A single pair of pharyngeal neurons functions as a commander to reject high salt in Drosophila melanogaster

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Dec. 27, 2023

Salt (NaCl), is an essential nutrient for survival, while excessive salt can be detrimental. In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster , internal taste organs in pharynx are critical gatekeepers impacting decision to accept or reject a food. Currently, our understanding of mechanism through which pharyngeal gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) sense high rudimentary. Here, we found that member ionotropic family, Ir60b expressed exclusively pair GRNs activated by salt. Using two-way choice assay (DrosoX) measure ingestion volume, demonstrate IR60b and two co-receptors IR25a IR76b required prevent consumption. Mutants lacking external but retaining exhibit much higher avoidance than flies with all missing three IRs. Our findings highlight vital role IRs GRN control

Language: Английский

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Avoiding alkaline taste through ionotropic receptors

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(6), P. 110087 - 110087

Published: May 23, 2024

Taste organs contain distinct gustatory receptors that help organisms differentiate between nourishing and potentially harmful foods. The detection of high pH levels plays a crucial role in food selection, but the specific responsible for perceiving elevated foods have remained unknown. By using

Language: Английский

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Tastant-receptor interactions: insights from the fruit fly

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 11, 2024

Across species, taste provides important chemical information about potential food sources and the surrounding environment. As details chemicals receptors responsible for gustation are discovered, a complex view of system is emerging with significant contributions from research using fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster , as model organism. In this brief review, we summarize recent advances in their relevance to more broadly. Our goal highlight molecular mechanisms underlying first step gustatory circuits: ligand-receptor interactions primary cells. After an introduction how it encodes canonical modalities sweet, bitter, salty, describe insights into nature carboxylic acid amino detection context sour umami taste, respectively. analysis extends non-canonical including metals, fatty acids, bacterial components, highlights unexpected signaling pathways that have recently been identified Comparing intricate cellular underpinnings ligands detected vivo flies reveals both specific promiscuous receptor selectivity encoding. Throughout compare contextualize these findings mammalian not only emphasize conservation chemosensory systems, but demonstrate power organism elucidating neurobiology feeding.

Language: Английский

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Molecular insight into reproductive toxicity and transgenerational effects of Cadmium exposure on Drosophila melanogaster

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 291, P. 117870 - 117870

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Cadmium (Cd), a widespread and serious environmental pollutant, has recently garnered increasing scientific scrutiny due to its profound adverse effects. Although the evidence for Cd-induced reproductive toxicity is well established, it remains elusive on intricate dose-response relationship underlying molecular mechanisms, especially transgenerational in animals. Here, we employed fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) as model organism examine performance across five generations by parental exposure varying concentrations of Cd (5, 50, 500 μM). Firstly, our observations number eggs laid, pupae formed, adult flies emerged directly exposed generation (F0) confirmed dose-dependent decline fecundity. Transcriptome analysis revealed that, oxidative stress ion transport disruption F0 could underlie synaptic dysfunction impaired follicle cell development, impacting behavior oocyte fertility. Employing analysis, Wnt signaling pathway mTOR were identified early responses toxicity. Secondly, sustained detrimental effects observed at least two three after removal. At epigenetic level, perturb fecundity modulating Dnmt2 expression, pivotal regulator methylation processes. Moreover, despite phenotypic recovery F4, persistent changes indicate enduring toxicity, highlighting need vigilance against contamination long-term Collectively, findings enhance understanding effects, highlight further improve assessment multigenerational consequences contamination.

Language: Английский

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Harnessing Insect Chemosensory and Mechanosensory Receptors Involved in Feeding for Precision Pest Management

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 110 - 110

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Chemosensation and mechanosensation are vital to insects’ survival behavior, shaping critical physiological processes such as feeding, metabolism, mating, reproduction. During insects rely on diverse chemosensory mechanosensory receptors distinguish between nutritious harmful substances, enabling them select suitable food sources while avoiding toxins. These distributed across various body parts, allowing detect environmental cues about quality adjust their behaviors accordingly. A deeper understanding of insect sensory physiology, especially during not only enhances our knowledge biology but also offers significant opportunities for practical applications. This review highlights recent advancements in research feeding-related receptors, covering a wide range species, from the model organism Drosophila melanogaster agricultural human pests. Additionally, this examines potential targeting precision pest control. Disrupting feeding reproduction emerges promising strategy management. By interfering with these essential behaviors, we can effectively control populations minimizing impacts promoting ecological balance.

Language: Английский

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Cellular Dissociation of Ecdysteroid-DopEcR Signaling for Toxin Avoidance and Detoxification

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cholesterol taste avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster

Published: April 7, 2025

The question as to whether animals taste cholesterol is not resolved. This study investigates the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster , capable of detecting through their gustatory system. We found that flies are indifferent low levels and avoid higher levels. avoidance mediated by receptor neurons (GRNs), demonstrating can cholesterol. responsive GRNs comprise a subset also respond bitter substances. Cholesterol detection depends on five ionotropic (IR) family members, disrupting any these genes impairs flies’ ability Ectopic expressions IRs in reveals two classes receptors, each with three shared one unique subunit. Additionally, expressing receptors sugar-responsive confers attraction cholesterol, GRNs.

Language: Английский

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Cholesterol taste avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster

Published: April 7, 2025

The question as to whether animals taste cholesterol is not resolved. This study investigates the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, capable of detecting through their gustatory system. We found that flies are indifferent low levels and avoid higher levels. avoidance mediated by receptor neurons (GRNs), demonstrating can cholesterol. cholesterol-responsive GRNs comprise a subset also responds bitter substances. Cholesterol detection depends on five ionotropic (IR) family members, disrupting any these genes impairs flies' ability Ectopic expressions IRs in reveals two classes receptors, each with three shared one unique subunit. Additionally, expressing receptors sugar-responsive confers attraction cholesterol, GRNs.

Language: Английский

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Cholesterol taste avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 17, 2025

The question as to whether animals taste cholesterol is not resolved. This study investigates the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster , capable of detecting through their gustatory system. We found that flies are indifferent low levels and avoid higher levels. avoidance mediated by receptor neurons (GRNs), demonstrating can cholesterol. cholesterol-responsive GRNs comprise a subset also responds bitter substances. Cholesterol detection depends on five ionotropic (IR) family members, disrupting any these genes impairs flies' ability Ectopic expressions IRs in reveals two classes receptors, each with three shared one unique subunit. Additionally, expressing receptors sugar-responsive confers attraction cholesterol, GRNs.

Language: Английский

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Pharyngeal neuronal mechanisms governing sour taste perception in Drosophila melanogaster

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Sour taste, which is elicited by low pH, may serve to help animals distinguish appetitive from potentially harmful food sources. In all species studied date, the attractiveness of oral acids contingent on concentration. Many carboxylic are attractive at ecologically relevant concentrations but become aversive beyond some maximal Recent work found that Drosophila ionotropic receptors IR25a and IR76b expressed sweet-responsive gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) in labellum, a peripheral organ, mediate feeding behaviors toward dilute acids. Here, we disclose existence pharyngeal sensors melanogaster detect ingested also involved responses These rely IR51b, IR94a, IR94h, together with IR76b, drive We then demonstrate optogenetic activation either Ir94a + or Ir94h GRNs promotes an response, confirming their contributions behavior. Our discovery internal sour taste opens up new avenues for investigating sensation tastants insects.

Language: Английский

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