IntechOpen eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 27, 2024
The
bioactive
peptides
produced
by
Bacillus
subtilis
have
garnered
significant
attention
for
their
diverse
bioactivities
and
promising
therapeutic
applications.
These
exhibit
broad-spectrum
activity
against
bacterial,
viral,
fungal,
parasitic
infections,
making
them
potent
candidates
treating
drug-resistant
pathogens.
Further,
these
exhibited
anticancer
selectively
targeting
cancer
cells,
inducing
apoptosis,
inhibiting
tumor
cell
migration
invasion.
Beyond
direct
antimicrobial
properties,
B.
also
possess
immunomodulatory
effects,
enhancing
host
immune
responses
reducing
inflammation.
This
dual
role
in
both
pathogen
elimination
regulation
expands
potential,
particularly
use
chronic
infections
wound
healing.
To
prevent
from
hydrolysis,
biomaterial
liposome
delivery
systems
been
designed
to
improve
the
stability
bioavailability
of
peptides.
key
challenge
peptide-based
drug
discovery
is
accurate
prediction
peptide
functionality
stability,
given
complexity
interactions
with
biological
targets.
Machine
learning
algorithms
can
be
employed
design
optimized
properties
accelerate
identification
novel
enhanced
efficacy
specificity.
Overall,
this
chapter
demonstrates
mechanisms
action,
applications,
Polymers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(14), P. 2021 - 2021
Published: July 15, 2024
Poly(vinyl
alcohol)
(PVA)
is
a
versatile
synthetic
polymer,
used
for
the
design
of
hydrogels,
porous
membranes
and
films.
Its
solubility
in
water,
film-
hydrogel-forming
capabilities,
non-toxicity,
crystallinity
excellent
mechanical
properties,
chemical
inertness
stability
towards
biological
fluids,
superior
oxygen
gas
barrier
good
printability
availability
(relatively
low
production
cost)
are
main
aspects
that
make
PVA
suitable
variety
applications,
from
biomedical
pharmaceutical
uses
to
sensing
devices,
packaging
materials
or
wastewater
treatment.
However,
pure
present
limited
flexibility
poor
biocompatibility
biodegradability,
which
restrict
its
use
alone
various
applications.
mixed
with
other
polymers
biomolecules
(polysaccharides,
proteins,
peptides,
amino
acids
etc.),
as
well
inorganic/organic
compounds,
generates
wide
PVA’s
shortcomings
considerably
improved,
new
functionalities
obtained.
Also,
transformation
brings
features
opens
door
unexpected
uses.
The
review
focused
on
recent
advances
PVA-based
hydrogels.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(18), P. 3123 - 3123
Published: Sept. 10, 2024
Cancer
remains
one
of
the
most
difficult
diseases
to
treat,
requiring
continuous
research
into
innovative
therapeutic
strategies.
Conventional
treatments
such
as
chemotherapy
and
radiotherapy
are
effective
a
certain
extent
but
often
have
significant
side
effects
carry
risk
resistance.
In
recent
years,
concept
dual-acting
therapeutics
has
attracted
considerable
attention,
particularly
combination
DNA
alkylating
agents
antimicrobial
peptides.
alkylation,
well-known
mechanism
in
cancer
therapy,
involves
attachment
alkyl
groups
DNA,
leading
damage
subsequent
cell
death.
Antimicrobial
peptides,
on
other
hand,
been
shown
be
anticancer
due
their
ability
selectively
disrupt
membranes
modulate
immune
responses.
This
review
aims
explore
synergistic
potential
these
two
modalities.
It
examines
mechanisms
action,
current
findings,
promise
they
offer
improve
efficacy
specificity
treatments.
By
combining
cytotoxic
power
alkylation
with
unique
properties
dual-action
may
new
more
approach
fighting
cancer.
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 143397 - 143397
Published: April 1, 2025
Biofilm-associated
infections
on
medical
devices
are
challenging
to
treat.
Therefore,
innovative
treatment
approaches
needed
penetrate
biofilms
and
eliminate
bacteria.
With
this
study,
we
developed
chitosan
nanoparticles
(CNPs)
encapsulating
the
antibacterial
peptide
HB43
at
increasing
CNP/peptide
ratios
(from
1
4
%
for
P1-CNP,
P2-CNP,
P4-CNP,
respectively)
using
ion
gelation
method.
Our
goal
was
enhance
drug
delivery
inside
a
methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus
aureus
(MRSA)
biofilm.
analysis
showed
direct
correlation
between
encapsulation
efficacy
of
physical
properties
CNPs,
such
as
size
zeta
potential.
P1-CNP
identified
optimal
formulation,
characterized
by
its
small
size,
high
efficiency,
cationic
surface
charge.
Release
studies
indicated
that
released
in
sustained
manner
particularly
under
acidic
conditions,
which
enhanced
therapeutic
efficacy.
We
tested
culture
media
with
pH
levels
7.4
5.5
assess
responsiveness
CNPs
mimic
infection
environment.
Both
conditions
effectively
reduced
bacterial
populations
dose-dependent
manner,
up
99.99
reduction
load.
This
study
offers
promising
new
strategy
managing
biofilm-associated
addressing
antibiotic
resistance
loaded
HB43.
Antibiotics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1), P. 1 - 1
Published: Dec. 24, 2024
Cathelicidins
are
a
group
of
cationic,
amphipathic
peptides
that
play
vital
role
in
the
innate
immune
response
many
vertebrates,
including
humans.
Produced
by
and
epithelial
cells,
they
serve
as
natural
defenses
against
wide
range
pathogens,
bacteria,
viruses,
fungi.
In
humans,
cathelicidin
LL-37
is
essential
for
wound
healing,
maintaining
skin
barrier
integrity,
combating
infections.
different
origins
have
shown
potential
treating
various
conditions,
melanoma,
acne,
diabetic
foot
ulcers.
Despite
their
promising
therapeutic
potential,
cathelicidins
face
significant
challenges
clinical
application.
Many
peptide-based
therapies
failed
trials
due
to
unclear
efficacy
safety
concerns.
Additionally,
emergence
bacterial
resistance,
which
contradicts
initial
claims
non-resistance,
further
complicates
development.
To
successfully
translate
into
effective
treatments,
therefore,
several
obstacles
must
be
addressed,
better
understanding
mechanisms
action,
sustainable
large-scale
production,
optimized
formulations
drug
delivery
stability,
strategies
overcome
microbial
resistance.
This
review
examines
current
knowledge
applications
discusses
hinder
use
fully
exploit
medicine.
