Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in children DOI Creative Commons
Petter Brodin

Seminars in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69, P. 101794 - 101794

Published: June 20, 2023

During the three years since SARS-CoV-2 infections were first described a wealth of information has been gathered about viral variants and their changing properties, disease presentations they elicit how many vaccines developed in record time protect from COVID-19 severe different populations. A general theme throughout pandemic observation that children young people fare well, with mild symptoms during acute infection full recovery thereafter. It also become clear this is not universally true, as some develop hypoxic pneumonia even succumb to infection, while another group rare but serious multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) other experience prolonged illness following post-COVID. Here I will discuss findings made explain these diverse manifestations infected by SARS-CoV-2. at speed efficacy protecting disease.

Language: Английский

Gradual changes within long-lived influenza virus-specific CD8+ T cells are associated with the loss of public TCR clonotypes in older adults DOI
Carolien E. van de Sandt, Hayley A. McQuilten,

Malet Aban

et al.

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 115, P. 105697 - 105697

Published: April 17, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Increased Incidence of Intracranial Complications Following Pediatric Sinogenic and Otogenic Infections in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons

P. Patel,

Asher Ripp, Shaun A. Nguyen

et al.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 112364 - 112364

Published: April 1, 2025

This systematic-review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate summarize the prevalence of pediatric intracranial complications following sinogenic or otogenic infections before after COVID-19 pandemic. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL databases answer question: In patients, there an increase in severity due during pandemic? Publications which included primary data on patients under age 18 years old, focusing were included. Of 1025 abstracts screened, studies There no significant differences sex between two cohorts. Compared pre-COVID era, post-COVID more likely have neurologic upon presentation [11.4 % (1.6-53.0) vs 50.1 (13.9-86.2), p < 0.01], cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) [14.1 (10.6-18.2) 40.5 (25.2-56.9), intraparenchymal abscess [40.3 (43.9-72.2) 54.9 (25.2-87.1), meningitis [10.6 (0.0-39.4) 40.2 (13.4-70.8), 0.01]. Metronidazole use [38.7 (31.8-46.0) 71.9 (51.3-88.6), craniectomy [16.1 (1.3-42.8) 37.4 (2.9-83.0), = 0.02], burr holes [16.8 (11.5-23.3) 26.6 (12.7-43.3), 0.02] increased cohort. are considerable deficits, CVST, abscesses, meningitis, treatment modalities pre- cohorts children with otorhinogenic origin. Further research is required determine underlying mechanism for these differences.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Association of cellular immunity with severity of COVID-19 from the perspective of antigen-specific memory T cell responses and cross-reactivity DOI Creative Commons
Shin‐ichiro Fujii, Satoru Yamasaki,

Tomonori Iyoda

et al.

Inflammation and Regeneration, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(1)

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Coronaviruses regularly cause outbreaks of zoonotic diseases characterized by severe pneumonia. The new coronavirus, acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused the global pandemic disease COVID-19 that began at end 2019 and spread rapidly owing to its infectious nature progressing Although infectivity SARS-CoV-2 is high, indicated worldwide in a very short period, many individuals displayed only subclinical infection, some them transmitted who then developed symptomatic infection. Furthermore, there are differences severity infection across countries, which can be attributed factors such as emergence viral mutations period time well immune responses factors. Anti-viral immunity generally consists neutralizing antibodies block cytotoxic CD8+ T cells eliminate virus-infected cells. There compelling evidence for role protective However, CD4+ after entry complex warrants comprehensive discussion. Here, we discuss protection afforded cellular against initial development disease. failure control worsens clinical outcomes functional profiles inflict tissue damage without effectively eliminating reservoirs, while robust cell associated with mild outcomes. We also persistent long-lasting memory cell-mediated or vaccination, rather complicated it may involve SARS-CoV-2-specific lymphocytes cross-reactivity previously infected seasonal coronaviruses, largely related HLA genotypes. In addition, mutant strains discussed. Lastly, appropriate measures taken immunocompromised patients. conclusion, provide causal relationship between natural infection- vaccine-mediated COVID-19. This review expected basis develop strategies next generation cell-focused vaccines aid ending current pandemic.

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Children’s SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Their Vaccination DOI Creative Commons
Sneh Lata Gupta, Rohit Tyagi, Atika Dhar

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 418 - 418

Published: Feb. 12, 2023

SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus, causes respiratory tract infections and other complications in affected individuals, has resulted numerous deaths worldwide. The unprecedented pace of its transmission worldwide, the resultant heavy burden on healthcare systems everywhere, prompted efforts to have effective therapeutic strategies vaccination candidates available global population. While aged immunocompromised individuals form high-risk group for COVID-19 severe disease outcome, rate among children also increased with emergence Omicron variant. In addition, recent reports threatening SARS-CoV-2-associated brought forefront an urgent necessity vaccination. this article, we discuss current scenario SARS-CoV-2 special focus differences their immune system response as compared adults. Further, describe various vaccines, including bivalent vaccines children, detail, intending increase willingness acceptance.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in children DOI Creative Commons
Petter Brodin

Seminars in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69, P. 101794 - 101794

Published: June 20, 2023

During the three years since SARS-CoV-2 infections were first described a wealth of information has been gathered about viral variants and their changing properties, disease presentations they elicit how many vaccines developed in record time protect from COVID-19 severe different populations. A general theme throughout pandemic observation that children young people fare well, with mild symptoms during acute infection full recovery thereafter. It also become clear this is not universally true, as some develop hypoxic pneumonia even succumb to infection, while another group rare but serious multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) other experience prolonged illness following post-COVID. Here I will discuss findings made explain these diverse manifestations infected by SARS-CoV-2. at speed efficacy protecting disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

9