Flavonoids: Overview of Biosynthesis, Biological Activity, and Current Extraction Techniques

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(14), P. 2732 - 2732

Published: July 23, 2023

Recently, increased attention has been paid to natural sources as raw materials for the development of new added-value products. Flavonoids are a large family polyphenols which include several classes based on their basic structure: flavanones, flavones, isoflavones, flavonols, flavanols, and anthocyanins. They have multitude biological properties, such anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardioprotective, neuroprotective effects. Current trends research flavonoids relate identification, extraction, isolation, physico-chemical characterization, applications health benefits. This review presents an up-to-date survey most recent developments in flavonoid classes, activity representative flavonoids, current extraction techniques, perspectives.

Language: Английский

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Marine fucoidans: Structural, extraction, biological activities and their applications in the food industry

Food Hydrocolloids, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 142, P. 108784 - 108784

Published: May 1, 2023

Over the years, seaweeds have been highlighted as valuable natural sources of bioactive polysaccharides. Fucoidan, a sulphated polysaccharide mainly from brown composed fucopyranose backbone and several monosaccharides, reported to possess numerous biological activities such anticancer, antioxidant, immunoregulatory, antiviral, antithrombic, anti-inflammatory properties thus may confer health benefits humans. However, main mechanisms bridging structural complexity fucoidans their activity are mostly ignored. This review provides an update on current knowledge green extraction methods, purification, analysis fucoidan. Factors influencing fucoidan also discussed. Lastly, presents concise information about application in food industry, its utilization delivery systems for nutraceuticals prospects designing functional foods, well toxicological concerns associated with use fucoidans. The is dependent species, source, harvesting time, among other factors. turn greatly influences fucoidans, high degree sulphation low molecular weight particularly linked increased activity. Due presence sulphate moieties, easily interact polymers far-reaching applications.

Language: Английский

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Latest advances in hepatocellular carcinoma management and prevention through advanced technologies

Egyptian Liver Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of liver cancer, with high mortality rate. cancer that can be effectively managed through early detection and accurate diagnosis, followed by personalized treatment plan may include surgical resection, transplantation, minimally-invasive techniques, immunotherapy, or targeted therapy depending on the stage severity cancer. Main body abstract This paper discusses recent advances in detection, management, prevention HCC. The use newer imaging such as Magnetic resonance (MRI) contrast-enhanced ultrasound, along image segmentation technology deep learning models, have greatly enhanced accuracy HCC diagnosis. Minimally-invasive thermal ablation radiofrequency ablation, allowed for more precise destruction tumors, while Nanoparticles, immunotherapy shown promise management advanced Artificial intelligence (AI) machine has revolutionized research, aiding identification high-risk patients predicting outcomes. Lifestyle modifications, weight alcohol avoidance, hepatitis B vaccinations, play critical role preventing development. Short conclusion Recent improving patient therapy, AI research lifestyle modifications prevention. However, further required to fully understand potential benefits nanoparticles, traditional Chinese medicine herbal medicines treatment. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Silymarin: Unveiling its pharmacological spectrum and therapeutic potential in liver diseases—A comprehensive narrative review

Food Science & Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 3097 - 3111

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract Liver diseases, encompassing conditions such as cirrhosis, present a substantial global health challenge with diverse etiologies, including viral infections, alcohol consumption, and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The exploration of natural compounds therapeutic agents has gained traction, notably the herbal remedy milk thistle ( Silybum marianum ), its active extract, silymarin, demonstrating remarkable antioxidant hepatoprotective properties in extensive preclinical investigations. It can protect healthy cells or those that have not yet sustained permanent damage by reducing oxidative stress mitigating cytotoxicity. Silymarin, compound properties, anti‐inflammatory effects, antifibrotic activity, shown potential treating caused alcohol, NAFLD, drug‐induced toxicity, hepatitis. Legalon® is top‐rated medication excellent oral bioavailability, effective absorption, effectiveness. Its component, Eurosil 85® also, commercial product, lipophilic enhanced special formulation processes. during clinical trials, shows improvements function, reduced mortality rates, alleviation symptoms across various disorders, safety assessments showing low adverse effects. Overall, silymarin emerges promising multifaceted diseases.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of Various Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Skin Cancer

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. 10030 - 10048

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Skin cancer (SC) poses a global threat to the healthcare system and is expected increase significantly over next two decades if not diagnosed at an early stage. Early diagnosis crucial for successful treatment, as disease becomes more challenging cure it progresses. However, identifying new drugs, achieving clinical success, overcoming drug resistance remain significant challenges. To overcome these obstacles provide effective understand causes of skin cancer, how cells grow divide, factors that affect cell growth, occurs. In this review, we have explained various therapeutic approaches SC treatment via ligands, targeted photosensitizers, natural synthetic drugs SC, epigenetic approach management melanoma, photodynamic therapy, therapy BRAF-mutated melanoma. This article also provides detailed summary are in managing melanoma reducing occurrence stages focuses on current status future prospects therapies available cancer.

Language: Английский

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The effective combination therapies with irinotecan for colorectal cancer

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of worldwide and has become one major human disease burdens. In clinical practice, treatment colorectal been closely related to use irinotecan. Irinotecan combines with many other anticancer drugs a broader range drug combinations. Combination therapy important means improving anti-tumor efficacy overcoming resistance. Reasonable combination can lead better patient options, inappropriate will increase risk. For therapeutic field, significance improve efficacy, reduce adverse effects, ease treatment. Therefore, we explored advantages its based on mechanism or metabolism reviewed rationale basis limitations in conducting exploratory trials irinotecan therapy, including results potentiation cytotoxic drugs, targeted agents, herbal medicine. We hope that these evoke more efforts conduct laboratory for further studies evaluations, as well possibility in-depth development future trials.

Language: Английский

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Codelivery of methotrexate and silibinin by niosome nanoparticles for enhanced chemotherapy of CT26 colon cancer cells

Biomedical Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. 055015 - 055015

Published: July 2, 2024

Abstract Colon cancer (CC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in world, and chemotherapy widely applied to combat it. However, drugs have severe side effects emergence multi drug resistance (MDR) common. This bottleneck can be overcome by niosome nanocarriers that minimize dose/toxicity meanwhile allow co-loading incompatible for combination therapy. In this research, silibinin (Sil) as a hydrophobic was loaded into lipophilic part, methotrexate (MTX) hydrophilic part thin film hydration (TFH) method form Nio@MS NPs CT26 colon therapy vitro . Our results indicated synthesis ideal nanoparticles (NPs) with spherical morphology, size ∼100 nm, zeta potential −10 mV. The IC 50 value determined ∼2.6 µg ml −1 , which significantly lower than MTX-Sil (∼6.86 ), Sil (18.46 MTX (9.8 ). Further, reduced cell adhesion density, promoted apoptosis increased gene expression level caspase 3 BAX while significant downregulation BCL2. conclusion, design application co-administer increase cytotoxicity, reduce their dose improve anti-cancer combating MDR.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the potential of silymarin-loaded nanovesicles as an effective drug delivery system for cancer therapy: in vivo, in vitro, and in silico experiments

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 397(9), P. 7017 - 7036

Published: April 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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A Compressive Review on Source, Toxicity and Biological Activity of Flavonoid

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(24), P. 2093 - 2116

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Flavonoids are biologically active chemicals in various fruits, plants, vegetables, and leaves, which have promising uses medicinal science. The health properties of these natural widely accepted, efforts underway to extract the specific components referred as flavonoids. demonstrate a diverse range bio-activities, anticancer, antioxidant activity, anti-cholinesterase antiinflammatory antimalarial antidiabetic neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular effect, hepatoprotective effects, antiviral antimicrobial activity. This study aims examine prevailing trends flavonoid investigation studies, elucidate activity flavonoids, their functions uses, assess potential flavonoids preventive medications for chronic diseases, outline future research opportunities this field. review explores preventing managing diseases.

Language: Английский

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Silymarin as an Antioxidant Therapy in Chronic Liver Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Chronic liver diseases (CLDs) such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and non-alcoholic fatty disease (NAFLD) present significant global health challenges due to their high morbidity mortality rates. Silymarin, a flavonoid complex derived from the seeds of milk thistle plant (Silybum marianum), has been extensively studied for its hepatoprotective properties. This review aims evaluate role silymarin an antioxidant therapy in managing CLDs. We explore efficacy, safety, mechanisms action through comprehensive analysis clinical trials scientific studies. Silymarin offers protective effects on shows promise improving function histological outcomes various conditions. Despite promising results, further research is needed fully elucidate optimal dosing regimens, long-term potential drug interactions silymarin. underscores therapeutic CLDs provides foundation future studies aimed at enhancing application.

Language: Английский

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