Molecular Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
27(4), P. 2255 - 2263
Published: March 3, 2022
Abstract
Adverse
childhood
experiences
(ACEs)
are
associated
with
depression
and
systemic
inflammation
in
adults.
However,
limited
longitudinal
research
has
tested
these
relationships
children
young
people,
it
is
unclear
whether
an
underlying
mechanism
through
which
ACEs
influence
depression.
We
examined
the
associations
of
several
across
different
early-life
periods
patterns
adulthood
assessed
mediating
role
inflammation.
The
data
came
from
Avon
Longitudinal
Study
Parents
Children
(
N
=
3931).
prenatal
period
to
adolescence
were
operationalised
using
cumulative
scores,
single
adversities,
dimensions
derived
factor
analysis.
Inflammation
(C-reactive
protein)
was
measured
on
three
occasions
(9–18
years)
depressive
symptoms
ascertained
four
(18–23
years).
Latent
class
growth
analysis
employed
delineate
group-based
trajectories
between
inflammation/depression
multinomial
logistic
regression
Most
types
all
elevated
trajectories,
larger
for
threat-related
adversities
compared
other
ACEs.
Bullying
victimisation
sexual
abuse
late
childhood/adolescence
CRP
while
unrelated
also
did
not
mediate
These
results
suggest
that
consistently
depression,
whereas
weak
people.
Interventions
targeting
this
population
might
offer
protection
against
Molecular Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
28(1), P. 141 - 153
Published: Dec. 14, 2022
Abstract
Early
life
stress
(ELS),
such
as
abuse
and
neglect
during
childhood,
can
lead
to
psychiatric
disorders
in
later
life.
Previous
studies
have
suggested
that
ELS
cause
profound
changes
gene
expression
through
epigenetic
mechanisms,
which
adulthood;
however,
on
modifications
associated
with
adolescents
are
limited.
Moreover,
how
these
is
not
fully
understood.
Commonly,
DNA
methylation,
histone
modification,
the
regulation
of
noncoding
RNAs
been
attributed
reprogramming
profiling
ELS.
Although
only
a
few
attempted
examine
ELS,
existing
evidence
suggests
there
commonalities
differences
between
adults.
In
addition,
sex-dependent
influenced
by
type
this
review,
we
critically
evaluated
current
particularly
methylation
microRNAs
both
preclinical
models
humans.
We
also
clarified
impact
predict
development
neuropsychiatric
prevent
recover
personalized
medicine.
Development and Psychopathology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
34(2), P. 557 - 571
Published: Jan. 31, 2022
Abstract
Different
dimensions
of
adversity
may
affect
mental
health
through
distinct
neurobiological
mechanisms,
though
current
supporting
evidence
consists
largely
cross-sectional
associations
between
threat
or
deprivation
and
fronto-limbic
circuitry.
In
this
exploratory
three-wave
longitudinal
study
spanning
ages
9–19
years,
we
examined
the
experiences
unpredictability,
threat,
with
development
functional
connectivity
within
three
brain
networks
implicated
in
psychopathology:
salience
(SAL),
default
mode
(DMN),
fronto-parietal
(FPN)
networks,
tested
whether
network
trajectories
moderated
changes
internalizing
symptoms.
Connectivity
decreased
age
on
average;
these
differed
by
dimension
adversity.
Whereas
family-level
was
associated
lower
initial
levels
more
stability
across
most
unpredictability
only
SAL
connectivity,
FPN
DMN-SAL
connectivity.
youth
exposed
to
higher
any
adversity,
were
related
smaller
increases
Our
findings
suggest
that
whereas
is
widespread
neurodevelopmental
differences
cognitive
emotion
processing
selectively
detection
Studies
wider
developmental
windows
should
examine
alterations
are
adaptive
serve
maintain
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
120(49)
Published: Nov. 27, 2023
The
global
agri-food
system
is
simultaneously
a
major
contributor
to,
and
severely
affected
by,
climate
change.
Agroecological
farming
systems
can
contribute
to
creating
resilient
systems.
Based
on
multiyear
qualitative
case
study,
...Supporting
transitions
sustainable,
important
ensure
stable
food
supply
in
the
face
of
growing
extremes.
Agroecology,
or
diversified
based
ecological
principles,
such
...
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17
Published: May 18, 2023
Maternal
separation
in
early
life
has
a
detrimental
effect
on
the
physiological
and
biochemical
functions
of
brains
offspring
can
lead
to
anxiety-
depression-like
behaviors
later
life.
Resveratrol
possesses
variety
pharmacological
properties,
including
anti-inflammatory,
anxiolytic,
anti-depressive
effects.
In
rodents,
resveratrol
attenuate
induced
by
chronic
unpredictable
mild
stress,
estrogen
deficiency,
lipopolysaccharide.
However,
whether
administration
during
adolescence
counteract
these
when
they
result
from
maternal
is
unknown.
this
study,
male
C57BL/6J
mice
were
separated
their
mothers
for
4
h
per
day
postnatal
2
(PND
2)
PND
21;
starting
61,
was
administered
intraperitoneally
at
40
mg/(kg/day
–1
)
weeks.
At
3
months
age,
anxiety
assessed
using
series
tasks
consisting
an
open
field
test,
elevated
plus
maze
forced
swimming
tail
suspension
test.
The
hippocampal
levels
interleukin
(IL)-1β,
IL-6,
tumor
necrosis
factor-alpha
(TNF-α)
measured
ELISA,
while
those
sirtuin
1
(Sirt1)
nuclear
factor
kappa
B
(NF-κB)
p65
determined
western
blotting
PCR.
results
showed
that
led
increased
behaviors,
enhanced
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
downregulated
Sirt1/NF-κB
signaling
pathway
offspring;
however,
effects
could
be
reversed
treatment
with
resveratrol.
Our
findings
suggested
ameliorate
inflammation
via
activation
pathway.
Physiological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
104(1), P. 473 - 532
Published: Sept. 21, 2023
The
normal
stress
response
in
humans
is
governed
by
the
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
(HPA)
axis
through
heightened
mechanisms
during
stress,
raising
blood
levels
of
glucocorticoid
hormone
cortisol.
Glucocorticoids
are
quintessential
compounds
that
balance
proper
functioning
numerous
systems
mammalian
body.
They
also
generated
synthetically
and
preeminent
therapy
for
inflammatory
diseases.
act
binding
to
nuclear
receptor
transcription
factor
(GR),
which
has
two
main
isoforms
(GRα
GRβ).
Our
classical
understanding
signaling
from
GRα
isoform,
binds
hormone,
whereas
GRβ
no
known
ligands.
With
glucocorticoids
being
involved
many
physiological
cellular
processes,
even
small
disruptions
their
release
via
HPA
axis,
or
changes
GR
isoform
expression,
can
have
dire
ramifications
on
health.
Long-term
chronic
lead
a
glucocorticoid-resistant
state,
we
deliberate
how
this
impacts
disease
treatment.
Chronic
treatment
noticeable
side
effects
such
as
weight
gain,
adiposity,
diabetes,
others
discuss
detail.
There
sexually
dimorphic
responses
glucocorticoids,
women
tend
more
hyperresponsive
than
men.
This
review
summarizes
our
critically
analyzes
beneficial
deleterious
sexual
differences
cause
dichotomy
responses.
We
future
propose
new
concept
dual
agonist
postulate
why
activating
both
may
prevent
resistance.
