Pollution and the Heart

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 385(20), P. 1881 - 1892

Published: Nov. 10, 2021

ardiovascular diseases are the world's leading cause of disability and death.Such were responsible in 2019 for an estimated 18.6 million deaths globally 957,000 United States. 1,2reat gains have been made reducing incidence cardiovascular disease related mortality high-income countries.Identification risk factors such as tobacco use, hypertension, dyslipidemia, physical inactivity, diabetes large, prospective, multiyear epidemiologic studies has key.Recognition these increased awareness diseases, enhanced early detection, guided treatment prevention.These advances contributed to more than a 50% decline from States since 1950. 3ollution -unwanted material released into environment by human activity -is another important yet often overlooked factor (Fig. 1). 4 The Global Burden Disease (GBD) study estimates that pollution was 9 worldwide 2019, 61.9% which due disease, including ischemic heart (31.7%) stroke (27.7%) 2A). 1 These numbers, large they are, almost certainly undercount full contribution global burden because based on only subset environmental factors. 4ntil now, reduction received scant attention programs control largely absent guidelines regarding prevention focused exclusively individual behavioral metabolic 5This is omission, incorporation could save millions lives.In this review, we summarize current evidence linking suggest evidence-based strategies prevention.We discuss exposure persons but argue lasting pollution-related can be achieved through government-supported interventions societal scale at its source encourage rapid transition clean energy.We note actions will also slow pace climate change thus produce double benefit.Only multipronged strategy combines with epidemic contained. A ir Pollu tionAir complex mixture varies concentration composition according time place greatly influenced weather. 5,6It includes particulate gaseous primary pollutants nitrogen oxides (NO x ), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, directly atmosphere,

Language: Английский

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Critical review on emerging health effects associated with the indoor air quality and its sustainable management

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 872, P. 162163 - 162163

Published: Feb. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Joint exposure to various ambient air pollutants and incident heart failure: a prospective analysis in UK Biobank

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 42(16), P. 1582 - 1591

Published: Dec. 8, 2020

Little is known about the relation between long-term joint exposure to various ambient air pollutants and incidence of heart failure (HF). We aimed assess association with HF risk examine modification effect genetic susceptibility.

Language: Английский

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Long-term exposure to low-level ambient air pollution and incidence of stroke and coronary heart disease: a pooled analysis of six European cohorts within the ELAPSE project

The Lancet Planetary Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(9), P. e620 - e632

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

BackgroundLong-term exposure to outdoor air pollution increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, but evidence is unclear on health effects pollutant concentrations lower than current EU and US standards WHO guideline limits. Within multicentre study Effects Low-Level Air Pollution: A Study in Europe (ELAPSE), we investigated associations long-term exposures fine particulate matter (PM2·5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon, warm-season ozone (O3) with incidence stroke acute coronary heart disease.MethodsWe did a pooled analysis individual data from six population-based cohort studies within ELAPSE, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Germany (recruited 1992–2004), harmonised area-level variables between cohorts. Participants (all adults) were followed up until migration area, death, or incident end follow-up (2011–15). Mean 2010 centrally developed European-wide land use regression models assigned participants' baseline residential addresses. We used Cox proportional hazards increasing levels covariate adjustment investigate association disease. assessed shape concentration-response function subset analyses participants living at predefined values.FindingsFrom ELAPSE cohorts, 137 148 analysed our fully adjusted model. During median 17·2 years (IQR 13·8–19·5), observed 6950 events 10 071 Incidence was associated PM2·5 (hazard ratio 1·10 [95% CI 1·01–1·21] per 5 μg/m3 increase), NO2 (1·08 [1·04–1·12] carbon (1·06 [1·02–1·10] 0·5 10−5/m whereas disease only (1·04 [1·01–1·07]). Warm-season O3 not an increase either outcome. Concentration-response curves indicated no threshold below which are harmful for health. Effect estimates remained elevated even when restricting exposed limit values 25 40 NO2.InterpretationLong-term values.FundingHealth Institute.

Language: Английский

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Environmental risk factors and cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive expert review

Cardiovascular Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(14), P. 2880 - 2902

Published: Sept. 30, 2021

Abstract Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are fatal for more than 38 million people each year and thus the main contributors to global burden of disease accounting 70% mortality. The majority these deaths caused by cardiovascular (CVD). risk NCDs is strongly associated with exposure environmental stressors such as pollutants in air, noise exposure, artificial light at night, climate change, including heat extremes, desert storms, wildfires. In addition traditional factors CVD diabetes, arterial hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolaemia, genetic predisposition, there a growing body evidence showing that physicochemical environment contribute significantly high NCD numbers. Furthermore, urbanization accumulation intensification stressors. This comprehensive expert review will summarize epidemiology pathophysiology focus on NCDs. We also discuss solutions mitigation measures lower impact CVD.

Language: Английский

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Association of Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants With Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in China

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. e190318 - e190318

Published: March 8, 2019

Importance

Which cardiometabolic risk factors (eg, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, overweight or obesity, and dyslipidemia) are more sensitive to long-term exposure ambient air pollution whether participants with these conditions susceptible the cardiovascular effects of remain unclear.

Objectives

To evaluate associations among pollutants, factors, disease (CVD) prevalence.

Design, Setting, Participants

This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 through December 31, 2009, in 3 cities Northeastern China. Participants were adults aged 18 74 years who had lived area for 5 longer. Data analysis performed May 2018.

Exposures

Long-term (2006-2008) pollutants measured using a spatiotemporal statistical model (particulate matter an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm [PM_2.5] ≤1.0 [PM_1.0]) data monitoring stations ≤10.0 [PM_10.0], sulfur dioxide [SO₂], nitrogen [NO₂], ozone [O₃]).

Main Outcomes Measures

Cardiovascular determined by self-report physician-diagnosed CVD. Blood pressure, body mass index, levels triglycerides low-density lipoprotein cholesterol standard methods.

Results

included 15 477 (47.3% women) mean (SD) age 45.0 (13.5) years. The prevalence CVD 4.8%, ranged 8.6% (hyperbetalipoproteinemia) 40.5% (overweight obesity). Mean pollutant concentrations 35.3 (5.5) μg/m³(for NO₂) 123.1 (14.6) PM_10.0). Associations identified individuals hyperbetalipoproteinemia odds ratio [OR], 1.36 [95% CI, 1.03-1.78] 10-μg/m³increase PM_1.0) weakest association those obesity OR, 1.06 1.02-1.09] PM_1.0). Cardiometabolic only partially mediated between However, they modified such that greater found ORs per PM_1.0, 1.22 1.12-1.33] 1.07 0.98-1.16] without hyperbetalipoproteinemia).

Conclusions Relevance

In this Chinese CVD, associated higher strongest observed hyperbetalipoproteinemia. addition, may have been vulnerable on

Language: Английский

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Climate change and cardiovascular disease: implications for global health

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(12), P. 798 - 812

Published: June 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Personal-Level Protective Actions Against Particulate Matter Air Pollution Exposure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Circulation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 142(23)

Published: Nov. 5, 2020

Since the publication of last American Heart Association scientific statement on air pollution and cardiovascular disease in 2010, unequivocal evidence causal role fine particulate matter (PM2.5, or ≤2.5 μm diameter) has emerged. There is a compelling case to provide public with practical personalized approaches reduce health effects PM2.5. Such interventions would be applicable not only individuals heavily polluted countries, high-risk susceptible living cleaner environments, microenvironments higher exposures, but also those traveling locations high levels The overarching motivation for this document summarize current supporting personal-level strategies prevent adverse PM2.5, guide use most proven/viable approaches, obviate ineffective measures, avoid unwarranted interventions. significance relates global importance its focus tested viable directed at pollution. writing group sought expert consensus opinions measures recognizing uncertainty limited base many In doing so, acknowledges that intent assist other agencies charged protecting health, without minimizing personal choice considerations an individual who may decide these face ongoing exposure.

Language: Английский

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Combustion- and friction-derived magnetic air pollution nanoparticles in human hearts

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 176, P. 108567 - 108567

Published: June 29, 2019

Language: Английский

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Synergistic health effects of air pollution, temperature, and pollen exposure: a systematic review of epidemiological evidence

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2020

Abstract Background Exposure to heat, air pollution, and pollen are associated with health outcomes, including cardiovascular respiratory disease. Studies assessing the impacts of climate change have considered increased exposure these risk factors separately, though they may be increasing simultaneously for some populations act synergistically on health. Our objective is systematically review epidemiological evidence interactive effects multiple exposures human Methods We searched electronic literature databases (last search, April 29, 2019) studies reporting quantitative measurements associations between at least two mortality from any cause morbidity specifically. Following Navigation Guide systematic methodology, we evaluated bias individual overall quality strength evidence. Results found 56 that met inclusion criteria. Of these, six measured pollen; 39 pollution heat; 10 one heat pollen. Nearly all were assessment error. However, consistent exposure-response across led us conclude there moderate sufficient synergistic pollution. concluded low limited simultaneous (1) pollen, (2) With only study, unable assess Conclusions If confirmed additional research, change-driven increases in larger than previously estimated consider individually.

Language: Английский

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