Hierarchical predictive coding in distributed pain circuits

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: March 3, 2023

Predictive coding is a computational theory on describing how the brain perceives and acts, which has been widely adopted in sensory processing motor control. Nociceptive pain involves large distributed network of circuits. However, it still unknown whether this completely decentralized or requires networkwide coordination. Multiple lines evidence from human animal studies have suggested that cingulate cortex insula (cingulate-insula network) are two major hubs mediating information afferents spinothalamic inputs, whereas subregions cortices distinct projections functional roles. In mini-review, we propose an updated hierarchical predictive framework for perception discuss its related computational, algorithmic, implementation issues. We suggest active inference as generalized algorithm, hierarchically organized traveling waves independent neural oscillations plausible mechanism to integrate bottom-up top-down across

Language: Английский

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Peripherally acting anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies alter cortical gray matter thickness in migraine patients: A prospective cohort study

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40, P. 103531 - 103531

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Migraine is underpinned by central nervous system neuroplastic alterations thought to be caused the repetitive peripheral afferent barrage brain receives during headache phase (cortical hyperexcitability). Calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies (anti-CGRP-mAbs) are highly effective migraine preventative treatments. Their ability alter morphometry in treatment-responders vs. non-responders not well understood. Our aim was determine effects of anti-CGRP-mAb galcanezumab on cortical thickness after 3-month treatment patients with high-frequency episodic or chronic migraine. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging performed pre- and post-treatment 36 patients. In this group, 19 were classified responders (≥50% reduction monthly days) 17 considered (<50% days). Following cross-sectional processing analyze baseline differences thickness, two-stage longitudinal symmetrized percent change conducted investigate treatment-related changes. At baseline, no significant found between non-responders. After treatment, decreased (compared baseline) observed regions somatosensory cortex, anterior cingulate medial frontal superior gyrus, supramarginal gyrus. Non-responders demonstrated left dorsomedial cortex We interpret thinning seen responder group as suggesting that head pain could lead changes neural swelling dendritic complexity such reflect recovery process from maladaptive activity. This conclusion further supported our recent study showing 3 months initiation, incidence premonitory symptoms prodromes followed decreases but themselves (that is, relates reductions nociceptive signals responders). speculate a much longer period required allow return more ‘normal’ functioning state whereby occur.

Language: Английский

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Analgesia for the Bayesian Brain: How Predictive Coding Offers Insights Into the Subjectivity of Pain

Current Pain and Headache Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(11), P. 631 - 638

Published: July 8, 2023

Abstract Purpose of Review In order to better treat pain, we must understand its architecture and pathways. Many modulatory approaches pain management strategies are only poorly understood. This review aims provide a theoretical framework perception modulation in assist clinical understanding research analgesia anesthesia. Recent Findings Limitations traditional models for have driven the application new data analysis models. The Bayesian principle predictive coding has found increasing neuroscientific research, providing promising background principles consciousness perception. It can be applied subjective pain. Summary Pain viewed as continuous hierarchical process bottom-up sensory inputs colliding with top-down modulations prior experiences, involving multiple cortical subcortical hubs matrix. Predictive provides mathematical model this interplay.

Language: Английский

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Consciousness Research Through Pain

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 332 - 332

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Background/Objectives: Consciousness is a complex and elusive phenomenon encompassing self-awareness, sensory perception, emotions, cognition. Despite significant advances in neuroscience, understanding the neural mechanisms underlying consciousness remains challenging. Pain, as subjective multifaceted experience, offers unique lens for exploring by integrating inputs with emotional cognitive dimensions. This study examines relationship between pain, highlighting potential of pain model interplay experience activity. Methods: Literature review. Results: Key theories consciousness, such Global Workspace Theory Integrated Information Theory, provide diverse frameworks interpreting emergence consciousness. Similarly, research emphasizes role interpretation context shaping experiences, reflecting broader challenges studies. The limitations current methodologies, particularly difficulty objectively measuring phenomena, like are also addressed. highlights importance correlates, particular focus on brain regions, anterior cingulate cortex insula, which bridge experiences. By analyzing shared attributes this underscores to serve measurable proxy research. Conclusions: Ultimately, it contributes unraveling philosophical underpinnings offering implications mental health treatment advancements artificial intelligence. fills critical gap leveraging reproducible combining theoretical empirical evidence, novel insights into how emerges from processes.

Language: Английский

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Relationship of opioid tolerance to patient and wound factors, and wound micro-environment in patients with open wounds

Journal of Wound Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34(Sup2), P. S6 - S16

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Objective: Opioid tolerance is a criterion for opioid use disorder, which currently an epidemic in the US. Individuals with open wounds are frequently administered opioids; however, phenomenon of has not been examined context wounds. The purpose this exploratory study was to compare patient/wound factors, wound microbiome and inflammatory mediators between individuals who were opioid-tolerant versus those opioid-tolerant. Method: Patients acute enrolled cross-sectional study. All data collected before during one-time dressing change. Results: included total 385 participants. Opioid-tolerant participants significantly younger (p<0.0001); had higher levels depression (p=0.0055) anxiety (p=0.0118); pain catastrophising scores (p=0.0035); reported resting number <30 days' duration (p=0.0486); lower bacterial richness (p=0.0152) than A backward elimination logistic regression model showed that four predictors—resting pain, age, depression—were most important variables predicting opioid-tolerance status. Conclusion: These findings provide first insights into This provides from guide hypothesis-driven research future.

Language: Английский

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Thermosensory predictive coding underpins an illusion of pain

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(11)

Published: March 12, 2025

The human brain has a remarkable ability to learn and update its beliefs about the world. Here, we investigate how thermosensory learning shapes our subjective experience of temperature misperception pain in response harmless thermal stimuli. Through computational modeling, demonstrate that uses probabilistic predictive coding scheme changes based on their uncertainty. We find these expectations directly modulate perception grill illusion. Quantitative microstructural imaging further revealed individual variability parameters related uncertainty-driven decision-making is reflected microstructure regions such as precuneus, posterior cingulate gyrus, cerebellum, well basal ganglia brainstem. These findings provide framework understand infers from innocuous inputs, with important implications for etiology symptoms under chronic conditions.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Perioperative Auditory Stimulation with Music on Procedural Pain: A Narrative Review

Current Pain and Headache Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(8), P. 217 - 226

Published: July 6, 2023

Music therapy has seen increasing applications in various medical fields over the last decades. In vast range of possibilities through which music can relieve suffering, there is a risk that-given its efficacy-the physiological underpinnings are too little understood. This review provides evidence-based neurobiological concepts for use perioperative pain management.The current neuroscientific literature shows significant convergence matrix and neuronal networks pleasure triggered by music. These functions seem to antagonize each other thus be brought fruition therapy. The encouraging results fMRI EEG studies still await full translation this top-down modulating mechanism into broad clinical practice. We embed framework. involves touching on Bayesian "predictive coding" theories strokes outlining functional units nociception matrix. will help understand findings summarized second part review. There opportunities practitioners, including anesthesiologists treating acute anxiety emergency situations, where could bring patients.

Language: Английский

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Topographically selective motor inhibition under threat of pain

Pain, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 165(12), P. 2851 - 2862

Published: June 25, 2024

Pain-related motor adaptations may be enacted predictively at the mere threat of pain, before pain occurrence. Yet, in humans, neurophysiological mechanisms underlying anticipation remain poorly understood. We tracked evolution changes corticospinal excitability (CSE) as healthy adults learned to anticipate occurrence lateralized, muscle-specific upper limb. Using a Pavlovian conditioning task, different visual stimuli predicted right or left forearm (experiment 1) hand 2). During presentation occurrence, single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied over primary cortex probe CSE and elicit evoked potentials from target muscles. The correlation between participants' trait anxiety also assessed. Results showed that triggered inhibition specifically limb where expected. In addition, modulated relative threatened muscle, with inhibiting muscles, whereas inhibited muscle only. Finally, stronger correlated greater anxiety. These results advance mechanistic understanding processes showing pain-related are sets anticipatory, topographically organized associated expected shaped by individual levels. Including such anticipatory into models lead new treatments for disorders.

Language: Английский

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Advancing Pain Understanding and Drug Discovery: Insights from Preclinical Models and Recent Research Findings

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. 1439 - 1439

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Despite major advancements in our understanding of its fundamental causes, pain-both acute and chronic-remains a serious health concern. Various preclinical investigations utilizing diverse animal, cellular, alternative models are required frequently demanded by regulatory approval bodies to bridge the gap between lab clinic. Investigating naturally occurring painful disorders can speed up medication development at clinical levels illuminating molecular pathways. A wide range animal related pain have been developed elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms aid identifying novel targets for treatment. Pain sometimes drugs fail clinically, causing high translational costs due poor selection use tools reporting. To improve study context, researchers creating innovative over past few decades that better represent pathological conditions. In this paper, we provide summary traditional models, including rodents, cellular human volunteers, as well specific characteristics diseases they model. However, more rigorous approach research cutting-edge analgesic technologies may be necessary successfully create analgesics. The highlights from review emphasize new opportunities develop includes animals non-animals using proven methods pertinent comprehending treating suffering. This value variety modern before trials. These help us understand different behind various types. will ultimately lead effective medications.

Language: Английский

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A Computational Framework for Understanding the Impact of Prior Experiences on Pain Perception and Neuropathic Pain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2024

Abstract Pain perception is influenced not only by sensory input from afferent neurons but also cognitive factors such as prior expectations. It has been suggested that overly precise priors may be a key contributing factor to chronic pain states neuropathic pain. However, it remains an open question how in favor of might arise. Here, we first verify Bayesian approach can describe statistical integration expectations and results phenomena placebo hypoalgesia, nocebo hyperalgesia, pain, spontaneous Our indicate the value prior, which determined internal model parameters, contributor these phenomena. Next, apply hierarchical update parameters based on difference between predicted perceived reflect people integrate experiences their future In contrast with simpler approaches, this structure able show for hypoalgesia hyperalgesia arise form classical conditioning procedure. We demonstrate phenomenon offset analgesia, disproportionally large decrease obtained following minor reduction noxious stimulus intensity. Finally, turn simulations where our corroborates persistent non-neuropathic risk developing denervation, additionally offers interesting prediction complete absence informative painful could similar factor. Taken together, provide insight contribute perception, both experimental improving strategies prevention relief. Author summary To efficiently navigate world avoid harmful situations, beneficial learn experiences. This learning process typically certain contexts being associated expected level subsequently influences perception. While anticipation evolved mechanism avoiding harm, recent research indicates fact conditions, persists even after tissue damage healed, or arises without any initiating injury. mathematically pain-learning-process. successfully describes several counterintuitive well-documented make predictions same leveraged improve

Language: Английский

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