European journal of psychotraumatology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2018
Background:
Individuals
express
symptoms
of
posttraumatic
stress
in
various
ways,
noted
for
example
the
many
symptom
combinations
diagnostic
manuals.
Studies
aiming
to
examine
differences
presentations
by
extracting
latent
classes
or
profiles
indicate
both
presence
subtypes
with
differing
symptomatology
and
distinguished
severity
levels.
Few
studies
have
examined
subtype
associations
long-term
outcomes.
Objective:
The
current
study
aimed
apply
profile
analysis
on
(PTS)
a
highly
homogenous
sample
Swedish
tourists
exposed
2004
Southeast
Asia
tsunami
if
differed
their
outcome.
Methods:
An
was
conducted
using
self-report
data
collected
one
year
after
disaster
from
1638
survivors
that
endorsed
≥
1
PTS.
Associations
were
between
predictors
PTS
(loss
relative
friend,
subjective
life
threat)
levels
at
three-year
follow
up.
Results:
indicated
four
classes:
minimal,
low,
moderate,
severe
symptoms.
mainly
Loss
friend
threat
associated
higher
likelihood
belonging
any
other
class
than
minimal
class.
level
predictive
follow-up.
Conclusions:
Homogeneous
found
this
survivors.
Profile
diversity
may
be
related
variation
unmeasured
confounders
rather
reflect
qualitatively
different
disorders.Antecedentes:
los
individuos
expresan
síntomas
de
estrés
postraumático
varias
maneras,
como
se
observa,
por
ejemplo,
en
las
múltiples
combinaciones
manuales
diagnóstico.
Los
estudios
que
buscan
examinar
diferencias
la
presentación
mediante
extracción
clases
o
perfiles
latentes
indican
tanto
presencia
subtipos
con
sintomatología
diferente
distinguen
niveles
gravedad.
Pocos
han
examinado
asociaciones
resultados
largo
plazo.Objetivo:
el
estudio
actual
tuvo
objetivo
aplicar
análisis
perfil
latente
(por
su
sigla
inglés)
sobre
(STP,
una
muestra
altamente
homogénea
turistas
suecos
expuestos
al
del
sudeste
asiático
y
si
difirieron
resultado
plazo.Métodos:
llevó
cabo
un
LPA
utilizando
datos
auto-reporte
recogidos
año
después
desastre
sobrevivientes
acreditaron
uno
más
Se
examinaron
entre
predictores
(pérdida
familiar
amigo,
amenaza
subjetiva
vida)
seguimiento
tres
años.Resultados:
El
indicó
cuatro
clases:
mínimos,
bajos,
moderados
graves.
Las
distinguieron
principalmente
sus
La
pérdida
amigo
vida
asociaron
mayor
probabilidad
pertenecer
cualquier
otra
clase
mínima.
nivel
severidad
primer
fue
predictor
años.Conclusiones:
En
esta
desastres
encontraron
homogéneos
difieren
gravedad
síntomas.
diversidad
puede
estar
relacionada
variación
variables
confundentes
no
medidas
lugar
reflejar
trastornos
cualitativamente
diferentes.背景：不同个体的创伤后应激的症状有不同的表现，例如在诊断手册中提到的许多症状组合。现有研究通过提取潜在类别或剖面来考察症状表现的差异，这些研究结果表明同时存在具有不同症状和不同严重水平的亚型。但很少有研究考察亚型与长期结果的关联。目的：本研究旨在对一个高度同质的经历2004年东南亚海啸的瑞典游客样本中，应用潜在剖面分析考察创伤后应激（PTS）长期结果中是否存在不同的分类。方法：在灾难发生后的一年后使用1638名高度暴露的幸存者的自评数据进行LPA，这些幸存者具有≥1
PTS症状。对PTS的类别和预测因素（失去亲人或朋友、主观生活威胁）和三年后PTS水平之间的关联进行了考察。结果：LPA结果揭示四组分类：最轻程度，低，中，重度症状。类别的主要区别在于他们的PTS水平。失去亲人或朋友和主观生活威胁与归属于其他组的关联性高于最轻程度组。灾后一年的严重程度分组可预测三年后随访时的PTS严重程度。结论：在灾难幸存者样本中发现的创伤后应激的同质剖面，但主要区别在症状严重程度上。剖面多样性可能与样本变异和未测量的混杂因素有关，而不是反映出不同的疾病。.
Psychological Medicine,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
50(13), P. 2154 - 2170
Published: Aug. 27, 2019
Abstract
Background
Despite
extensive
research,
symptom
structure
of
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)
is
highly
debated.
The
network
approach
to
psychopathology
offers
a
novel
method
for
understanding
and
conceptualizing
PTSD.
However,
extant
studies
have
mainly
used
small
samples
self-report
measures
among
sub-clinical
populations,
while
also
overlooking
co-morbid
depressive
symptoms.
Methods
PTSD
topology
was
estimated
in
sample
1489
treatment-seeking
veteran
patients
based
on
clinician-rated
measure.
Next,
symptoms
were
incorporated
into
the
assess
their
influence
structure.
PTSD-symptom
then
contrasted
with
306
trauma-exposed
(TE)
not
meeting
full
criteria
corresponding
differences.
Finally,
directed
acyclic
graph
(DAG)
computed
estimate
potential
directionality
symptoms,
including
daily
functioning.
Results
evidenced
robust
reliability.
Flashbacks
getting
emotionally
upset
by
trauma
reminders
emerged
as
most
central
nodes
network,
regardless
inclusion
Distinct
clustering
within
comorbidity
network.
DAG
analysis
suggested
key
triggering
role
re-experiencing
Network
significantly
distinct
from
that
TE
sample.
Conclusions
psychological
reactions
reminders,
along
strong
connections
other
pivotal
clinical
presentation
combat-related
veterans.
Depressive
constitute
two
separate
diagnostic
entities,
but
meaningful
between-disorder
connections,
suggesting
mutually-influential
systems.
BMC Public Health,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Dec. 1, 2014
Sexual
assault
is
a
traumatic
event
with
potentially
devastating
lifelong
effects
on
physical
and
mental
health.
Research
has
demonstrated
that
individuals
who
experience
sexual
during
childhood
are
more
likely
to
engage
in
risky
behaviors
later
life,
such
as
smoking,
alcohol
drug
use,
disordered
eating
habits,
which
may
increase
the
risk
of
developing
chronic
disease.
Despite
high
prevalence
economic
burden
assault,
few
studies
have
investigated
associations
between
violence
health
conditions
US.
The
purpose
this
study
identify
behaviors,
utilizing
population
based
data
Kansas.Secondary
analysis
was
done
using
from
2011
Kansas
Behavioral
Risk
Factor
Surveillance
System
module
(N
=
4,886).
Crude
adjusted
rate
ratios
were
computed
examine
conditions,
overall
after
adjusting
for
social
demographic
characteristics.
Additional
logistic
regression
models
implemented
association
further
adjustment
history
anxiety
or
depression.There
significantly
higher
(heavy
drinking,
binge
drinking
current
smoking),
(disability,
asthma)
(depression,
anxiety,
suicidal
ideation)
among
women
ever
experienced
compared
did
not,
even
potential
confounders.Study
findings
highlight
need
disease
prevention
services
victims
violence.
There
important
implications
policies
practices
related
primary,
secondary,
tertiary
prevention,
well
collaborations
violence,
disease,
behavior
programs.
American Journal of Physical Anthropology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
171(S70), P. 87 - 117
Published: Nov. 24, 2019
The
germ
theory
of
disease
and
the
attendant
public
health
initiatives,
including
sanitation,
vaccination,
antibiotic
treatment,
led
to
dramatic
increases
in
global
life
expectancy.
As
prevalence
infectious
declines,
mental
disorders
are
emerging
as
major
contributors
burden
disease.
Scientists
understand
little
about
etiology
disorders,
however,
many
most
popular
psychopharmacological
treatments,
such
antidepressants
antipsychotics,
have
only
moderate-to-weak
efficacy
treating
symptoms
fail
target
biological
systems
that
correspond
discrete
psychiatric
syndromes.
Consequently,
despite
treatment
some
there
has
been
no
decrease
since
accurate
record
keeping
began.
Many
researchers
theorists
therefore
endeavoring
rethink
psychiatry
from
ground-up.
Anthropology,
especially
anthropology,
can
offer
critical
theoretical
empirical
insights
combat
illness
globally.
Biological
anthropologists
unique
we
take
a
panhuman
approach
human
behavior
trained
address
each
Tinbergen's
four
levels
analysis
well
culture.
field
is
thus
exceptionally
well-situated
help
resolve
mysteries
by
integrating
biological,
evolutionary,
sociocultural
perspectives.
