Attachment Insecurity, Responses to Critical Incident Distress, and Current Emotional Symptoms in Ambulance Workers DOI
Janice Halpern, Robert Maunder,

Brian Schwartz

et al.

Stress and Health, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 28(1), P. 51 - 60

Published: May 17, 2011

Ambulance workers are exposed to critical incidents that may evoke intense distress and can result in long-term impairment. Individuals who regulate experience briefer post-incident fewer emotional difficulties. Attachment research has contributed our understanding of individual differences stress regulation, suggesting secure attachment is associated with effective support-seeking coping strategies, We tested the effect insecurity on ambulance workers, hypothesizing (1) insecure symptoms current (2) prolonged recovery from acute post-critical incident distress, strategies supportive contact mediate this relationship. measured insecurity, social following an index (3) post-traumatic stress, depression, somatization burnout hypothesized associations. Fearful-avoidant was all symptoms, most strongly depression (R=0.38, p<0.001). also maladaptive coping, reduced support slower withdrawal physical arousal incident, but these processes did not relationship between symptoms. These findings relevant for optimizing workers.

Language: Английский

The Co‐Occurrence of Major Depressive Disorder Among Individuals With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta‐Analysis DOI Open Access

Nina K. Rytwinski,

Michael D. Scur, Norah C. Feeny

et al.

Journal of Traumatic Stress, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 299 - 309

Published: May 20, 2013

Although co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive (MDD) is associated with greater distress, impairment, health care utilization than PTSD alone, the magnitude of this problem uncertain. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate mean prevalence current MDD co-occurrence among individuals examine potential moderating variables (U.S. nationality, gender, trauma type, military service, referral type) that may influence rate co-occurrence. Meta-analytic findings (k = 57 studies; N 6,670 participants) revealed 52%, 95% confidence interval [48, 56], had MDD. When outliers were removed, samples interpersonal traumas demonstrated higher rates civilian natural disasters, respectively. U.S. type did not significantly account for differences in rates. high accentuates importance routinely assessing continuing research into association between these disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

574
Classification of trauma and stressor-related disorders in DSM-5 DOI Open Access
Matthew J. Friedman, Patricia A. Resick, Richard A. Bryant

et al.

Depression and Anxiety, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 737 - 749

Published: June 16, 2011

This review examines the question of whether there should be a cluster disorders, including adjustment disorders (ADs), acute stress disorder (ASD), posttraumatic (PTSD), and dissociative (DDs), in section devoted to abnormal responses trauma DSM-5. Environmental risk factors, individual's developmental experience, would thus become major diagnostic consideration. The relationship these one another is examined also their other anxiety determine they are better grouped with or new specific grouping stressor-related disorders. First how have been classified since DSM-III reviewed. focus on PTSD because it has received most attention, regarding its proper placement among psychiatric diagnoses. It discussed considered an disorder, stress-induced fear circuitry internalizing disorder. Then, ASD, AD, DD from similar perspective. Evidence pro con, conclsion offered recommending inclusion this entitled "Trauma Stressor-Related Disorders." recommendation shift ASD out reflects increased recognition as precipitant, emphasizing common etiology over phenomenology. Similar considerations addressed regard AD DD.

Language: Английский

Citations

232
PATTERNS OF LIFETIME PTSD COMORBIDITY: A LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS DOI Open Access
Isaac R. Galatzer‐Levy, Angela Nickerson, Brett T. Litz

et al.

Depression and Anxiety, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 489 - 496

Published: Dec. 28, 2012

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with high rates of psychiatric comorbidity, most notably substance use disorders, major depression, and other anxiety disorders. However, little known about how these disorders cluster together among people PTSD, if clusters have distinct etiologies in terms trauma type, they confer greater burden over above PTSD alone.Utilizing Latent Class Analysis, we tested for discrete patterns lifetime comorbidity following exposure (n = 409). Diagnoses were based on the Structured Clinical Interview DSM-IV (SCID). Next, examined gender, symptom frequency, severity, interference everyday life latent classes.Three emerged: a class characterized by predominantly comorbid mood disorders; mood, anxiety, dependence; relatively pure low-comorbidity class. Individuals both classes had nearly two half times suicidal ideation, endorsed more demonstrated likelihood intimate partner abuse compared to low Men likely fall into dependent class.PTSD small number common patterns. These may represent an important area study, as differences risk possibly etiology. Implications research treatment are discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

203
Pre-Existing High Glucocorticoid Receptor Number Predicting Development of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms After Military Deployment DOI
Mirjam van Zuiden, Elbert Geuze, Hanneke L.D.M. Willemen

et al.

American Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 168(1), P. 89 - 96

Published: Nov. 16, 2010

Objective: The development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is influenced by preexisting vulnerability factors. authors aimed at identifying a biomarker representing factor for the PTSD. To that end, they determined whether dexamethasone binding capacity leukocytes, as measure glucocorticoid receptor (GR) number, before exposure to trauma was predictor PTSD symptoms. In addition, analyzed mRNA expression GR subtypes and target genes. Method: Participants were selected from large prospective study on deployment-related disorders, in which peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained prior 1 6 months after military deployment. included armed forces personnel with high levels symptoms deployment (N=34) comparison subjects without or depressive matched age, rank, previous deployments, educational level, function during Results: Before deployment, number PBMCs significantly higher participants who developed relative subjects. Logistic regression analysis showed risk inclusion group increased 7.5-fold each increase 1,000. No differences observed GR-α, GR-P, GR-β, glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), serum glucocorticoid-inducible kinase-1 (SGK-1), FKBP5. maintained Conclusions: These results demonstrate subsequent

Language: Английский

Citations

188
The association between post-traumatic stress disorder and lifetime DSM-5 psychiatric disorders among veterans: Data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III) DOI
Sharon Smith, Risë B. Goldstein,

Bridget F. Grant

et al.

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 82, P. 16 - 22

Published: July 4, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

155
Describing the Mental Health Profile of First Responders: A Systematic Review DOI
Sara Jones

Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 200 - 214

Published: Feb. 1, 2017

First responders (FRs) are responsible for providing multiple services during various critical events. Considering the frequency, nature, and intensity of duty-related traumatic exposures, cumulative impact on FRs' mental health is paramount importance.The purpose this systematic review was to describe how trauma exposure can affect comprehensive profile FRs, including firefighters, emergency medical technicians, paramedics.Using Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses guidelines, a literature search conducted using keywords related FRs health.Twenty-seven data-based articles met eligibility criteria were included in review. Studies explored concerns, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, suicidality, anxiety, alcohol use, sleep disturbances.Findings pose significant implications psychiatric nurses practice research, need tailored strategies meet needs at-risk population.

Language: Английский

Citations

138
Psychological burden of PTSD, depression, and their comorbidity in the U.S. veteran population: Suicidality, functioning, and service utilization DOI
Brandon Nichter, Sonya B. Norman,

Moira Haller

et al.

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 256, P. 633 - 640

Published: July 2, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

117
Co-occurring posttraumatic stress and depression symptoms after sexual assault: A latent profile analysis DOI
Teresa Au,

Benjamin D. Dickstein,

Jonathan S. Comer

et al.

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 149(1-3), P. 209 - 216

Published: March 8, 2013

Language: Английский

Citations

116
Glucocorticoid sensitivity of leukocytes predicts PTSD, depressive and fatigue symptoms after military deployment: A prospective study DOI
Mirjam van Zuiden, Cobi J. Heijnen,

Mirjam Maas

et al.

Psychoneuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 37(11), P. 1822 - 1836

Published: April 12, 2012

Language: Английский

Citations

89
Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and health-related quality of life in OEF/OIF veterans DOI
James O. E. Pittman,

Abigail A. Goldsmith,

Jennifer A. Lemmer

et al.

Quality of Life Research, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. 99 - 103

Published: April 22, 2011

Language: Английский

Citations

84