines
for
definition
and
interpretation
of
cell
death
from
morphological,
biochemical,
functional
perspectives.
Since
field
continues
to
expand
novel
mechanisms
that
orchestrate
multiple
pathways
are
unveiled,
we
propose
an
updated
classification
subroutines
focusing
mechanistic
essential
(as
opposed
correlative
dispensable)
aspects
process.
As
provide
molecularly
oriented
definitions
terms
including
intrinsic
apoptosis,
extrinsic
mitochondrial
permeability
transition
(MPT)-driven
necrosis,
necroptosis,
ferroptosis,
pyroptosis,
parthanatos,
entotic
death,
NETotic
lysosome-dependent
autophagy-dependent
immunogenic
cellular
senescence,
mitotic
catastrophe,
discuss
utility
neologisms
refer
highly
specialized
instances
these
processes.
The
mission
NCCD
is
a
widely
accepted
nomenclature
in
support
continued
development
field.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Jan. 2, 2018
Abstract
Zika
virus
(ZIKV)
has
recently
caused
a
pandemic
disease,
and
many
cases
of
ZIKV
infection
in
pregnant
women
resulted
abortion,
stillbirth,
deaths
congenital
defects
including
microcephaly,
which
now
been
proposed
as
syndrome.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
situ
immune
response
profile
mechanisms
neuronal
cell
damage
fatal
microcephaly
cases.
Brain
tissue
samples
were
collected
from
15
cases,
10
microcephalic
ZIKV-positive
neonates
with
outcome
five
neonatal
control
flavivirus-negative
that
died
due
other
causes,
but
preserved
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
architecture.
In
histopathological
features
characterized
three
CNS
areas
(meninges,
perivascular
space,
parenchyma).
The
changes
found
mainly
calcification,
necrosis,
neuronophagy,
gliosis,
microglial
nodules,
inflammatory
infiltration
mononuclear
cells.
against
newborns
is
complex.
Despite
predominant
expression
Th2
cytokines,
cytokines
such
Th1,
Th17,
Treg,
Th9,
Th22
are
involved
lesser
extent,
still
likely
participate
immunopathogenic
neural
disease
by
ZIKV.
New England Journal of Medicine,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
370(5), P. 455 - 465
Published: Jan. 29, 2014
Cell
death
is
regulated
by
a
variety
of
mechanisms.
This
review
focuses
on
one
the
more
recently
identified
forms
programmed
cell
death,
necroptosis,
and
its
role
in
normal
disease
states.
pathway
provides
new
targets
for
therapeutic
intervention.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
111(47), P. 16836 - 16841
Published: Nov. 10, 2014
Significance
Cell
death
by
regulated
necrosis
causes
tremendous
tissue
damage
in
a
wide
variety
of
diseases,
including
myocardial
infarction,
stroke,
sepsis,
and
ischemia–reperfusion
injury
upon
solid
organ
transplantation.
Here,
we
demonstrate
that
an
iron-dependent
form
necrosis,
referred
to
as
ferroptosis,
mediates
synchronized
functional
units
diverse
organs
ischemia
other
stimuli,
thereby
triggering
detrimental
immune
response.
We
developed
novel
third-generation
inhibitor
ferroptosis
is
the
first
compound
this
class
stable
plasma
liver
microsomes
demonstrates
high
efficacy
when
supplied
alone
or
combination
therapy.
Cell Death and Differentiation,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
22(1), P. 58 - 73
Published: Sept. 19, 2014
Cells
exposed
to
extreme
physicochemical
or
mechanical
stimuli
die
in
an
uncontrollable
manner,
as
a
result
of
their
immediate
structural
breakdown.
Such
unavoidable
variant
cellular
demise
is
generally
referred
'accidental
cell
death'
(ACD).
In
most
settings,
however,
death
initiated
by
genetically
encoded
apparatus,
correlating
with
the
fact
that
its
course
can
be
altered
pharmacologic
genetic
interventions.
'Regulated
(RCD)
occur
part
physiologic
programs
activated
once
adaptive
responses
perturbations
extracellular
intracellular
microenvironment
fail.
The
biochemical
phenomena
accompany
RCD
may
harnessed
classify
it
into
few
subtypes,
which
often
(but
not
always)
exhibit
stereotyped
morphologic
features.
Nonetheless,
efficiently
inhibiting
processes
are
commonly
thought
cause
RCD,
such
activation
executioner
caspases
apoptosis,
does
exert
true
cytoprotective
effects
mammalian
system,
but
simply
alters
kinetics
shifts
and
correlates.
Conversely,
bona
fide
cytoprotection
achieved
transduction
lethal
signals
early
phases
process,
when
still
operational.
Thus,
mechanisms
truly
execute
less
understood,
inhibitable
perhaps
more
homogeneous
than
previously
thought.
Here,
Nomenclature
Committee
on
Cell
Death
formulates
set
recommendations
help
scientists
researchers
discriminate
between
essential
accessory
aspects
death.
