A systematic review of experimental evidence for antiviral effects of ivermectin and an in silico analysis of ivermectin's possible mode of action against SARS‐CoV‐2

Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 260 - 276

Published: Jan. 15, 2021

Viral infections remain a major cause of economic loss with an unmet need for novel therapeutic agents. Ivermectin is putative antiviral compound; the proposed mechanism inhibition nuclear translocation viral proteins, facilitated by mammalian host importins, necessary process propagation infections. We systematically reviewed evidence applicability ivermectin against including SARS-CoV-2 regarding efficacy, mechanisms and selective toxicity. The genome was mined to determine potential location signals meta-analyses in vivo studies included all comparators over time, dose range replication multiple organs. inhibited many viruses those Flaviviridae, Circoviridae Coronaviridae families vitro. Real mock were identified SARS-CoV-2, target predicting sequestration bait importin β, stopping infected cells from reaching virus-resistant state. While pharmacokinetic evaluations indicate that could be toxic if applied based on vitro studies, shown Porcine circovirus piglets Suid herpesvirus mice. Overall standardized mean differences 95% confidence intervals versus controls -4.43 (-5.81, -3.04), p < 0.00001. Based current results, repurposing as agent promising. However, further work needed reconcile clinical efficacy. Developing additional should pursued emphasis pre-clinical trials validated models infection.

Language: Английский

---

Heterocyclic compounds as antiviral drugs: Synthesis, structure–activity relationship and traditional applications

Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 58(12), P. 2226 - 2260

Published: July 26, 2021

Abstract A virus outbreak challenges the economic, medical, and public health infrastructure worldwide. More than one capable of triggering diseases have been identified per year since 1972, which requires development new ways treatment prevention, however, such processes are not rapid easy. With pandemic scenario experienced early 2020, several drugs with well‐known purposes gained prominence, due to speculation their use in against coronavirus. Among main studied, vast majority contain a heterocyclic structure. In this review, we presented traditional efficient synthesis 15 that studied for COVID‐19 treatment, containing structure heterocycles like indole, quinoline, pyrimidone, tetrahydrofuran, pyrrolidine, triazole, pyridazine, pyrazole, pyrrolopyrimidine, azetidine, pyrrolotriazine, pyrazine, tetrahydropyran, benzofuran, spiroketal, thiazole. Furthermore, shown original applications, as well structure–activity relationship what is situation drug candidate COVID‐19. Thus, objective was consolidate synthetic pharmacological aspects involving clinically developed at some point were promising SARS‐CoV‐2.

Language: Английский

---

Red blood cell-hitchhiking mediated pulmonary delivery of ivermectin: Effects of nanoparticle properties

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 619, P. 121719 - 121719

Published: April 4, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Green and Smart Quantitative Quality Control for Veterinary Mixture of Ivermectin and Clorsulon: Ecological Evaluation of Spectral Analyses via Analytical Eco-Scale, Green Analytical Procedure Index, and Analytical GREEnness Metric Approaches

Journal of AOAC International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 106(6), P. 1455 - 1463

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

The global financial market is still highly threatened by bovine fasciolosis, a parasitic infection that targets cattle, mainly in tropical regions. Binary combination of ivermectin (IVER) and clorsulon (CLO), challenging concentration ratios, typically indicated for treatment control fasciolosis.The present study aims at smart simultaneous spectrophotometric assay both compounds their high ratio marketed formulation synthetic mixtures, without any prior separation. Furthermore, greenness profile was evaluated compared with previous reported methods, including the official one.Mathematical-based proposed methods are dual-wavelength, induced first derivative methods. Each developed, optimized, applied to determine simultaneously IVER CLO linear ranges 1-30 5-40 μg/mL, respectively. They have been validated according ICH guidelines. Statistical Student t-tests F-tests USP chromatographic technique. Ecological appraisal accomplished using three independent metrics: Analytical Eco-Scale (AES), Green Procedure Index (GAPI), GREEnness Metric Approach (AGREE).Satisfactory recoveries, compliance, adherence ecological safety margin achieved.Developed eco-friendly cost-effective can accomplish routine quantitative quality concurrent determination drugs.Veterinary antimicrobials need analytical safer green methodologies. Data manipulated spectral analyses CLO, 1:10% (v/v), developed optimized. AES, GAPI, AGREE approaches illustrate compliance respect assays literature. United States Pharmacopeia (USP) injectable dosage form depends on analysis each drug separately presence other drug, but it cannot drugs simultaneously.

Language: Английский

---

Ivermectin for Prophylaxis and Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 1645 - 1645

Published: Sept. 8, 2021

Ivermectin has received particular attention as a potential treatment for COVID-19. However, the evidence to support its clinical efficacy is controversial.

Language: Английский

---

Anti-COVID-19 Nanomaterials: Directions to Improve Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 783 - 783

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Following the announcement of outbreak COVID-19 by World Health Organization, unprecedented efforts were made researchers around world to combat disease. So far, various methods have been developed this "virus" nano enemy, in close collaboration with clinical and scientific communities. Nanotechnology based on modifiable engineering materials useful physicochemical properties has demonstrated several fight against SARS-CoV-2. Here, what clarified so far from life cycle SARS-CoV-2, through an interdisciplinary perspective computational science, engineering, pharmacology, medicine, biology, virology, role nano-tools trio prevention, diagnosis, treatment is highlighted. The special different nanomaterials led their widespread use development personal protective equipment, anti-viral nano-coats, disinfectants SARS-CoV-2 out-body. nano-based vaccines acts as a strong shield in-body. In addition, fast detection high efficiency nanomaterial-based point-of-care devices another nanotechnology capability. Finally, can play effective agents carrier, such for blocking angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, gene editing agents, therapeutic agents. As general conclusion, it be said that nanoparticles widely used disinfection applications outside vivo. However, vivo applications, although provided promising results, still needs evaluated possible unintended immunotoxicity. Reviews like these important documents future unwanted pandemics.

Language: Английский

---

Insights of phytoremediation mechanisms for viruses based on in-vitro, in-vivo and in-silico assessments of selected herbal plants

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 351, P. 141101 - 141101

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Codelivery of ivermectin and methyl dihydrojasmonate in nanostructured lipid carrier for synergistic antileukemia therapy

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 656, P. 124086 - 124086

Published: April 4, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Emerging importance of nanotechnology-based approaches to control the COVID-19 pandemic; focus on nanomedicine iterance in diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 67, P. 102967 - 102967

Published: Nov. 6, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Virus-Induced Membrane Fusion in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 24, 2022

A growing body of epidemiological and research data has associated neurotropic viruses with accelerated brain aging increased risk neurodegenerative disorders. Many replicate optimally in senescent cells, as they offer a hospitable microenvironment persistently elevated cytosolic calcium, abundant intracellular iron, low interferon type I. As cell-cell fusion is major driver cellular senescence, many have developed the ability to promote this phenotype by forming syncytia. Cell-cell immunosuppression mediated phosphatidylserine externalization that enable evade host defenses. In hosts, virus-induced immune dysfunction premature senescence may predispose This concept supported novel studies found postinfectious cognitive several viral illnesses, including human immunodeficiency virus-1, herpes simplex SARS-CoV-2. Virus-induced pathological syncytia provide unified framework for conceptualizing neuronal cell cycle reentry, aneuploidy, somatic mosaicism, spreading Tau elimination viable synapses neurons neurotoxic astrocytes microglia. narrative review, we take closer look at vesicular merger pathogenesis We present “decentralized” information processing model conceptualizes neurodegeneration systemic illness, triggered cytoskeletal pathology. also discuss strategies reversing fusion, including, TMEM16F inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, senolytics, tubulin stabilizing agents. Finally, going beyond neurodegeneration, examine potential benefit harnessing therapeutic strategy regenerative medicine.

Language: Английский

---