Disparities in Pediatric Mental and Behavioral Health Conditions

PEDIATRICS, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 150(4)

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Mental and behavioral health conditions are common among children adolescents in the United States. The purpose of this state-of the-art review article is to describe inequities mental care access outcomes for adolescents, characterize mechanisms behind inequities, discuss strategies decrease them. Understanding underlying these essential inform mitigate disparities. Half States with a treatable disorder do not receive treatment from professional. Children racial, ethnic, sexual, sex, other minority groups experience disparities conditions. Suicide rates nearly twice as high Black compared White boys 5 11 years old have been increasing disproportionately adolescent girls 12 17 old. identifying sexual >3 times increased odds attempting suicide heterosexual peers. Adverse experiences living part group, including racism discrimination, immediate lasting effects on health. Poverty an uneven geographic distribution resources also contribute Strategies address include investing diverse workforce professionals, improving school-based services, ensuring equitable telehealth, conducting quality improvement rigorous attention equity.

Language: Английский

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Future Directions in Mental Health Treatment with Stigmatized Youth

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(5), P. 810 - 825

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

Stigma refers to societally-deemed inferiority associated with a circumstance, behavior, status, or identity. It manifests internally, interpersonally, and structurally. Decades of research indicate that all forms stigma are heightened risk for mental health problems (e.g., depression, PTSD, suicidality) in stigmatized youth (i.e., children, adolescents, young adults one more identities, such as Color transgender youth). Notably, studies find living places high structural - defined laws/policies norms/attitudes hurt people have harder time accessing treatment less able benefit from it. In order reduce inequities, it is imperative our field better understand, ultimately address, at each these levels. To facilitate this endeavor, we briefly review on treatment, an emphasis stigma, present three future directions area: (1) directly addressing (2) training therapists culturally responsive care, (3) interventions. We conclude recommendations best practices broader research.

Language: Английский

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A systematic review of cultural competence trainings for mental health providers.

Professional Psychology Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 53(4), P. 362 - 371

Published: June 2, 2022

We conducted a systematic review to characterize features and evaluate outcomes of cultural competence trainings delivered mental health providers. reviewed 37 training curricula described in 40 articles published between 1984-2019 extracted information about curricular content (e.g., identities), as well duration), methods instructional strategies), (i.e., attitudes, knowledge, skills). Training participants included graduate students practicing professionals from range disciplines. Few studies (7.1%) employed randomized-controlled trial design, instead favoring single-group (61.9%) or quasi-experimental (31.0%) designs. Many focused on race/ethnicity (64.9%), followed by sexual orientation (45.9%) general multicultural identity (43.2%). other categorizations such religion (16.2%), immigration status (13.5%), socioeconomic (13.5%). Most topics sociocultural (89.2%) (78.4%), but fewer discrimination prejudice (54.1%). Lectures discussions (86.5%) were common strategies, whereas opportunities for application material less clinical experience: 16.2%; modeling: 13.5%). Cultural attitudes the most frequently assessed outcome (89.2%), knowledge (81.1%) skills (67.6%). To advance science practice trainings, we recommend that future include control groups, pre- post-training assessment, multiple measuring outcomes. also consideration categories are represented, how might develop culturally competent providers beyond any single category, best leverage active learning strategies maximize impact trainings.

Language: Английский

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Structural Racism, Workforce Diversity, and Mental Health Disparities: A Critical Review

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 1985 - 1996

Published: Aug. 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Children and young people’s reported contact with professional services for mental health concerns: a secondary data analysis

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(8), P. 2647 - 2655

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Children and young people's mental health services have been under increasing pressure following COVID-19. Understanding, for which channels help is sought from, will highlight needing support. This study aims to explore the professional that parents of children, people get from when they a concern child's/their health. Secondary analysis data taken Mental Health Young People in England Survey, 2017. 7608 reports health-related contact with 5-16 year-olds self-reports aged 17-19 were available. Service was reported by Diagnostic Statistical Manual Disorders (DSM-V) diagnosis, age, gender ethnicity. Less than two-thirds children DSM-V diagnosis (63.5% (95% CI 58.6-68.1) 5-10, 64.0% 59.4-68.4) 11-16) any services. The figure lower those 17-19; 50.1% 42.8-58.2), p = 0.005. Black (11.7%; 95% 2.4-41.4), Asian (55.1%; 34.7-73.9) Mixed (46.0%; 32.4-60.3) ethnic groups less compared White group (66.9%; 63.5-70.2). Patterns service access during three main educational stages aid understanding need childhood. These levels minority demand further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Emotional Distress Disparities Across Multiple Intersecting Social Positions: The Role of Bias-Based Bullying

PEDIATRICS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 153(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

OBJECTIVES To apply an intersectional lens to disparities in emotional distress among youth, including multiple social positions and experiences with bias-based bullying. METHODS Data are from the 2019 Minnesota Student Survey (n = 80 456). Social (race ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender) 2 forms of bullying (racist, homophobic or transphobic) were entered into decision tree models for depression, anxiety, self-injury, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts. Groups highest prevalence described. Rates youth matching but no described comparison. RESULTS LGBQ identities (90%) transgender, gender diverse, questioning (54%) common highest-prevalence groups distress, often concurrently; racial ethnic rarely emerged. Bias-based characterized 82% groups. In comparable without bullying, rates 20% 60% lower (average 38.8%). CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight as important point intervention mitigation mental health disparities, particularly lesbian, gay, bisexual, gender-diverse, queer, adolescents. Results importance addressing schools supporting students at systemic level a way preventing distress.

Language: Английский

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The Goldilocks Zone: Finding the right balance of user and institutional risk for suicide-related generative AI queries

PLOS Digital Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. e0000711 - e0000711

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Generative artificial intelligence (genAI) has potential to improve healthcare by reducing clinician burden and expanding services, among other uses. There is a significant gap between the need for mental health care available clinicians in United States–this makes it an attractive target improved efficiency through genAI. Among most sensitive topics suicide, demand crisis intervention grown recent years. We aimed evaluate quality of genAI tool responses suicide-related queries. entered 10 queries into five tools–ChatGPT 3.5, GPT-4, version GPT-4 safe protected information, Gemini, Bing Copilot. The response each query was coded on seven metrics including presence suicide hotline number, content related evidence-based interventions, supportive content, harmful content. Pooling across tools, (79%) were supportive. Only 24% included number only 4% consistent with prevention interventions. Harmful rare (5%); all such instances delivered Our results suggest that developers have taken very conservative approach constrained their models’ support-seeking, but little else. Finding balance providing much needed information without introducing excessive risk within capabilities developers. At this nascent stage integrating tools systems, ensuring parity should be goal organizations.

Language: Английский

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The Influence of Project ECHO and Integrated Behavioral Health in Primary Care on Emergency Department Visits Among Youth Diagnosed with Depression

The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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“My School Could Have Done More”: Black Students' Reflections of Educators' Interventions on Peer Discrimination

Psychology in the Schools, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Black students in K‐12 settings are facing heightened rates of discrimination from their peers. Although may primarily be racial nature, other aspects students' racialized experience (e.g., wealth status, gender, nationality, etc.) often targeted as well. Despite rising issues peer toward and intersecting identities, few works have investigated how school personnel distinguish such and/or deploy intervention practices a response. This study interviewed ( n = 15) Biracial/ethnic 2) high graduates (ages 18–21) about experiences with discrimination, educators' approaches to participants' insight on preferred approaches. An intersectional framework the Transformative Social Emotional Learning were used phenomenologically analyze data. Results indicate that participants experienced high‐school peers, rarely intervened culturally responsive manner. However, responses mirrored more actionable, discrimination.

Language: Английский

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Neurociencias Cognitivas y sus aportes a las legislaciones de salud mental a nivel global

Published: April 21, 2025

Las legislaciones en salud mental presentan una serie de problemas carácter histórico que afectan el diseño e implementación las mismas, especialmente naciones vías desarrollo, tanto que, los países más desarrollados, políticas se diseñan y ejecutan con base estudios longitudinales ensayos clínicos diferentes poblaciones tenga cada nación. El objetivo este artículo revisión ha consistido hacer minuciosa inspección bases datos científicas académicas, fin obtener un cuerpo teórico lo suficientemente sólido como para entender dificultades técnicas atraviesan muchas economías emergentes materia mental, pues no llevan a cabo, evaluaciones estandarizadas sus muestras es precisamente ahí donde radica la mayor falla ministerios programas estos países. Se concluye estudio al afirmar si desarrollo optan manera obligatoria por crear propios instrumentos evaluación desde perspectiva devenida epidemiología, psicología experimental neuropsicología, podrá ser posible apliquen, sean objetivas rigurosas postulan neurociencias cognitivas potente herramienta guiar esa tarea construcción asesoría diplomáticos políticos.

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